History of Wireless Electricity - Research Paper Example

?History of Wireless Electri History of Wireless Electri Affiliation The history of power transmission goes back to earlwork of Heinrich Hertz because he is the one who did not only show transmission of electromagnetic signals and waves around the earth by making use of wide-ranging setting with a flash gap for creating high-frequency energy transmission and receiving at the receiver end however he had also made use of parabolic reflectors at both the receiving and transmitting ends of the communication (Brown, 1984). When Maxwell presented a theory about electro-magnetic theory it stimulated the scientific environment and scientific investigators from all over the world started to look for its experimental proof or authentication. In fact, the scientists and investigators were sure about that it can be survived and achieved in an environment of keen anticipation, strangely encouraging to the response of any proof to this conclusion. Without a doubt, the history of science reveals that ideas and concepts are unpreserved. In fact, every new idea and concept beings improved perspective and understanding of nature and the environment and as a result of this improvement our thoughts and concepts are adapted and improved (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2006; Shinohara, 2010). Actually, in the 1891, Dr. Hertz did not present a new theory or an opinion. On the other hand, he just presented his ideas regarding equipment and how it supports to the theory which had already been presented by some other scientists. If we would have taken notice of it then it was not surprising that an electric circuit, processed through an interrupted current, release a wide variety of space signals, however nobody else ever tried to understand their character. So, Dr. Hertz was the first who actually presented a practical authentication that there were transversal signals and waves in the atmosphere. In this scenario, the majority of people considered this thought as his huge achievement. However, in actual fact it can be seen that the eternal value of this theory or idea was not so much in this theory as in the getting the concentration of investigators on the actions are being performed in the ambient means Hence, it gave the Hertz-wave theory a huge importance in the history of wireless energy transmission, in view of the fact that its charming control over the thoughts, had hushed resourceful endeavor in the wireless energy sector as well as retained it for more than twenty-five years (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2006; Shinohara, 2010). However, in contrast, it does not seem feasible to allow too much for the positive and valuable consequences of the influential motivations that it has given in a number of fields. In fact, with regards to the transmission of signals and wires without using wires, the use of these radiations of this operation was absolutely clear. In addition, many times Dr. Hertz was asked the questions about the feasibility and usefulness of such kind of transmission model, and he never thought so, however in the end he was accurate in his prediction. In this scenario, one of the best ways that someone might have anticipated was a way of transmission of signals and communication like the heliographic and causes to experience the same or even more restrictions (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2006; Shinohara, 2010). Figure 1Tesla Tower, Image Source: (Mohammed, Ramasamy, & Shanmuganantham, 2010) It was the spring of 1891 when Dr. Nikola Tesla delivered a presentation using a high frequency machine at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE) at Columbia College. This demonstration actually formed the basis of an original and hopefully departure. Even though, at that time there had been presented a large number of theories and laws on the subject of electrical resonance, however none of the theory actually focused on experimental and practical authentication of these facts. Hence, it is believed that the experiments performed by Dr. Nikola Tesla are believed to be the first public demonstration with resonant circuits, more predominantly of high frequency. Without a doubt, the natural accomplishment of Tesla’s presentation was because of impressive aspects, in view of the fact that the key objective of Tesla’s presentation was to practically demonstrate that all types of machines and devices can perform the required functionality by means of a single wire without return. Hence, it was the foundation of the development of wireless system (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2006; Shinohara, 2010). In fact, this idea motivated Dr. Tesla to think about various possibilities such as to determine the performance of appropriate circumstances of resonance, to put on the air electric signals through the ground, as a result providing with a wide variety of artificial conductors. Without a doubt, people who would have wanted to look at independently the worth of that untimely proposal must not look at it keeping in mind the current developments of science. In addition, the initial development in wireless work appeared