Essays on birth defects

The paper "Potent Birth Defects" discusses that the NHS Fetal Anomaly Screening Programme was established in 2003 under the auspices of the Department of Health. The program aimed at establishing standards and implementing screening for all women in England.... Formation of a baby after conception is the most amazing act of nature. Advances in medical sciences in the last hundred years or so have unfolded the intricacies of human birth to a great extent; however, one cannot ignore the fact that one...

"What is the Relationship between Folic Acid and Birth Defects" paper argues that folic acid supplementation for women before conception, and during pregnancy, is necessary to prevent neural tube defects, as well as to reduce the risk of preterm births, and the development of Birth Defects. ... Lastly, I firmly believe that socioeconomic factors do influence the quality and quantity of nutrition that a pregnant woman receives. Health agencies need to identify areas of the world where women lack...

"Analysis of the Study Titled Are Children With Birth Defects at Higher Risk of Childhood Cancers" paper examines the study that makes effort to establish a concrete association between Birth Defects and the risk of childhood cancer. Genetic factors may lead to physical deformities in the newborn. ... Birth Defects among children are huge concerns and their higher risk of cancer makes the children as well as the parents vulnerable to social and emotional insecurity. The identification of causes and...

espite the possibilities for Birth Defects, most studies support the idea of continuing mood-stabilising medications all throughout pregnancy to reduce the likelihood of relapse or recurrence of manic or depressive episodes (Yonkers, et al.... Studies conducted during the 1970's when psychotropic drugs were still subjected to tests revealed that the use of such drugs caused Birth Defects in infants, whose mothers were using medications while pregnant.... Due to these pre-determined risks for the growing foetus women under mood-stabilising drugs tend to stop medications once they learned about their pregnancies, in order to prevent the progression of possible Birth Defects....

This essay "Gene Determination" focuses on the birth defect of the sex organs (Genital Birth Defects) that result in a problem with assigning a definite sex to a newborn child is known as Ambiguous Genitalia or Atypical Genitalia.... Birth defect of the sex organs (Genital Birth Defects) that result in a problem with assigning a definite sex to a newborn child is known as Ambiguous Genitalia or Atypical Genitalia (Committee on Genetics, 2000, Birth Defects, 2005)....

Many Birth Defects are a.... oncerning the baby born with a birth defect, the advancement in Ethics/Legal Ethics/Legal in Nursing Congenital abnormalities are also referred to as Birth Defects and can be structural or functional.... Many Birth Defects are a result of environmental factors, for example, where a pregnant woman is exposed to chemicals and radiation at the first trimester of pregnancy.... Structural defects involve a specific body part missing after birth while the functional defect is where the problem is inborn into the body chemistry....

High fever, liver infection, and Birth Defects have been traced to water pollution caused by contaminated wastewater discharged into a public lake or beach (Nester et al, 2001).... Water pollution is the contamination of our rivers, lakes, public beaches, and drinking water by unwanted agents known to cause illness, disease, and death....

Other possible causes include lack of sufficient blood flow, exposure to teratogenic agents, substances that cause Birth Defects, and genetic factors3.... This particular case showed Birth Defects presented as deformed small version of the normal limbs.... Another subsequent case was seen in the Birth Defects that resulted from Agent Orange exposure, the defoliant of the United States used in Vietnam, as well as the exposure to the radiation near the Chernobyl disaster site in Russia which left many children with absent limbs and malformed limbs....

t is also reported that the time window of the exposure is also imperative to cause Birth Defects.... Minor defects are found in 2-3% of the population while large morphological types of congenital defects like cleft palate or meningomyelocele are the defects that alter function.... The agent should produce congenital defects in an experimental animal.... It is also discussed that agents that are known to cause embryonic or fetal death in experimental animals often prove to be teratogenic in humans also but they cannot be categorized as teratogenic unless they produce physical or functional defects (Kalter, 1968). ...

