Macro & Microeconomics Essays

The paper "Purchasing Power Parity as a Measure to Determine Exchange Rate" is a good example of a macro & microeconomics essay. The Theory of Purchasing Power Parity is used by economists as one way to determine the level of the exchange rate between and among countries. It states that exchange rates adjust as prices of goods and services between countries change until it reaches an equilibrium level.

The paper "Economics and Development" is a wonderful example of an assignment on macro and microeconomics.Taxation is one source of government revenue, there exist two types of taxes which are direct taxes and indirect taxes, direct taxes are those taxes that are imposed directly on products or even personal income tax.

Reconsideration of the aforementioned points by a builder is essential in order to discover errors. If large errors are discovered in the Bill which are ‘in proportion to the cost of the job then the Builder may decide to withdraw. He [sic] is not allowed to add the error to his tender even though this would still make him the lowest tenderer’ (‘Bill of Quantities’, Topic 6).

China has grown on the basis of its manufacturing industry, depending largely on exports of automobile and electronic components. In contrast, India’s growth is largely service-led, with software and business process outsourcing being the major sectors. Hence, both countries crucially depend on global growth for their rates of growth to be sustainable.

The Celtic Tiger has awakened because now that the people of Ireland have enough money to spend, there will be more stores opening up in Ireland to cater to the buying spree of the Irish wage and business earners.  This will create more jobs. The standard of living of Ireland, as a result of the increase in money spending, has increased.

The decline in the prices and values of the property need not disturb the return on the investment. They are correcting the over appreciation of the housing industry due to the good growth showed by the American economy. The different schemes and programs introduced by the federal government to ensure shelter for the American people were used by authorities and that made them less competent entities.

The financial implication of this exercise and the threat that the debt pyramid might topple has led to a new phase of economic marginalization of the developing world. In this scenario, an abstract East Asian `model' of development was utilized for the legitimating of structural adjustment policy prescriptions for indebted developing states.

The utilization of the rest of the world in repairing the financial health of the United States is going to be crucial. As an example, George Soros suggests that China will lose its communist held government by the capitalist crisis, but most other effects on the world will not have the desired result.

The change percentage is higher in technical, and professional services; administrative and support services; rental, hiring, and real estate services; health and social assistance; and art and recreation services. There is significant growth in employment in these sectors as well as the materialization of a vibrant 24-hour inner-city economy. 

According to the Marxist theory, the cause of οf crime is capitalism. The law and the criminal justice system are used to protect the interests οf the capitalist elite. In a capitalist system, the means οf production are owned by a small elite (bourgeoisie) and are used to control the working-class labourers (proletariat).

The paper shows that for getting the highest returns countries can maintain any two policies and this is termed as the “impossible trinity”. In case a country has a fixed exchange rate and a free capital flow, it cannot have an independent monetary policy. Argentina has followed this policy between 1991 and 2002. 

The investment climate of Kenya has been favored by many factors, for example, Kenya is one of the emerging markets, strategic location, Export Processing Zone Authority, abundant natural resources, highly qualified and developed and yet mobile human resource pool and relatively good physical and social infrastructure. 

 Poverty is the major cause of environmental degradation since the poor turn to overexploitation of the natural resources in order to satisfy their daily requirements. Multinational companies that are viewed by many governments as a solution towards economic development end up overexploiting the domestic resources in an unethical manner.

Research indicates that increased consumption of food, resources, and energy is a result of higher living standards and green growth (Hunt, 2013). However, the economy cannot be entirely green due to the fact that countries especially in the developing world face significant challenges in institutionalizing fundamental changes in consumption, technological advancement, and agriculture.

It is important to notice that in order to cut down on global warming and green gases emission, TfL should consider increasing charges for poorly maintained vehicles. These vehicles emit exhume large volumes of carbon dioxide and such as gases that greatly contribute to greenhouse gases effect (Tom, 2008).

Theorists of monetarism take the side that balance between the supply of money and the demand for money is enough to make a country’s economy well and sound. Monetarists strongly believe that changes in the quantity of money in circulation within an economy are the main determinant of the level of national income and that the central bank should be the one to control the supply of money.

