Finance & Accounting Essays

And for each individual, the significance of these personal factors will differ. However, through the many conducted surveys with regards to this topic confirm that a lot of people opt for wage employment over self-employment. “The main reason is because they prefer the more steady income that wage employment promises, unlike self-employment” (Miller & Huston, 2005).

The lobbying involves the activities that businesses carry out for the intention of influencing the government or providing advice to other businesses on how to influence the government. Within the United Kingdom, government includes the central government, local government, and the devolved government.

Consolidation of Financial Statements Introduction The acquisition method is predominantly applied to consolidation of financial statement from 2009. Prior to that Purchase Method of consolidation was in vogue. Pooling of interest method was adopted for consolidation prior to 2002.

During 1980, the Union Law issued the ‘Monetary System and Organization of Banking’ which provides the authority of banking and monetary system to the Central Bank. Central bank started its function in 1980 with the objective of regulating credit, monetary and banking policy and to supervise over the implementation of these policies in gulf countries Board of directors of the Central bank have reorganized the structure of the bank which is now having five branches with seven departments and seven divisions, seven units and a risk bureau.

The main reason I am writing this memo to the board, is to offer a detailed explanation as to why I had to resign from the company as the Financial Accountant. The reasons I will spell out in this memo range from professional and personal reasons. However, the actual reasons stems from the fact that I had noted on the group accounts that there were no provision for the mis-selling of financial products and my quest in seeking further information regarding this before finalizing the accounts was frustrated by the Finance Director, Mr.

There are basically two main format of Sainsbury, one is Sainsbury’s convenience stores and other is Sainsbury’s supermarket. The company uses large self-service food stores in the United Kingdom about fifty years ago.

(2) If we are able to detect the deception through our five senses (B), then we are not deceived about the world around (A-). (3) If we are not able to detect the deception through our five senses (B-), then we are not deceived about the world around us (A-).

Besides testing a model, this study will also be testing market efficiency and using use Cointegration as a decision rule for pair selection, trying to ascertain whether different and more efficient rules may be implemented. In order to calculate asset returns, we need the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) which gives predictions on how to measure risk and the relationship between risk and return.

I will be individually responsible for the auditing tasks and I can certify you that the service you would obtain from us would be of highest quality. We have agreed that we shall accumulate, as your representatives, the financial records on the basis of accounting information upheld by yourself and you will make complete disclosure of pertinent financial data to us.

It has always been business instinct to increase profitability with the utmost efficiency like in the way seasonal products are sold at higher prices when demand is at peak and at lower prices when there appears to be no demand for it at all.

However, with businesses becoming international, the distinction between domestic and foreign stakeholders should be resolved. This can only be possible if uniformity can be introduced in existing accounting standard.

Owner? The construction industry is therefore modifying its image from a commodity market to a service providing industry. The renewed interest in the entire project cycle will present unique opportunities for A/Es and contractors to offer new services. General contractors now are marketing professional services such as design/build, construction management, financing assistance, total program management, operation and maintenance (O&M), and renovation services.

Abstract Crime Analysis of a Metropolitan City (e.g London) using GIS Techniques Crime fighting strategies of law enforcement agencies are primarily based on crime analysis. Though these agencies collect significant amount of crime data through traditional methods, however, they have always been concerned about effectively analysing this data for use.

Risk managers and international traders in the financial services community, corporate management, or government operations leading development projects must consider the social justice aspects of international law, as it affects communities and whole nations in their aspirations for freedom and happiness in civil affairs.

This report discussed how the external environment may affect Intel- the leading chip manufacturing firm in the world and how Intel can actually design its strategies to cope with the changing external environment. The report discussed the history of Intel and how it made a shift from a RAM manufacturing firm to a computer chip manufacturing company owing to tough competition from Japanese and other competitors.

This study utilized the articles and reports of authentic journals and working papers published by educational, financial and environmental institutions. The findings suggest that perceptions of political and legal nature, corruption, and economic risk can hinder project finance and foreign investments in the Indian market.