As the age of the mother progresses chances of Birth Defects augments.... National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, n.... Congenital Birth Defects are difficult to treat still, with the prevalence of disease condition research studies are going on to formulate a definite cure for the disease condition.... Age of onset Down Syndrome is a birth defect which is influenced by the age of the mother.... For instance, if the age of mother is 25 then chances of giving birth to the child with Down Syndrome is 1 in 1,250 where as if the age of mother is 45 years, the chances of baby with Down Syndrome becomes 1 in 30 (Web....

The implication is that even small amount of drinking exposes the baby to Birth Defects especially being born with low weight and also raising the risk of difficulties in speech, learning, attention span, hyperactivity and language prematurity (Jacobson & Jacobson, 2013).... Nonetheless, research indicates that mothers who consume even a little amount of alcohol are at higher risks of developing Birth Defects than the nondrinkers (Skagerström, Alehagen, Häggström-Nordin, Årestedt & Nilsen, 2013)....

Birth Defects or Health Problems Associated With Down Syndrome ... This is because the genetic aberration causes Birth Defects, the most notable of which is congenital heart disease and other cardiovascular anomalies such as ventricular septal defects where practically 40% of those with DS are afflicted with.... Other Birth Defects that those with DS may carry with them are pulmonary hypertension; hearing loss due to ear structure aberration or fluid buildup in the inner ear; vision difficulties such as near and farsightedness and cataracts; ...

Increased blood pressure and heart rate in the mother can also lead to more complications as far as Birth Defects and other illnesses that can be born with the baby.... If a mother takes these drugs while she is pregnant, it can result in Birth Defects and abnormalities which could possibly lead to premature labor, still borns, or the death of the baby after birth.... Often in the case of pregnancy, many mothers are forced to remain away from work in order to prepare for the birth as well as make preparations....

Alternatively, inability to control environmental agents results to Birth Defects that double the potentiality of autism in individuals.... This scenario is corroborated by environmental issues that include consuming particular foodstuffs that contain metals leading severe Birth Defects.... Therefore, children are increasingly developing autism in cases where older parents have not been counseled on against giving birth.... This results to risk factors that are often associated with prenatal stresses endangering birth for the parent....

These drugs result in a range of genetic abnormalities, accounting for almost 10% of Birth Defects, the severity of which depends on the extent of use and the amount used.... These drugs result in a range of genetic abnormalities, accounting for almost 10% of Birth Defects, the severity of which depends on the extent of use and the amount used.... With regards to age, teenage mothers and those over thirty five years have a higher chance of Birth Defects, miscarriage and premature birth compared to mothers in the prime reproduction years (Berk, 2012)....

The aim of this paper “Mercury: A Toxicological Review” is to discuss various effects that mercury has on the human body, and relationship between it, especially in regards to autism and Birth Defects.... There are various effects that mercury has on the human body, and relationship between it, especially in regards to autism and Birth Defects, must be carefully and critically addressed.... he toxicological effects of Mercury and the correlation to Birth Defects and autism are significant in this issue....

Further, there is no clear link established between Bendectin and Birth Defects.... Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation (1985), the crucial matter in dispute was whether defendant Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation should be held liable for plaintiff Katie Wells' Birth Defects, which were allegedly caused by a spermicide the defendant manufactured.... The judge had to determine whether Mary Maihafer's use of Ortho's spermicide, after she had become pregnant with Katie Wells and was unaware of the fact, contributed to her child's Birth Defects....

The authors of this article, Elliot and Coker, utilize research from other sources in order to support the overall argument that babies exposed to crack cocaine are likely to develop severe Birth Defects which will impact their overall growth and development in later years(Elliot and Coker, 1991).... Ultimately, these types of Birth Defects contribute to lower academic achievement levels, behavioral problems, and learning disabilities(Elliot and Coker, 1991)....

