Understanding Borrowed Nursing Theories - Essay Example

Nursing Theories of Affiliation Nursing Theories Nursing theories are predefined approaches that guide nurses’ decisions, clarify concepts, and define goals and purposes of the nursing profession. These theories are indispensable in the nursing profession and, therefore; all nurses must be familiar with most of them. PM outlines three fundamental classifications of these theories which include unique, shared and borrowed theories. In addition, he gives a critical analysis of each of these categories and their relevance to the nursing profession.

In a similar fashion, this paper seeks to support PM’s opinion about these theories and their application in the nursing profession. Borrowed nursing theory is a theory which was originally designed to suite in another discipline, but later adapted also to fit in the nursing profession. However, it is worth understanding that the nursing perspective guides the reconceptualization of existing theories. Synthesis of the borrowed theory with the nursing perspective is essential; otherwise the focus of nursing will continue to remain within other disciplines.

Consequently, nursing problems will either not be addressed at all or addressed haphazardly. Therefore, theories from other disciplines must be incorporated into both the nursing milieu and to the nursing image of a human being to be meaningful to nursing (McEwen and Evelyn, 2007). Nurses heavily borrow theories from physical, biological and behavioral science disciplines and adapt them to nursing situations. As a result, a nursing theory emerges though tracing its origin on the original discipline.

A theory that is applicable in two or more different disciplines is referred to as shared theory. Examples of borrowed theories include the Von Bartlaffny’s general systems theory and Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs. In a case scenario, nurses can apply the Maslow’s theory to predict the needs that patients have not expressed clearly so that appropriate actions can be undertaken (Fawcett, 2005). For example, when a patient is admitted in the hospital, it is the duty of the nurses to organize a familiarization program for the patient, which helps them relieve anxiety and feel comfortable in the hospital environment.

Existence of borrowed theories certainly implies that unique theories also exist. These are theories which were specifically designed to guide nurses’ decisions, goals and actions that relate to their profession. While formulating these theories, the theorists base their opinions and assertions on experiences and researches that directly relate to nursing. Thereafter, the theories are documented and adopted to nursing situations. Nurses are expected to adhere to the steps or actions advanced by the theories when carrying out duties relating to their profession.

In his article, PM cites Leininger’s Cultural Diversity and Universality Theory as an example of unique theory. Leininger specifically advanced this theory to guide nurses’ decision when faced with situations that relate to cultural diversity. The theorist understood that culture determines people’s preferences and beliefs when it comes to medical care and treatment (Butts & Rich, 2008). For instance, there are those cultures and beliefs that do not advocate for blood transfusion. Nurses who are faced with such a challenge can consult the theory to guide them on the next plan of action.

In conclusion, I totally concur with PM on the discussion regarding to nursing and theories. These theories are critical in so far as ethical decision making process is concerned. Unique theories are those that are designed specifically to suite nursing profession. On the other hand, borrowed theories are adapted from other disciplines such as philosophy, biological and business. References McEwen, M., and Evelyn, M. (2007). Theoretical basis for nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Fawcett, J. (2005). Contemporary nursing knowledge: analysis and evaluation of nursing models and theories. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Co. Butts, J. B., & Rich, K. L. (2008). Nursing ethics across the curriculum and into practice. Sunbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett.