Psychology Erikson's theory - Essay Example

PSYCHOLOGY Explain three basic principles of Eriksons theory of development Successful completion of each and every stage results in acquisition of basic virtues and a healthy personality. Basic virtues are attributive strengths which the ego can use to determination of subsequent crises. Crises happen at every stage of development. Erikson (1963) argue that these crises are psychosocial in nature because they engage psychological requirements of the individual conflicting with those of the society The theory holds that personality develops in a prearranged order, and picks up from the previous stage.

This is referred to as the epigenic principle and it holds that a crisis is the former stage will lead to a crisis in the next stage. 2. Micah comes from a middle-class family. Both parents work and he has two brothers and one sister. His friend Sheila is an only child and her father is the CEO of a large company. Sheilas mother can afford to stay at home. Describe some of the differences in terms of academic achievement, social skills, and self-esteem that you might expect to see between Sheila and Micah Micah will have lower self-esteem compared to Sheila.

Parental modeling is imperative and therefore, self-esteem starts with positive self-talk and positive modeling behaviors Academically, Micah will also perform poorer that Sheila if all other factors are held constant. The role of a parent in monitoring academic progress cannot be left in the hands of other siblings. Sheila will also demonstrate excellent social skills when compared to Micah as a result of her mother molding every new behavior that she will develop. In this case, the role of parenting in inculcating social skills can only be done by the parent without delegating. 3. Summarize Hollands typology of personality and work types.

Which personality type are you and how does this type match with the college major or career you have chosen (or are considering)?( I think I am type B personality and I am nursing student) According to Hollands theory, most persons are one of the six personality types: Investigative, Social, Artistic, Enterprising, Realistic, and Conventional. Social people like doing things to help other and they are good at teaching, nursing, counseling, or giving information. Artistic persons like doing creative art such as drama and music.

They like originality and are impressive. They make good actors and musicians among other creative art careers. Enterprising persons like leadership positions and they make good politicians and business people. Convectional persons generally avoid ambiguity and are very systematic. They like working as accountant of management positions. Investigative people value science and precision. They make very good government officials such as police, lastly, realistic people love practical things, they mae very good engineers and machine operators.

My personality is social and thus I love working with people. I am considering majoring in education so that I will become a teacher. 4. Briefly describe the concept of selective optimization with compensation. Give an example of this process. Selective Optimization with Compensation concept is a strategy for improving wellbeing and health in older adults in the society and a model for successful and peaceful ageing. The concept recommended that the senior citizens select and optimize their best abilities and most intact roles while compensating for losses and declines.

Overall, this concept suggests that seniors citizens take an active approach during their ageing process and set goals that are meaningful and attainable. For example An elderly person with poor eyesight but loves singing could focus more attention and time on singing, perhaps by being a part of a new choir, while reducing on time spent reading.