As discussed in Royal Bank of Scotland Plc v Cassa di Risparmio delle Provincie Lombard, UCP is not the statutory code and as such any deviations from the accepted principles under UCP must have the express consent of both the parties. This case therefore vividly portrays the role of UCP in governing the transactions.

 United States economy review started in the 16th century.  Before then, the American economy was weak but has managed to transform from a marginally successful economy to an industrial nation with a reputable economy in the global map. This transition was characterized by the development of complex institutions. At a time of low economic growth, Native Americans inhabited the Northern part. 

If the industry experiences a decrease in its demand, then its price reduces & output is also reduced to a certain level. The level of profitability shrinks in the industry and causes unprofitable firms to leave the industry. The individual demand of the firm's increases which restores the price and output to come to their original level.

The paper "Effects of Financial Globalization on Developing Countries" is a brilliant example of a literature review on macro and microeconomics. The term globalization broadly refers to the process by which countries become increasingly integrated globally over time. It is a phenomenon that is characterized by advancement in technology and increased the mobility of persons, capital, goods and even pollution across borders.

The paper "Investing In Southeast Asia" is a brilliant example of a term paper on macro and microenvironment. Southeast Asian countries are a favored destination for investment by multinational companies (MNCs). The region’s geographical proximity to Australia is an added attraction for Australian companies to think of it as the first choice for their foreign investment.

The paper "Recession, House Prices, and Trade Surplus" is a wonderful example of an assignment on macro and microeconomics. United States: PIMCO: Treasuries reflect the likelihood of a recession - Presently, the decline in United States treasury yields to a 60 year low which is characterized by failing monetary and fiscal policies. 

Economic inequality manifests as greater income inequality whereby highly skilled workers earn more than low skilled workers. These manifestations have a negative influence on economic development (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 2005). One of the most important factors that prevent a downfall is economic equality

It is quite essential to state that the entrance in the international community of a series of organizations dedicated to helping poor women to survive, is quite an importance. It is necessary under these terms to create the appropriate framework in order for these organizations to operate without obstacles.

Surf skiing complements with warm weather. Often, they are used in warmers coastal regions such as Australia, California, Hawaii and South Africa. It is a popular water sports so that there are already national and international competitions such as the U.S Surfski Championship and the Molokai race in Hawaii. The increases awareness and enthusiasm for water sports make surf ski more interesting.

The realization that oil has generated international conflict caused damage to the environment and that its global reserves are fast depleting has caused nations to fast-track the development of renewable energy measures that promote the expansion of sustainable energy sources that are cleaner and as efficient as well.

The low current ratio signifies that the liquidity position of Canada Corporation Ltd is weak and it is not capable of meeting its short term obligations (Brigham & Houston, 2007, pp.103). Another commonly used liquidity ratio is the Quick ratio or Acid-test ratio which is computed by subtracting the Inventories. 

UK can come up to the assumption that because of these drawbacks BRIC might not be a serious matter, but to put into account it should also be mentioned that investors from all around the globe are flowing towards the emerging economies. The new reforms shall help the UK on these terms, but again the internal business market may get affected.

The author states that this arrangement took place in different stages and gradually evolved, however, it collapsed during 1992 when Italy and England failed to keep their currencies at the level above the required minimum threshold level of the band. The ERM was developed as a managed float exchange rate system.

The Third World companies also benefited by gaining access to the end products whether these were bicycle tires or cocoa; there was also the benefit of foreign exchange flowing into the coffers of the Third World nations, some of which fell into the hands of corrupt officials, and thus would not have benefited the population at large.                 

The paper “The Globalization of Financial Markets - Pros and Cons" is a spectacular example of a term paper on macro & microeconomics. To understand the financial crisis that have become such a common occurrence in the past decades, it best to understand what caused these crises which started in Thailand, engulfed Malaysia, Indonesia, and South Korea.

The paper “The Role of European Trading Bloc" is an intriguing example of a term paper on macro & microeconomics. The European countries first came together in 1951 by establishing the European Coal and Steel Community and then by forming the European Economic Community (EEC) through the Rome Treaty in 1957 that established the right of free movement of goods, capital, services, etc.

The first section of the paper deals with the role of trade in economic development, discusses various trade theories, the role of governments for trade strategies and various factors of any economy that gets influenced by the trade. The next section discusses some features of the economies of Asia. In this section the factors of production i.e capital, labour and technology.