in 1893, however to tell the truth Dr. Tesla spent more than the two previous years in performing experiments, making use of a wide variety of equipment. In this scenario, most of the equipment that Dr. Tesla used at that time is approximately same those of today. Additionally, it was completely obvious to Dr. Tesla from the beginning of this journey that the effective and successful accomplishment could simply be made through a number of essential developments. For this purpose, Dr. Tesla had to create appropriate high frequency generators as well as electrical oscillators. In this scenario, the energy generated by these equipments was required to be altered in efficient collected and transmitters away from each other in appropriate receivers. However, this kind of environment would be noticeably constrained in its utility and convenience if all unconnected interventions were not restricted as well as prevented secured (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2006; Shinohara, 2010). After a while, Dr. Tesla realized that equipments that have to be used to such kind of operation should be efficient and effective. Hence, these equipments should be developed with due regard to the substantial characteristics of the electrical environments and this planet attaining on the same. Thus, Dr. Nikola Tesla had to modify his apparatus in order to deal with varying requirements and his high frequency alternator was based on a field ring comprising more than 380 pole projections and a disc armature comprising coils wound in one single coat. These equipments could be adjusted in a wide variety of methods depending on the requirements and needs of the conditions. Hence, it was believed to be a brilliant apparatus for performing different kinds of experiments, supplying sinusoidal currents varying from 10,000 to 20,000 rotations in one second. In the same way, the results produced by this apparatus were based on huge volumes of data because of the extent that almost 30 amperes per square millimeter could be transmitted through the wires without damage. In this scenario, Dr. Tesla maintained resonant setting through a condenser subdivided into small pieces, the better modifications being achieved by a changeable iron wire surrounded by an inductive loop (Tesla, 2006). Actually, the basic idea that Dr. Tesla adopted to transmit energy through the wireless medium was published in the Century Magazine of June 1900. In this idea, Dr. Tesla made use of an alternator, which was capable of bearing high stress. In this apparatus, he connected one of its terminals to the earth while the other terminal was connected to a high aptitude to make an impact on its oscillations upon the earth. In addition, Dr. Tesla also recommended a reproduction of these elements with the purpose of increasing the consequences, a thought which may up till now seem to be important. In this scenario, this process is broken into two parts, in the first part folks are sent while the other is a receiver. However, both these parts are connected to its lower point a piston employed inside a cylinder. In this scenario, two cylinders were used to transmit signals to a huge expandable pool filled with an incompressible liquid. In addition, the signals distributed to any of the forks stimulate them by means of tone and as a result they generate output through electrical contacts. This was a simple demonstration of the apparatus that was used by Dr. Nikola Tesla in 1892. Though, this apparatus was not valued at that point in time, however it is believed to be more competent than the instruments that are used at the present (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2006; Shinohara, 2010). Dr. Tesla believed that the finding of the "rotating brush," a magnificent trend strengthened his idea that “a signal could be simply sparked around the earth” was strengthened. Dr. Tesla presented this idea in 1892 while delivering a lecture at the Institution of Electrical Engineers, London. Without a doubt, this idea was the most delicate wireless detector identified however extensively it remained difficult to create as well as to retain in the responsive status. In 1899, a well-known scientist criticized Dr. Tesla’s machinery by saying that it does not effectively work. According to the viewpoint of that scientist this apparatus will require more than 200 years in order to flash a message across the Atlantic. It was 1900 when there were made two most important and helpful improvements to this apparatus (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2006; Shinohara, 2010). In this scenario, one of these improvements included individualized setting with transmitters releasing a receiver and wave-complex encompassing isolated adjusted rudiments considerately linked. In addition, other problems that existed in this apparatus were resolved by Tesla. However, the other development includes the integration of an unusual oscillator supporting the distribution of waves and signals without having the need for wires in any size that can be essential for industry or personal exercise, which can be used to any space, as well as with the very high economy. In addition, it emerged as the result of many years