Financial performance alone is not an indicator reflecting the level of service to the clients.  The achievement of eradication of poverty, the primary social objective, and the sustainability of the MFIs need active support on the part of the government and the NGOs and the involvement of a dedicated workforce in their service to the community.  

Different types of errors and risks can occur in any stage of the said operation. The company was able to identify the possible risks and presented ways to resolve them. Included in the said risks in the supplier systems are a decline in business relations, losing competitive advantage, poor quality of purchased products, and raw parts scarcity.

The hospitality researchers have particularly been trying to cater to this segment but there is little research available on this segment. The needs and wants of the mature consumers have gained importance. To explore the major and specific needs of the elderly, five objectives for the study were set in the first chapter.

The basic aim of almost every business (except Not-for-profit organizations) is to make a profit for their respective owners. Before starting any business, the owner who injects the capital, i.e. the ones who do the business, tends to evaluate all different options before taking initiating a business. Investors evaluate and predict the outcomes.

As a member of the AICPA, Harold Potter has some responsibilities to his customers and the wider society. This is because the AICPA has rules that each member has to adhere to. In the case at hand, there are nine cogent issues that are either breaches or high risk events that could make Harold Potter liable to several actions by the AICPA which could be as severe as getting his membership taken away from him.

In this section, essential cost and revenue assumptions are given in relation to the expectation on the ground. In particular, some of the cost assumptions for the business will include all costs related to production, operations, marketing, and taxes. Costs arising from production and operations include commodities and wages, while the latter include advertising and government taxes among others.

BSkyB provides an assortment of channels which includes entertainment along with news and also sports channels which makes its service quite diversified. However, ESPN witnesses increased competition and also complexities in this context. The organization offers channels that are dedicated to sports.

Finance and accounting Name: Course name: Course instructor: Date: Introduction According to Judge Holmes presentation on finance and accounting, accounting is a type of business function which basically involves recording and also reporting financial information for the internal and the external users.

There are several ways of raising short term funds for the business which are: a. Commercial Loan and bank overdrafts Commercial loans are loans usually provided by banks for the financing needs of a business. Commercial banks typically offer straight term loans to credit lines that would be used in the various operation of the business (Raiborn 2010).

the Bank of England, took certain measures, such as “quantitative easing approach”, to control the impact of financial distress on the economy and gain the momentum for growth (Joyce, Tong and Woods). The approaches adopted by the Bank of England in this regard have been criticized by many.

It records the business revenues and the operating expenses of a business for a given duration. It is among the most basic records needed by bankers, investors and vendors before making crucial decisions, and can also be applied in real life. All people use accounting statements in their daily life.

59). Efficient working capital management is essential in the sense that cases of bankruptcy can be avoided because the business is able to balance needs and obligations. Therefore in understanding the significance of working capital management, focus is shifted towards its importance in budgeting and investment appraisal.

This company has three outstanding market brands that include Mobile SHC, mobile Devlag, and mobile 1 lubricant. Many types of equipment and vehicle manufacturers trust Exxon for the delivery of technologically superior products. The company has a dense network of stations and distributor channels throughout the world where its products can be found. 

The company wishes to approach the Brazilian market in a distinct way since Brazilians need to experience more than just cars. Thus, it seeks to deliver the best possible customer satisfaction. If Brazilian government agrees to help, the company will need a total amount of $ 600 million US dollars to be functional.

ENERSYS financials has consistently yielded positive results for its shareholders as its earnings per share have increased every year. The competitor that I have chosen for comparison is Exide Technologies Limited. I will benefit from this analysis because of the fact that ENERSYS financials are pleasing to the eye and because it is a very well known firm, its financial analysis will produce valuable and interesting results.

Conformity with the audit standards is a requirement that every corporate business organization is supposed to follow. The audit report is an independent report issued by external auditors subsequent to getting hold of and evaluating complete information concerning declarations and statements on the subject of financial activities and proceedings

The major physician group practices bought by the Candescent Partners include Koch Eye Associates, Candescent Healing, Odyssey Healthcare, Inc, SemperCare, Inc, and Dynamic Imaging, Inc. This business strategy benefits the organization to eliminate establishment costs and initial launching challenges.

