Graduate Unemployment in the Republic of China - Essay Example

Task Graduate Unemployment in the People’s Republic of China The forces of globalization and the rapid changes of the economic reforms in the People’s Republic of China has lead to the government policies to downsize state owned enterprises and change the government’s attention to support a competitive labor market. Therefore, the presence of globalization, political reform, and economic restructuring are making people in the Republic of China to lose jobs. The loss of jobs among the people of the Republic of China has lead to the economic and psychological contrast between workers and employers. This has lead to the turn of events among the citizens of the country whereby the workers have been laid off from their duties in various state owned companies. The presence of unemployment in the People’s Republic of China has led brought about the growth of personal challenges for unemployed workers and human resource policy challenges for the government. The unemployed population must find a way to cope up with the sudden change of their livelihood by searching for a similar means of making a living. In this paper, will focus on how college graduates deal with unemployment and how crime and corruption, along with social stability and mobility play a role in the PRC today. Furthermore, a detailed explanation of how unemployment creates serious problems with access to housing, education, and basic social services in the People’s Republic of China (Latham, 1-35). The employment situation in China for new college and university graduates seems to be unusual compared to the present working group. The presence of the graduate unemployment crisis in China portrays the possibility of the wasteful investment of scarce resources. This is due to the factor that plenty of capital has been invested in educating unemployed graduates, which could or else have been invested in job-creating productive programs in the country. The presence of a large population of unemployed graduates makes the job market be very competitive. Furthermore, the graduates are also to be blamed in this issue because they always have negative expectations under the pressure of seeking jobs. According, to surveys done by various research houses in the People’s Republic of China most of the graduating students prefer to get an employment contract first, then they would later reflect on pursuing a new job position which is what they really desire to be employed for an average of two years. This assumption by the graduating students makes it possible for the emergency of the underemployment and high turnover in the job market. In addition to this, the students will have lower levels of job satisfaction, job involvement, work commitment, and internal work motivation. Therefore, these issues will also bring the issue to the employers at the long run (Sato, 40-45). The People’s Republic of China seems to be experiencing the extreme increase of college graduates has outpaced the structural transition and rashly shifted the labor supply from semi-skilled manufacturing workers to more knowledge- intensive service professionals. This makes it the main reason for experts in the field and various scholars to emphasize that China requires extensive vocational training and industry engineering skills, which will help the country in solving its need for having manufacturing workers. Recently, a debate has emerged that economists say that the current situation of unemployment in China seems to portray that the country is running out of surplus labor. The presence of the unemployment population among the youth is a very complex social problem whereby it must be solved urgently. In the People’s Republic of China, the youthful population is termed to be highly educated because most of the youth are graduates. According to the nature of the economic status of the People’s Republic of China, the graduates are unwilling to choice factory work whereby they opt to compete for office-based positions. It is evident that graduates are four times as likely to be unemployed while compared to urban residents of the same age with only essential education status, even as factories go looking for semi-skilled workers. It is evident that China has created a serious divergence between skills of the labor force and available jobs due to the factor that the current nature of the underdeveloped service sector and still-large roles of manufacturing and construction in the People’s Republic of China. As the economy moves up the value chain, replacing more capital-intensive manufacturing for unskilled labor-intensive gathering, a decrease of semi-skilled employees is rooming to evolve in the country. The emergency of the educated unemployment seems to be caused by the divergence between the ambitions of the graduates and the available employment opportunities in the job market. It is considered that there are two major factors that cause the graduate unemployment and underemployment. These factors include the incidence and duration of unemployment. The period of graduate unemployment seems to be rapidly declining function of age. Furthermore, it has been noticed that the main youth problem in finding jobs is that most graduates get a job after some time, and once they have obtained work experience in their respective field, find subsequent job search efforts relatively easier. The job market in China for graduates have common characteristics with other job markets in different countries. The increase in the number of unemployed graduates in China has been spearheaded by several factors. These factors include economic development and education policy making. The number of graduates has increased with an annual growth of 8% in China. The Chinese job market generates eight million jobs; however, these jobs are mainly involved with manufacturing processes. These jobs require low-level qualifications. This rising number of such kind of jobs has made employment an issue and a serious challenge for China. The advantage part of graduate unemployment is that there will be an increase in the number of people enrolling for postgraduate school education. This is because half of the graduates will consider joining postgraduate schools whereby they will develop their capability of seeking for expert jobs in the competitive market. However, many graduates remain unemployed or underemployed even after completing their postgraduate degree. Eventually, this factor gives many citizens of China to term technical college as a better long-term investment for high school graduates. Furthermore, the Chinese government has encouraged the unemployed graduates and the graduating students to go west to find jobs in their respective careers. This especially works in countries where there is the great need of their expertise in a certain fields; therefore, there is less competition in attaining a job. According to the local newspapers of China, the unemployed graduates have been offered voluntary jobs in their communities in order for them not to indulge in immoral social habits. The graduates offer volunteer services in various fields such as education, agriculture, health care, and cultural development. Furthermore, the People’s Republic of China has come up with a policy whereby the graduates will receive grants that will make them start their own businesses. This makes it possible for most of the graduates to have a great opportunity to be self-employed (Sato, 80-90) The presence of graduate unemployment is a multifaceted social problem that needs to be solved urgently by the government of the People’s Republic of China. This issue has led various sociologists to have assorted definitions of a social problem. This has made it possible for them to identify some familiar characteristics to differentiate between social problem from social condition, social issue, and personal problem. The sociologists have discovered that social problem progresses from undecided social condition and consensus social issue. Furthermore, the origin and effect of the social problem is social status amongst the population suffering from the social problem. Moreover, social problem is said to be present to the degree that it is so extensive that it affects a large population. This population includes the amount of individuals who are involved in the social problem is large as well as the number of people who are influenced is huge. Lastly, the sociologists have also discovered that a full-blown social problem also relies on an extensive agreement that the situation is mismatched with social values and norms. This makes it urgent for the issue to be solved hurriedly. The youth unemployment is identified as a social problem with its ongoing increased amount and agreed-upon acknowledgment by preponderance of people. A large number of people have the same opinion that high unemployment rate of graduates profound social influences and necessity to be solved. Furthermore, a matter worthy to be noticed is that a relatively large number of long-term unemployment or underemployment graduates become a serious indicator of emergency of bad social habits in the upcoming years if the situation still remains vibrant. It has been noted that unemployment leads to the emergence of poverty and corruption, which later leads to crime among the employed population. In China, it has been noted that crime, corruption, and poverty have increased due to the number of unemployed graduates in the country. This makes it an issue for the government because the government will have to deal with the unemployment in order to curb poverty, crime, and corruption in the county. The presence of long term and chronic unemployment among graduates make it possible for the lives of the graduates to be a big challenge leading them to indulge in crime in order to survive. Some graduates will go to the extent of bribing officers working in various organizations in order to get a job that will sustain their daily needs. This issue is rampant in countries where the social discrimination factor is not very strong. This indicates that less education and fewer graduates’ unemployment lead to increased criminal offenses ranging from property crime to drug-related offenses and “casual” theft. Further, research has revealed that poverty itself is related to violence, drug use, and criminal damage whereby it is termed to be a catalyst for violence. Works Cited Latham Kevin. Pop Culture China!: Media, Arts, and Lifestyle. London. ABC-CLIO. 2007. Print Sato Hiroshi. Unemployment, Inequality and Poverty in Urban China. Routledge. 2006. Print Read More