Engineering and Construction Essays

Efficient energy use can be achieved by improving the fermentation process, improving the product recovery steps and betterment in processing steps downstream. For instance, considering energy balance, 856.321 kW of energy is produced due to an exothermic reaction in the fermenter – which could be utilized in the drier section.

According to Ward-Harvey (2009), installing a gutter on the ceiling is one of the most critical factors that an individual should consider after deciding on the type of tiles to be used. Channels serve multiple roles in the house. First, they have an appealing aesthetic value that is highly attractive to the eye of the viewer.

The kinematic wave model performed well in southern Australia but less satisfactorily in the Lagan. This indicated that it required calibration in a catchment where it is intended for use. Although both models can be used for direct runoff hydrograph generation, the Nash model seemed more accurate and versatile.

In addition, a poor working environments and health conditions could contribute significantly to reduced levels of concentration of the employees, which in turn increases accident risks. Within the construction industry, the major feature is the high turnover of labor, frequently changing working conditions, and the environment (Poon, Tang & Wong, 2008). In addition, the other feature is the distinct work that the contractors undertake simultaneously.

In management contracts, the employer contracts consultants that prepare the project design specification and a management contractor who will oversee the construction work to completion. The management contractor is selected based on the specifications they provide, the pricing and time schedules they will use in the execution.

When tested in the laboratory, the engineering materials usually fail to reach the theoretical strength. This implies that the material performance in service is different from the expected performance, hence components designs normally implore the engineer to help in minimizing failures of the materials (Johnson et al., 2015).

The growing substrate ensures gas exchange at the roots, supports the roots and supplies nutrients and water to the plant roots. The growing substrate consists of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials (Victoria, 2014). The proportion of organic materials should be low since it is usually water repellant hence not easy to re-wet.

Australian assembling would need to depend totally on exports, which may be fine aside from Australian expenses are high and different nations have non-tariff and tariff barriers on processed imports. They are glad to purchase our assets duty-free, from which to make their own particular makes, yet producers are generally protected.

These concerns have led to the development and utilization of alternative sources of energy. The main alternatives to fossil fuels are solar, water, biomass, and wind energy. This is because of the environmentally friendly nature of these alternative sources of energy. Another way has been to create catalysts that can reduce air pollution resulting from the burning of fossil fuels.

I was able to learn that even when it is cloudy or post-sunset, storage systems can be integrated into CSP power plants that store heat involved in power generation (Harsha 6).  A fluid with high thermal capacity stores the heat from the concentration when there is the sun. The capacity factor of the CSP plant is thus improved. 

Environmental and safety issues should be in the top list of factors to be considered in expanding the road. The contracted company, should consider choosing between the gravity wall and reinforced earth walls depending on the outcome of their analysis regarding the time of soil, the urgency of the project, construction specification.

The use of sampling techniques helps in filtering information. It makes work easier. For instance, as opposed to an examination of all the affected individuals and institutions, the sample will focus on the main areas where the renewable energy systems have been integrated accordingly and extrapolate into the other areas in terms of different priorities.

Maintenance of various systems is an important step towards realizing effective operation and subsequent production in mechanical systems. It has been adopted by the different fields of operation, and the oil refinery industry has also undertaken effective maintenance steps. The underlying impetus for the adoption of maintenance is the oil refinery industry.

The ancient materials for the construction like concrete, solid concrete blocks, hollow blocks, concrete paving slabs, and tiles have been produced from the available natural resources (Calkins  2009). Obtaining these materials from natural resources brings damage to the natural environment and reduce the availability of natural resources.

Costs for skilled labor, resources, and time play a critical role when it comes to enterprises that are service-oriented where customers are billed against man-hours (Sridharan and Berry, 1990). The bottom line in any business is sustainable and be able to survive is having a cash flow through making transactions in goods and services. 

Very bright colors may also be used to paint the inside parts of the office walls so that minimal loss of warmth from the inside of the building occurs. This tuning aspect will ensure that the inside of the building remains warm. The use of wooden tiles will also be a necessary building tuning parameter that will have to be factored in. 