This is not the case in Peru, where the gender bias is less obvious. Further, in India, most part of the 90 million school-going population is economically active. In India, the rates are better as the Indian workforce receives better and more regular wages as compared with Peru or Pakistan where most cases of domestic labor go unpaid altogether. (Ray, 2000)

Transaction costs economics and the new institutional economics have provided ways in which traditional economics model on the assumptions of maximizing behavior by individuals can be used in understanding the relationship between institutions and the reform process.  Changes in investment activity, employment, and prices may be recurring and frequent manifestation.

All economies associated with the US felt the pinch of this economic contraction. The crises were further intensified by the unexpected rise in international oil prices that also affected the competitiveness of businesses. Hence, world economies were thrown into the deepest global economic downturn after this credit crunch like situation.

The Washington Consensus suggested privatization of state-owned enterprises. Private enterprises are more proficient and effective in terms of service and regulation compared to state enterprises. It suggested the abolition of regulations that hampers the entry of new firms in the market and competition.

The author of the paper states that International Financial Markets is a place where the players are mostly the member countries, purchasing and selling, accruing capital and trying to regulate the economic trend in the home country. International Financial Market trends have been on a growth rate since the last three decades. 

Sea freight is used because of long-distance transport costs lesser than airfreight and when the shipment is not suitable by airfreight. The U.S began as a maritime nation. In the 19th century, U.S.-flag merchant vessels transported more than 90% of foreign trade. The U.S marine transportation system encompasses a network of navigable waterways. 

Government can resolve the short-term issue by increasing government spending in order to promote the smooth flow of local business transactions. If left unmanaged, this theory could cause long-term problems such as inflation, slow economic growth, and an increase in the number of unemployed especially in a situation of a demand or supply shock.

The absolute level of productivity is termed as irrelevant in determining the specialization patterns because in any organization or in any workplace the solutions which are related to the closed-form are derived in order to have the factor related to the immobility case. It is not necessary to have the better level of productivity if the working conditions are in the right direction or way.

Sometimes the government may make the prices of certain commodities or business ventures unusually high. For example, a city may impose high official meter rate but do not regulate entry into the taxi business. Therefore, this high fare rates must cover the driver’s payment and a market rate return on the capital cost of operating the taxi.

The problems related to the merger and acquisitions are often the shareholders that belong to two or more different companies. Basically, the cultural differences between the companies who have decided to merge or acquire another company are the common factor that could trigger more serious management problems.

From our estimated models it is clear that the best model to use in the estimation of gross domestic product is the final model that involves time-lagged variables in the absence of inflation, this is because the probability of the existence of autocorrelation in this model from the Durbin Watson test shows that this model has no correlation.

Efficiency also means the utilization of a particular product with minimum wastage. Economic efficiency can be defined as the practice of making the best usage of scarce resources given different tastes and preferences and existing expertise. Resources are always scarce and hence productivity is also limited.

We are left with a question about the future of the UAE when the oil reserves will be gone. The important position that is played by the UAE in the global market will have to be foregone in the future if the country does not position itself well in terms of reinvention from reliance on oil reserves to another economic activity.

A doubling of CO2 would cause a 4.9-6.1o C increase in continental surface air temperature depending upon latitude and season, which is at the upper end of current predictions (1.4oC-5.8oC) under the third AR). The greater controversy surrounds exactly how human-induced climate change will be realized at the regional level and across time, who will suffer and what should be done.

Many of the Eastern European countries appear to be on the edge of bankruptcy, and countries that were once seen as some of the most stable places in the world to invest are now nationalizing banks and dealing with massive drops in growth, rising unemployment, and threats of political populism and demagoguery.

The research into the relationship of money supply fluctuations and economic fluctuations lead to the conclusion that the Great Depression was caused by government mismanagement of money supply. He argued that an ordinary financial shock was greatly increased in seriousness due to the subsequent contraction of the money supply. 

While a lot of research and literature has been created to cover that aspect of social existence, the regulation of the labor market and minimum wage standards remains a largely economic concern. This is because unemployment is an economic measure for society and the resulting social impact often remains a secondary concern.