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This paper critically analyses whether the current international legal framework applicable to protecting and assisting victims of human trafficking is indeed adequate and effective. In order to perform the critical analysis, the paper provides a deeper understanding of the definition of human trafficking and its victims. In addition, the paper identifies the current international legal framework applicable to protecting and assisting human trafficking victims before critically analyzing its effectiveness and adequacy. A concluding remark on the thesis statement winds up the analysis.
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The ne bis indem was initiated to be supportive of the member state laws and to help in governing of the European community as a unit. Several cases have been tried to test the credibility, ability, and applicability of the ne bis indem, European Union law.
Police misconduct is creating problems everywhere in the world. The term “police misconduct” refers to the illegal or unethical actions taken by police officers in connection with their official duties. Even though the primary duty of any police force is to give enough protection to the life and properties of the public, it is not necessary that the police force may be successful always in meeting these primary objectives.
For such people fast food chain industry is like glittering gold. It has a large and ever increasing market in The United States of America. The paper explores the prospective decisions that are essential to start a business in New Jersey and the legal requirements which would ensure a successful and a legitimate business; answer the question of what kind of business pool to join to make some right legal decisions and whether it would be a sole propriety, a limited liability company or a limited liability partnership.
Most of my values go in line with those of the criminal agency statement of values. We both believe in having a positive attitude, upholding honesty and integrity at all times, and working under minimum supervision among others. However, there is a disparity when it comes to loyalty. I hold that loyalty should be kept only when it is necessary.
The author states that under this case, Abdulla and others, who are the plaintiffs, had brought 174 equal pay claims against the Birmingham City Council, which had to be determined by the Supreme Court. Previously, the case had been dealt with by both the high court and the court of appeal, which had upheld the same ruling.
The juvenile justice system, which is different from the adult criminal justice system, especially in the way juvenile crimes are handled, and the legal and political actions taken, was established in order to handle crimes committed by young offenders. In the United States, the system and procedures vary according to states and even counties.
Section 4 of 1998’s Human Rights Act is a provision that allows the HRA of 1998 to be effective in the UK. This section enables the courts in the UK to give a declaration of incompatibility in cases where it is not possible to utilize section 3 in the interpretation of subordinate or primary legislation in order for their provisions to be well-matched to the European Convention of Human Rights articles that are also part of the HRA.
Inheritance Tax has some reliefs which enable it to become a more just tax than wealth tax. Transfers made at least seven years before death becomes completely exempt from tax. If the transfer is chargeable, a tax is charged on the value of the asset as it is on the date of transfer. If it gets appreciated in value, no additional charge is levied.
There is much that institutional investors can contribute to pressuring management to comply with corporate governance guidelines, as empirical evidence points out. Any role ascribed to institutional investors in this regard should be consistent with their primary duty of serving their members and shareholders first.
Throughout the years, nations and multilateral organizations have relied on the FET as a standard of legal application, but have constantly avoided restricting its definition in the proviso, until the recent US-Chile Free Trade Agreement that marked the new generation of BITs. The rather liberal interpretations reflect the uncertainties.
The state prison system is the largest state run prison system in the United States (Davis, Williams and Safety, 2011). Core Policy California State Prison focuses not only on prison cells and giving the jail time to offenders, but it is rather an institution that provides correction counseling, medical attention and proper training for work.
The kidnapper Phillip Craig Garrido was later arrested together with his wife Nancy Garrido and charged with the offences of kidnapping and sexual assault. On the April 28, 2011, Garrido and his wife pleaded guilty to kidnapping Dugard and sexually assaulting her while in captivity.
The case is presented within the jurisdiction of an international court of justice. Other countries have joined together to challenge oppose what they term as the annexation of the space country X. Joining them is country Y which may have the same interests as those of country X.
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This paper goes ahead and seeks to find out whether the current existing laws are sufficient for dealing with this issue or whether there is a need to upgrade them to fit into these rapidly dynamic changing economic circles. This has primarily been because of the changes which have taken place in the all-around development of human beings.
The 12 parts of the Act provide an analysis of the local government in order to ensure that democratic and effective services are rendered to the people. More importantly, the Act defines the powers and the functions of the Local Government in addition to providing the basis for accountability for these governments.
OBJECTIVES - To understand the legal and environmental issues related to the hydraulic fracturing process. To understand the federal and state laws regulating the hydraulic fracturing process as well as to compare these laws in different states. To also examine these laws relative to a different country.
Countries around the world adopted the system and leveraged, it for its sake and the needs of its population. This led to the adult education system having diversity in philosophy, history, and institutional basis. The diversity is brought about by the roles the system is intended to achieve after passing the required knowledge.
This paper examines The Innovative Design Protection Act of 2012. A number of modifications were introduced in the 2012 version of the legislation. Firstly, the new version consists of a short title; Innovative Design Protection Act (IDPA), which replaces the rather mouthful Innovative Design Protection and Piracy Prevention Act (IDPPPA).
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The law enforcement officers can take further initiatives as the situation warrants. A similar pattern can be found in the case of national security intelligence also where the data is processed by analysts and experts, who interpret its implication and draw appropriate conclusions for enabling the policymakers to issue further instructions for action to be taken.
Plaintiff had a relative who was ill and he made Plaintiff believe that upon his death he would inherit his entire Montgomery Estate. However, to inherit, Plaintiff had to ensure that he only had assets worth less than £ 150, 000. Mr Robbins sought the services of an accountant who estimated his total estate to be in the region of £ 165, 000.
MS have shown low levels of confidence and trust in each other. A critical analysis of the status of the FD shows that the future of the EAW will depend primarily on mutual trust among the Member States in law enforcement. MS must focus on harmonization based on the principle of mutual recognition as the central pillar of EU judicial cooperation.
Low esteem, lack of self-confidence and frustration lead a person to feel he or she needs to control other people or constantly degrade them (L.Petherbridge 2009). Abusers have a low self-esteem; although most abusers might appear “tough”, “strong” and “confident”, more often than not they suffer from low self-esteem.
The Law indicates that if the lessee is unable to find housing that is equal or lower in terms of price for comparable accommodations, they are at liberty to hold the lessor responsible for the difference in cost between the current rental and the new rental property. Simply, Jeffrey is liable for the termination of the lease agreement.
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Ethics on the other hand is a social system that people agree upon in order to conduct their day-to-day activities. When seen from such a perspective ethics could directly refer to standards or codes of behavior a given group of individuals have to adhere to. A few examples to mention could be company ethics and professional ethics.
However, it should be an act that comes from within to ensure unbiased coexistence among people. People have the responsibility of ensuring that laws are adhered to thus making ethics at work inevitable. Having understood all these, it is an obligation for individuals in the criminal justice system and everyone else to uphold ethical actions by executing their duties fairly.
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One of the biggest debates is whether the individual or the society is responsible. Individuals are responsible for personal behavior, since they opt for crime rather than any other law-abiding courses of action. In addition, people are finally responsible to the whole community of which they form part of, so if such persons do not act responsibly towards the society, they ought to be held accountable by the law (Schmalleger, 2012).
Increased exposure to crime and violence in the media has also been a major cause of increase in juvenile crime. Youth violence has been reported to be a key cause of death of young people aged 10-24. This has mostly been conducted by youth gangs and has resulted in not only death but destruction of valuable property and disruption of social services.
The democratic principles in the US require that Americans be informed on government activities. Nevertheless, the national defense has throughout history required maintenance of secretion of certain confidential information so as to protect the citizens, democratic institutions, and homeland security.
A will is a legal document that allows someone to state, or dictate who will receive his estate and how much of the estate will go to any specified person. The person that draws a will is by law referred to as the testator, and they may leave the management or ownership of the estate to more than one party. The purpose of drafting a will is to distribute a person’s wealth upon that person’s death.
If left unchallenged, the defendant‘s confession is influential on the trial outcome. In many cases, a confession serves as the single most influential factor in leading the trier of fact to reject the attorney's defense strategy and render a verdict of guilty.
Internal governance has a considerable effect to influence the operations of the external governance, hence the reforms made in the internal governance directly influence the development of the external governance. The police governance has also established an elaborate police organization that has provided guidance.