Medical studies have classified Down syndrome as one of the most prevalent Birth Defects.... own syndrome According to March Dimes Foundation, the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Genetics have found that Down syndrome is a chromosomal condition which involves a number of Birth Defects (par 1).... The pattern of prevalence of Down syndrome Medical studies have classified Down syndrome as one of the most prevalent Birth Defects.... Appendix: Article used on Down syndrome Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder that includes a combination of Birth Defects....

hiteclay (1999) asserts that many people who were exposed to the gallons of defoliants sprayed in Vietnam during the war by American solders suffer Birth Defects to date.... ccording to Alexander (2000), an estimated 200 000 babies who from the 3rd generation of the war victims suffer malformations and serious Birth Defects majorly affecting the immune system as well as the nervous system.... The percentage of the Birth Defects is higher in areas inhabited by the people who were exposed to the defoliant in regards to the national percentage....

In the early 1960's there was a sleeping tranquilizer/morning sickness agent given to women containing thalidomide; a drug with harmful teratogenic effects producing serious Birth Defects during the early gestational development period.... Thousands of babies were born without limbs, as well as other Birth Defects.... When she discovered the potential for Birth Defects, she decided to abort her five month fetus.... Partial birth abortion is when labor is induced and the infant is delivered except for the head, which is then opened at the base of the skull and a suction catheter removes the brain, killing the infant....

Of all the preventable Birth Defects and developmental disorders, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is the most common.... Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Cover Page Introduction Of all the preventable Birth Defects and developmental disorders, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is the most common.... Fetal Alcohol Syndrome—the number one preventable cause of Birth Defects and developmental disorders in the United States—was first given its name in 1973 (Warren, Hewitt, & Thomas, 2011)....

The researcher of this paper will attempt to evaluate and discuss the benefits of stem cells in the medical industry and the disadvantages associated with using the stem cells.... It will also explore researcher's personal opinion on the issue of stem cells.... .... ... ... The report will cover the following: advantages and applications of stem cells; treatment of genetic diseases; treatment of diseases that require organ transplant; understanding human and animal development; arguments against the use of stem cells; ethical considerations; flaws in the use of stem cell therapies and normal development interruption....

The movie highlights the difficulties that parents face while raising a child with Birth Defects.... But it does highlight the difficulties that parents face while raising a child with Birth Defects.... Moreover when it came to the performance of children with Birth Defects on the stage the whole family was present to support Charlie. ... Any couple can have a child with Birth Defects.... This movie gives a first-hand experience of what it feels like to be parenting a child with Birth Defects....

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is the leading known preventable cause of Birth Defects.... re-natal exposure to alcohol is one of the top three known preventable causes of Birth Defects, mental retardation and neurodevelopment disorders (National Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, 2011).... According to Dasgupta (2011), a collection of Birth Defects arising from pre-natal alcohol exposure were identified in 1973, as a clinical entity named fetal alcohol syndrome....

These substances are responsible for numerous Birth Defects in the United States.... As a result, a large number of unborn children are at a high risk of being born with multiple Birth Defects.... Furthermore, drugs have various health effects that range from reduced immunity of the body to Birth Defects in newborn....

Birth Defects, noise, ototoxic drugs, fever, or trauma may cause this type of loss.... In addition, sensorineural hearing loss can be classified in several ways: noise-induced, presbycusis, sociocusis, or due to Birth Defects, congenital problems, disease, injury, or drugs (NOISE EFFECTS HANDBOOK )....

Birth Defects and accidental problems can be corrected with the help of plastic surgery.... Many of the Birth Defects and, body marks, burn marks, facial problem etc can be corrected with help of plastic surgery.... It is normally performed to correct some kind of Birth Defects such as cleft lip or cleft palate etc and also to reconstruct some of the body features destroyed by accidents and illnesses.... Birth Defects and accidental problems can be corrected with the help of plastic surgery....