Sustainable development is not only a millennium development goal, but has been an issue of concern over the last three decades after the world realised that too much carbon emissions could destroy the planet. Various measures of energy conservation and reduction have since being employed the world over to deal with the pollution menace.

This is essential both during the early design stages of the project as well as in the subsequent stages of construction. Such safety measures are necessary for construction work, and the parties whose interests are taken care of by such assessments are the site workers, the passers-by, the project’s end-users, and the general public.

Owing to the many developmental projects in the world today, there is a lot of construction work in many areas. Regardless of the magnitude of the project, the presence of risks in the project cannot be underestimated. Professionals in all construction works should always give risk assessment of their projects a first priority.

The field of construction is increasingly becoming a high-risk industry particularly with respect to the technological advancements that have been continuously witnessed in recent years. There are high risks involved in construction works evidenced by the fact that most projects end up not meeting their deadlines, project costs, and required standards.

The digital cameras and most equipment used during the process of data collection can only read the information in the MicroSD chips. The microSD chips are widely used for information storage during the exploration process. Its use may not be effective based on the risk of data loss. The loss of data is a major problem when using the MicroSD cards.

The imminent evolution of the car industry across the globe is directly related to the numerous forms of innovations made in fuels, vehicle components, societal structures as well as transformations in their respective manufacturing practices. The real transformation of the automobile came about as a result of the creation of the engine.

A centrifugal pump is a type of hydraulic pump mostly preferred within domestic and industrial setups. In addition, the pump is used to induce the flow or increase the pressure of the liquid and works simply compared to other types of hydraulic pumps. At the heart, it has an impeller and a series of fitted curved vanes inside the shroud plates.

Traffic engineering remains an area within transportation engineering that deals with effectiveness and efficiency in dealing with safe, adequate planning, traffic operations, and geometric design of highways, superhighways, streets, as well as their terminals, networks, as well as the abutting land relationships.

Engineers need to ensure that they apply and make use of all available literature and theory to come up with structures with adequate design. This report sets out to give a summary of the case study; a discussion of how the existing problem was solved as well as a discussion of the role that social responsibility plays in the engineering practice.

Mayukwayukwa is a refugee camp located in Kaoma. It is one of the oldest refugee camps and is a predominantly rural settlement. The project aims to design a playground and recreational facility for children using locally available materials in Zambia. The recreational program will be started with the help of the local people in construction. 

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The use of machines is vital in ensuring that activities are carried out within a short period of time. Adequate human resources are also required in order to ensure efficiency in the management of the activities in the critical path. Wastage of resources including the materials should be avoided during the project.

Numerous stages exist in the equalization process. The first step is the verification of the battery that is flooded in type. The second approach is the removal of all the loads from the battery. The third approach is connecting to the battery charger (Kadirvel et al. 2012). The fourth stage is setting the charger for the equalization voltage process.

The suspensions refer to the interconnections of the vehicle parts such as the stabilizers, springs, as well as shock absorbers and wheels to enhance the comprehensive purpose of car road-holding. The suspension system is pragmatically positioned to support the cars driving pressure and compromising the instability that is prompted by the road vibrations.

The blocks of the engine and pistons are casting, the materials used are mainly aluminum. The sterling cycle of the engine has two piston cylinders, a heat regenerative exchanger, a combustion chamber, and a crankshaft among other passageways for the fluids that make the operation effective.

Waste in the manufacturing process can be defined as any operation process that does not add value to the customers. Lean manufacturing aims at removing or eliminating or reducing such processes in the manufacturing procedures. The wastes can be summarised into seven types. First is the over-production which entails the product made for no particular customer.

Electric vehicles are the future generation of car designs in the world due to the increased efficiency the vehicles possess. This is concerning better environmental benefits such as reduced noise pollution. Electric vehicles have an increased power regulation process, which is a key advantage in energy efficiency.

At the organizational level, Six Sigma simply means a precise way to measure quality. In other words, it is a precise method to which quality in an organization can be measured. The study was conducted through three distinct models: critical theory model; post-positivist model; and positivist model. Six Sigma can be used for constraints management and general manufacturing process.