Though there are proven serious effects of increasing violent video gaming, the government is not able to completely restrict and ban the sale of video games to children. The Supreme Court on a Californian statute that sought to restrict such materials made a ruling that such restriction would be illegal and against the First Amendment.
There are various types of international customary laws which states recognize. Some of these laws rise up to the class of compelling law (jus cogens) when they are recognized by all states as able rights that are not derogable. All states are bound by the international customary law in spite of being signatories to these laws through treaties or domestic laws.
That nations have the right to freely choose their sovereignty and international political status with no external influence or interference1 from foreign nations or bodies because of the innate right to equality and social freedom2. It gets its origins from customary international law3 but has in the recent past been recognized as a fundamental part of international law and is enshrined in a number of international treaties4.
In international law context, use of force can be defined as the right for a nation to use own authority to settle disputes2. Force may be through use of military, use of dangerous and destructive warship like bombs. Article 51 of the UN Council provides statutory powers for a state to use force.
Despite the fact of the introduction of the 5th and 14th Amendments and the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, there exist racial inequalities in the American criminal justice system even today. American criminal laws while on the face of it appear to be neutral but are implemented in a style that is pervasively and massively appears to be prejudiced.
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Corruption is the abuse of public authority and position for personal benefit by public officials (Prenzler, 2004). It usually entails public officials receiving illegal payment in exchange for various authoritative and state-sanctioned acts which have selective and tangible effects. Normally, the acts would not have been performed without the illegal payment.
The laws have to be encouraged in all states and should be well implemented so as to ensure that the high rates of gun-related crimes witnessed in different states can be eliminated or greatly reduced. The implementation has to be properly conducted as poorly enacted laws will result in increased rates of gun-related crimes.
It explores what determines the way that people act in a defined manner towards an aspect related to work situations. It delves into what makes people behave towards each other and how these relationships affect their behaviour. This chapter investigates and explains factors that influence and determine effort intensity in the work place and the direction of an individual’s activities towards achieving a personal goal.
When merging companies, the company’s culture cannot be ignored (Vachon, 2007). For the merger to be successful, the management of the two companies has to agree on what to adopt and use on the new company. The merger between the Bank of America and the giant card company, MBA, is an example of companies with two different cultures.
Job dissatisfaction is a leading cause of staff turnover, and this evidences internal inefficiencies in terms of policies. Kania et al states that police agencies spend a great sum of money on recruiting, selecting and training new employees. To add, he states that turnover in corrections department is exceptionally high, especially in the last years of employment as experienced officers opt to take positions in better paying agencies.
Kardasz (2008) has given an example of a statement of values from a code of ethics for a criminal justice agency and which is still in use by several law enforcement agencies. A law enforcement officer swears to serve mankind and to protect lives and property. In this statement, the officer swears to protect the innocent from deception, the weak from oppression and the peaceful from disorder or violence.
This paper demonstrates that developments in EU trademark and design law have reached a point where obtaining protection for shapes as either a registered trademark or design has become particularly difficult. It has become difficult to keep a registered trademark, as there is a danger that once registered, it can be the subject of invalidation.
However, this is not case because young people find themselves in adult prison cells. This is made possible through the process of waiver, where the judge allows the prosecutor to transfer the juvenile case to an adult court (Marcovitz, 2012). There are a number of disadvantages and advantages of transferring a juvenile to an adult court.
This is considered to discourage private limited companies from being used for investment business because there is no clear policy set on how to charge taxes to such business enterprises. The proposed wedding company will be operational within the United Kingdom therefore it will not be affected by the cases of double taxation.
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Generally, one of the major concerns of society has been the development of the youthful generation as they have so often been referred to as the leaders of tomorrow. This being the case it is essential that their future is safe to the best of the ability of those who are in charge of their care (Bartol & Bartol, 2009).
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The research that is done should be thorough and extensive in order to positively identify the main problem that is a concern to the community (Stone, 2008). Once the problem has been identified and proven to be the main issue of concern for society, one is able to move on to the second stage of this policy perspective.