Pregnancy infections have accounted for 2% - 3% of all the Birth Defects worldwide.... Among the Birth Defects reported by medical practitioners, not all of them are screened during the prenatal care.... This poses a great challenge in the treatment of defects in the future when the child is born.... The defects are a potential threat to the unborn child if it is not well attended....

‘Scientists estimate that periconceptional use could reduce neural Birth Defects by 50% to 60%.... Folic acid is … can help prevent Birth Defects known as neural tube defects [10].... Folic acid seems to be a vital biochemical and physiological agent, it is important that ESCs implement its policy of introducing folic acid in pregnancy to help expectant mothers carry pregnancies to term, avoid Birth Defects and hence give birth to healthy children....

In 1961 thalidomide was linked with Birth Defects ('Standing up for science',n.... About 15,000 children suffered deforming Birth Defects and many died because of it.... Later, serious Birth Defects were observed when it was retested on pregnant animals.... This was followed by the birth of the first cloned mammal Dolly, (Wilmut....

Evidence has documented that if thalidomide is taken during pregnancy, it may result into severe Birth Defects.... Thalidomide was initially sold from 1957 in various countries until 1961 when it was associated with Birth Defects and withdrawn from the market.... The relationship between the drug and defects in birth were suspected by Australian obstetrician, McBride William, and the German pediatrician, Lenz Widukind....

A report released in June 2011 linked Monsanto's Roundup herbicide with Birth Defects in chicken and frog embryos (Food First 2011).... om/india/news/150000-tribal-farmers-to-get-hybrid-corn-seeds/362620/ [Accessed on 31th August, 2011] Food First (2011) Roundup and Birth Defects - Is the public being kept in the dark?... rg/en/Roundup+ready+soybeans,+pesticides,+birth+defects [Accessed on 31th August, 2011] Forget The Box (2011) Monsanto: The King of Corporate Evil http://www....

Studies estimate that about 3-5% of all newborns have some form of Birth Defects and most of which can be detected during prenatal testing.... However, in some cases such Birth Defects of the child might remain undetected during pregnancy.... More recently people from the medical and legal fraternity are emphasizing the need to permit after-birth abortions in cases when deformities of the child are detected only after birth.... After-birth abortion: why should the baby live?...

Birth Defects have been witnessed in the recent past because many people consume unhealthy foods that affect their reproductive systems.... Some of these impacts are irreversible, for example, Birth Defects.... The essay "Omnivore's Dilemma Critique" focuses on the critical analysis of the book Omnivore Dilemma authored by Michael Pollan in 2006....

It can lead to prostrate disorders, Birth Defects and delayed puberty.... This process can lead to inappropriate speed up or shut down of the cellular process.... The organism studied in the research is the African Clawed Frog.... This is an.... ... ... The pesticide in the study is Altrazine, a herbicide used with monocot crops such as corn....

Some of the other effects caused by maternal drinking ranges from an increase in the number of stillbirths, an increase in the number of Birth Defects, increased developmental delays to Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and an increased death rate.... 2005) Due to this Fatal Alcohol Syndrome, children that are born are mostly with less dramatic physical defects but with many of the same behavioral and psychosocial characteristics as those with FAS.... Babies can born with low birth weight, low birth length, and with a small head circumference resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure....

Down syndrome is very common and is the cause of many Birth Defects in humans (Selikowitz 6).... Down syndrome can be diagnosed at birth: the doctor can look at the appearance of the baby or listen to the baby's chest using a stethoscope.... Down syndrome can be diagnosed at birth: the doctor can look at the appearance of the baby or listen to the baby's chest using a stethoscope....

Usually, duodenal atresia brings about other Birth Defects as well.... In duodenal atresia, the duodenum is closed and thus does not allow the stomach contents to pass.... The first report of duodenal obstruction was published by Calder in 1733.... ... ... Although there is lack of sufficient evidence for the causes of duodenal atresia, yet it is believed that it may result during the developmental stages of an embryo when the duodenum failed to change its form from solid to tubular....