These tasks are manually performed by accountants or bookkeepers in most small organizations, though they can be accomplished through computer software to guarantee accuracy and easy reporting. The procedures are vital since they produce financial books; the basis of financial statements.

When banks are operating at optimum efficiencies they are essential to the growth of the modern economy, facilitating spending and investments, allowing homes to be purchased, and businesses to expand. Acting as financial intermediaries they are a “…vital part of a nation’s economy.” (Larson, 2011)

The annual report contains the financial statements of a company. The four major financial statements are the income statement, balance sheet, statement of retained earnings, and the statement of cash flow. One of the most effective tools to analyze the financial performance of an enterprise is ratio analysis.

The debate over companies’ executive compensation in the recent past has been run in the highest possible tone. This is following the incommensurate pay they receive in the company’s overall performance. The executives’ pay has been discussed for a long time with the recent financial crunch just rekindling the debate.

This approach encourages bankers to choose a strategy with high leverage and risky investments so as to drive the performance. When realized returns on assets are above the borrowing rate, realized ROE is increased by leverage by enlarging the impact of rise in asset values on earnings.

Organizations throughout the world are massively dependent upon the financial planning phase. In every business endeavor, financial analysis is considered as moral fiber. Financial analysis and planning signify meeting organizational strategic goals and objectives on a monetary basis. It is the fiscal estimation of each and every organizational activity to be carried out.

Financial information about some of the listed companies was missing for which the Chinese database RESET was used as the supplementary source. Apart from this, the annual report of some of the companies was also checked. The data that are considered for the study is from 2011. Statistical software has been used to analyze the collected data SPSS.

This essay discusses that the financial statements provide adequate and important information in relation to performances as well as financial securities of a company. In the present business scenario, financial statements or audit reports play an important role for companies to present their financial performances, objectives.

The net profit figures help in inferring that the business is not consistent in generating a net profit by increasing the sales revenue. In November, the net profit figure was has been very low as compared to the profit figures in January, March, and April. The business should make efforts for bringing consistency in its business performance. 

The theory maintains that when a new product is introduced by an organization, it is intended to be produced at home in order to place it close to the consumers. As the production of the products continues due to the high demand at home, they become mature and the firm starts to export to other countries where the demand for the products is high.

Emphasizing corporate social responsibility has become a core part of the public policies for the development of private sectors within the framework of international cooperation development. It is considered a deliberate choice for an enterprise to give back to the community and to respond the environment crises while maintaining relations with the shareholders and stakeholders based on dialogue and transparency

The subprime mortgage crisis that had taken place in the economy of the U.S. was responsible for a series of events in the global economy. This event is of much importance as the subprime crisis was indirectly responsible for the financial crisis in the global economy and the subsequent recession that had begun since 2008.

One of the limitations of the model is that the investors are solely interested in the return of the investment and the rate at which the investment gives return whereas it is not the case. Investors invest in the securities so as to earn profit which shall be either in the case of interest that the security gives upon the investment or by means of capital gain that when the price of the security gets high then the investor sells the investment and earn a capital gain.

During that time the group has doubled its revenues, trebled its order book and increased its profits more than four times. During 2012, the order book rose by four per cent, underlying revenues increased by eight per cent and underlying profits grew by 24 per cent (ROLLS-ROYCE PLC, 2013, pg 43).

Information technology comes in by capitalizing on the requirement for green technology that carbon tax will necessarily generate and helping provide the know-how, expertise and research to contribute to the green revolution.

The report is organized into distinct sections that begin with an introduction to career choices in finance followed by the details of Finance Controller and Actuary career. Each of these two career options are explained in terms of job responsibilities, working conditions, training and educational requirements, licenses and other qualifications, job prospects and salary.

The study has also been based on two broad objectives namely: to identify the effect of misvaluation on mergers and acquisitions as well as to analyze the role of mergers and acquisitions in the competitive business environment. The literature reviewed showed that mergers and acquisitions do not guarantee the success of a business due to several reasons.