of organized examination, research and study and surprises will be attained by its way. Moreover, Dr. Tesla believed that the Hertz wave theory on the subject of wireless transmission can be carried on a short time, however after some time it will be documented as one of the most incomprehensible and extraordinary deviations of the scientific mind which has ever been proved in the past (Tesla, 2006). However, Nikola Tesla carried out first experiment to transmit energy without using wires in 1899. This project was launched at Colorado Springs, Colorado, which was sponsored by Colonel John Jacob Astor with the grant of more than 30,000 USD. In the same way, the second attempt to transmit energy without wires made after a long time of the first attempt. This time H. V. Noble performed an experiment in the Westinghouse Laboratory in the 1930’s. In this scenario, Noble made use of the identical receiving and transmitting dipoles and he kept a distance of 25 ft between these poles. Though, no particular attention was paid to energy however, a few hundred watts of energy were transmitted between the dipoles. One of the most important reasons transmission through the wireless medium was not taken seriously is the fact that people believed that effective point to point distribution of energy requires focusing on electromagnetic energy into a narrow beam. Hence, in the 1930’s the emergence of two important devices that were capable of producing energy through microwaves stimulated the trend of wireless energy transmission. In this scenario, first development was made by O. Heil included the development of the velocity modulated beam tube. On the other hand, the second device known as microwave cavity magnetron was developed in Great Britain. After that there were more developments in the wireless energy transmission from 1958 to 1977. Though, a large number of scientists and researchers have suggested a number of ideas and concepts in this area however the most obvious feature of all the historical developments remained on changes in orientation and ownership. These changes have created various benefits and introduced new perspective. With respect to technology status this trend has now reached to a high level of maturity and demonstrates precious resource for instant or prospect use (Brown, 1984; Bussel, Franken, Golchin, & Leijenaar, 2007). The transmission through wireless provides a number of opportunities and capabilities for energy transmission with minimum wounded and simplicity of transmission than any innovation or invention. In this scenario, a well-known scientist of NASA, Dr. Neville argues “now we don’t need pipes, wires, or copper cables to receive and send energy. In fact, this energy can be transmitted just like a cell phone call wherever we want to send it or receive it, anytime we want it, in instantaneous manner”. In addition, it is expected that in the coming few years’ new opportunities and wonders will be fashioned by its implementations and developments if all the circumstances are encouraged. On the other hand, the expenditures for required for actual implementation of wireless transmission medium can be very high as well as a number of shortcomings of the idea can also include the intrusion of microwave with existing communication mediums. In addition, various researchers and scientists also discuss the negative effects of microwave emission. However, the researchers also demonstrate that the level of microwave radiation would not be much higher than the amount generated while opening the door of the microwave oven. In other words, its effects are much higher than the energy released by wireless or mobile devices. Moreover, public experience to wireless energy transmission would also be below available security procedures (Mohammed, Ramasamy, & Shanmuganantham, 2010; Burali & Patil, 2012). References Bomber, A. (2006, March 24). Wireless Power Transmission: An Obscure History, Possibly a Bright Future. Retrieved March 20, 2013, from http://web.pdx.edu/~larosaa/Applied_Optics_464-564/Projects_Presented/Projects-2006/Andrew_Bomber_Report_Wireless_Power_Transmission_PH464.pdf Brown, W. C. (1984). The History of Power Transmission by Radio Waves. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory And Techniques, Volume 32 Issue 9, pp. 1230-1242. Burali, Y. N., & Patil, C. B. (2012). Wireless Electricity Transmission Based On Electromagnetic and Resonance Magnetic Coupling. International Journal Of Computational Engineering Research (ijceronline.com), Volume 2 Issue 7, pp. 48-51. Bussel, R. v., Franken, J., Golchin, S., & Leijenaar, R. (2007). MDP 1: Wireless Power Supply. Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, University of Technology. Mohammed, S. S., Ramasamy, K., & Shanmuganantham, T. (2010). Wireless Power Transmission – A Next Generation Power Transmission System. International Journal of Computer Applications, Volume 1 Issue 13 , 100-103. Shinohara, N. (2010). Wireless Power Transmission for Solar Power Satellite (SPS). Retrieved March 22, 2013, from http://www.sspi.gatech.edu/wptshinohara.pdf Tesla, N. (2006). — The True Wireless —. Retrieved March 14, 2013, from http://www.pbs.org/tesla/res/res_art06.html Read More