According to Sachdeva et al (2009) two to three per cent of all Birth Defects result from substance abuse during pregnancy.... Fetuses aged 3-8 weeks are highly vulnerable to Birth Defects due to the organogenesis that takes place during this period.... These defects arise from the use of drugs and alcohol during pregnancy.... hysical effects of substance use include low birth weight, pre mature delivery, small head circumference, heart defects, abnormal bone development, auditory and visual problems, heart problems, kidney defects and withdrawal symptoms....

Topic: Issues to consider when a neighborhood may be exposed to Hazardous Emissions Table of Content Introduction…………………………………………………… Page 1 Elemental Phosphorus………………………………………… Page 2 Human Exposure of White Phosphorus………………....

Emissions from industries, automobiles and tobacco smoke are some of the major outdoor air pollutants, released in form of noxious gases, aerosols, particulate matter, and smoke in the.... ... ... Some of the toxic gases that pollute air include sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, chlorofluorocarbons, and carbon dioxide among other gases....

ENV 255 Bhopal, India 1984 Instructor Name February 11, 2013 Around midnight on December 2, 1984 an operator working at a Bhopal chemical plant in India noticed high pressure in tank 610 which was unusual.... This was reported to the production assistant and a few minutes past minute on December 3, 1984 the assistant noticed that a disc had ruptured and a safety valve had burst....

For example, in children, it involves correction of deformities or reconstruction of physical Birth Defects.... This scholarship essay "Applying to Medical School " presents reconstructive surgery that is all about the reconstruction of an abnormality usually a congenital defect, a traumatic result, or maybe a result of an infection....

s per California Birth Defects Monitoring Program, a pregnancy obesity is suggested as a risk factor for having offspring with an abdominal wall defect.... iabetes in expectant mothers increases the chances of Birth Defects and other problems for the baby.... Appropriate health care before and during pregnancy will help prevent Birth Defects and other outcomes, such as miscarriage or stillbirth. ... The study evaluated this hypothesis among 104 cases of gastroschisis, in which severe birth defect of the abdominal wall were most prevalent in infants of young women and 220 controls with no defect were analysed....

Percocet that is widely used in the U.... .... medical practice to relieve sever pain.... It explores potential effects and precautions of Percocet prescription and use in the nursing practice with focus on pregnant women and Percocet's impact on a fetus.... ... ... Addiction to Percocet 1.... Introduction This paper provides an overview of an addictive painkiller Percocet that is widely used in the U....

Furthermore, drugs and the effects of pollution can inversely affect the healthy growth of the developing child and cause it to experience Birth Defects, congenital health issues, and or a host of behavioral problems that may not be immediately visible and/or take time to fully develop....

Those opposing the use of multiple CT scans believe that the radiation that a patient is exposed to during frequent CT scans, especially when monitoring the progression of disease or the effectiveness of a particular treatment approach, is enough to produce genetic mutations that lead to stochastic health threats to an individual, including cancer and Birth Defects.... Those opposing the use of multiple CT scans believe that the radiation that a patient is exposed to during frequent CT scans, especially when monitoring the progression of disease or the effectiveness of a particular treatment approach, is enough to produce genetic mutations that lead to stochastic health threats to an individual, including cancer and Birth Defects (US Environmental Protection Agency, 2011)....

Because some of the products can also contain steroids that can get into the bloodstream, they can cause Birth Defects and other unexpected internal problems.... The paper "Risks of Using Skin Bleaching" will begin with the statement that one of the more popular beauty products on the market today is actually a range of products all designed to do the same thing....

In children, it can be caused by Birth Defects involving the heart and heart muscles such as abnormal heart valves or blood vessel connection.... The paper "Pathophysiology: Left-Sided Congestive Heart Failure" describes the common causes of left-sided congestive heart failure and the disorders that typically result in left-sided failure explaining the classic signs and symptoms of left-sided failure....