Aesthetically, many amputees prefer t have the artificial limbs covered to look just like the rest of other body parts. The material used for this purpose is silicone. This is because it can be designed to match the flesh's colour and hue to a great degree. In fact, it can be painted or coloured to match any colour or tone of the flesh.

On 29th, July 1995, the owner and the chief architect of the Sampoong department stores in South Korea were hit by the harsh reality of the failure of the store that left over 550 people dead while 937 sustained injuries of ranging severity. The problem is that the construction team did not adhere to structural precautions in erecting the structure.

The bridge is also supposed to have a reinforced concrete abutment on either bank of the river, 28 meters in length and 24 meters in width. In the same design, the steel arch bridge consists of a large angle alongside flat and box sections whose principal function is to fabricate all structural components of the bridge.

As per the user requirements, the 5 Series has the greater engine power, high, rigid aluminum body, smooth and covetable design that provides a hi-tech user experience. Consequently, its contemporary technology design ensures the best and most comfortable interior environment for the driver and passengers.

Pollution and wastes impact the environment differently based on the toxicity and the nature of the wastes. The following are some impacts of these wastes on air, soil, water, vegetation, and humans. The wastes make the air smell. In addition, wastes create acidification whereby the air reacts with the components creating components that may harm the buildings, animals, and humans.

The uniqueness of the structure is also evident in terms of history and the engineering aspects. It is also evident that the structure has placed a mark in history as it became the tallest building in the world after its completion. On the other hand, it has also placed a mark in terms of engineering and construction for using a large amount of iron during its construction.

By 2010, the building, which serves as an observation tower, houses a restaurant and used for broadcasting purposes, became the tallest building in the country even before it reached its full design height of 634 meters. The building reached its full height in 2011 becoming the second tallest building in the world trailing behind Dubai’s Burj Khalifa, which is 828 meters tall.

A wide range of materials was used during the construction of the building. It is also evident that the design of the tower is complex due to several structures in the building. It is also evident that the best engineering practices were used during the construction of the complex building. This is indicated by the fact that no serious challenges were reported in relation to engineering.

In its engineering perspective, the complexity of the project and its expansive nature called for accurate engineering design and the correct choice of equipment and materials. Right from the commencement of the project, there were certain impacts that included eviction of residents, environmental destruction in terms of clearing forests, among others.

A critical concern in evaluating the essential health and safety requirements for better site layout design and organization is the hazards involved in site layout design and organization. For instance, Tombs and Whyte note that falls at construction site account for close to 50% of the total risks and hazards found in sites.

Therefore, there have been restrains that have been a causing major roadblock to use and application of solar energy for use. Thus, solar radiation concentration is one of the most viable solutions that are viable to increase the energy density of the solar radiation.

These forces are referred to as reaction forces. There are two main types of forces applied vertically to a loaded beam. These forces are Point loads and Distributed loads. These loads are distributed over a given length of the beam. This type of load is referred to as a uniformly distributed load (UDL)

Because inputs are sampled and stored for the duration of the scan, any changes that occur during the scanning process are not seen by the PLC program. Hence the scan places a restriction on the frequency of input that it can reliably detect. As such standard input and outputs of a PLC have limitations as to the speed with which they can respond.

Zeroth law of thermodynamics states that whenever two thermodynamic bodies are both in thermal equilibrium with another one, then the three bodies are in thermal equilibrium with each other. This means that the three systems are at the same temperature. The temperature scale is based on the zeroth law of thermodynamics.

Plastic is a material comprising of synthetic or semi-synthetic organics that are malleable and can be transformed into solid objects with different shapes (Duron, et al, 2008). According to Duron et al (2008), plastics are organic polymers of high molecular mass, and can also consist of other substances.

Assumed 40 hours per week (80 hours for two weeks) but assuming a working period of 50 min/ hour. This means that 50 minutes out of the 60 minutes within a one-hour period are used to perform earthwork. Cut operation: scrapers are used to remove the earth around the cut areas. Some of the earth volume cuts can be used to cover some of the fill areas.