Finance & Accounting Essays

The author of the paper states that it is observed that Arcelor Mittal has disclosed many elements lucidly in the annual reports and websites. However, it can be stated that the company has also failed to depict a few important elements, which describe the efficiency of the company to a great extent.

Planning is an essential part of auditing because it enables an auditor to plan the audit exercise so that they can perform such an exercise effectively. The first approach to auditing FXT International Limited’s books of account is to develop an intended goal related to the targeted outcome.

Regulators in the UK, United States, and Europe were fining banks that were rigging interest rates an amount of up to 6 billion dollars (Weldon 2013). Labor is an interest rate that is benchmarked on the basis at which banks lend unsecured funds in the London market. Labor is published by BBA (British Bankers’ Association).

The current ratio of Ooredoo is (28,361,079/23,531,834) = 1.2 while that of Vodafone is (425,302/1,004,395) = 0.42. The quick ratio is also referred to as the decisive test ratio

The capital structure of a company is defined as the mixture of debt and equity capital. The capital structure of a business firm can affect the value of the firm through its impact either on the expected income or the cost of capital or both of the concerned business firms. The capital structure decision affects the earnings available to the shareholders and also affects the value of the firm.

In order for the small and medium-size banks to compete with the larger banks including the international banks, these banks need to come up with a merger agreement. This will enable them to have more power and capabilities to sustain the demand that is required by the competition within the banking industry.

It is instructive that the goal Senator Bob Kerrey and former Senator Jack Danforth — both deficit hawks — set for the Entitlement Commission in 1994 was to limit the deficit to two per cent of the Gross Domestic Product in 2030. The amendment also would alter the balance of powers that has served our nation for more than 200 years.

We have discussed some of the important aspects and the topics in cost and management accounting. The key feature of these topics is that they are very useful in taking some of the strategic decisions as far as management is concerned and on the other hand, they are equally helpful in executing the plans and monitor if they are going well or not.

Traditionally accounting is based upon the use of historical cost which requires that the transactions are recorded at their cost. Thus all the assets and liabilities recorded on the balance sheet of the firm are recorded at their cost value and are further adjusted by the value of the depreciation or any impairment.  

The report is said to include the performance indicators along with the risks and uncertainties faced by the company and how the company sees to overcome them in the future. The chairman’s statement briefly sheds light on the challenges faced by the company and the measures taken by the company to overcome them.

The resultant effect is enhanced performance in the auditing and accounting profession. Thus, the current international regulatory environment for the auditing profession has played a significant role in ensuring that external auditors companies offer reports to investors and owners, which serve the public interest. 

Lower tariffs benefit the end user of the goods and services because it leads to lower prices. Tariffs are considered a trade barrier that whose purpose is to limit the

The report compares the two costing approaches used by organisations around the world and analyses the strengths and weaknesses of each costing approach. Also, implications of these approaches in the real world along with the use of the variable and full costing approach in product and service organisations have also been discussed. 

The author states that the two alternative paths of actions implemented by P&G are Continuous Replenishment and Ordering, Shipping and Billing systems. Attempting to retain the brand loyalty and its inimitability in this era of competitiveness, P&G attempted to implement varied innovative automated systems within its organizational structure.

In this regard, Tenpin has to dispose some of its shares to the public. In essence, the company has to put into consideration vital factors that dictate its move to make it a public company. These include choice, access to capital,

This process would involve strategizing on the most appropriate volume and revenue to be generated for the firm to be profitable if not break even. The targeted profit is set at $200,000 Using marginal costing differentiates the various elements of the costs

Johnson and Johnson Company divides its assets into two main categories; current and non-current assets. The current assets are listed first in the balance sheet in order of liquidity followed by the non-current assets. From the balance sheet, it can be

 There are hundreds of brands of different car in the market having different price rates which is a real concern as it has to match ones budget. In addition, comfort, capacity, finishing and the design of the

Has the board established a proper nomination committee? Yes, it has set out the NominationsCommittee comprised of all the independent Non-Executive Directors (it does not include any Directors who are or have been associated with a related party) (Coca-Cola Amatil Limited, 2012, p. 9). The committee reviews board suitable candidates for appointment to the Board and reviews general matters of corporate governance.

Financial ratios are tools that help to interpret a company’s financial planning, and its performance during the existence of the business. It allows the company to compare own activities with respect to previous years as well as among

Forward contracts are often used as a means for hedging risks associated with foreign exchange fluctuations. Forward contracts can thus be referred to as customized agreements between two entities to fix the exchange rates for future transactions (Meera, 2009). Option arrangements or standby contracts are other tools for liability.

It stands out as an important topic that can attract the attention of many considering the sheer fact that currently stocks are traded on news of profitability. Firms that exhibit solid operating essentials and generate a

arn an amount from the Group as from1 April 2013 to 31 December 2017.The value calculated is performed in the basis of the key forecast assumptions should include the sales of other products in relation to the other product category that operated in activities that tax charged

The accompanying are some general qualities of tasteful arrangement inward control over monetary reporting: The Board of trustees of Supporting

The Tesla motors incorporation is an American enterprise that designs, manufactures, and sells electric motors plus electric vehicle power trains. Tesla motor is a public firm and operates with the symbol TSLA. During the first quarter of the year 2013, the firm posted abnormal profits that absolutely took it to higher financial levels.

The author states that the flow of the cash proceeds is to be measured through calculation on the current information that is in existence. The best criteria for calculation is through the use of Net Present Value (NPV) as the capital budgeting technique due to its incalculable popularity in measuring the best and most appropriate criteria for investment.

The payback period of the project should also be determined before accepting the project so that the management may know the duration it will take before accepting the project.

As tyhe report stresses adjusted present value approach is a capital budgeting technique that is used to value a firm that borrows debt. The technique starts with computing the value of the firm without the debt. Secondly, the technique values the firm with debt then considers the effect of the debt value both cost of borrowing and benefits.

An analysis of the company’s financial statements reveals that the company has had a sharp decline in its profit margin for the last year, which shows that the company has not been managed well towards continued profit growth. A company that does not make a profit for itself cannot transfer returns to its shareholders as well.

Developing international standards and codes, in itself, serves very little purpose. Standards and codes can only be effective where they are adopted and implemented by national authorities. In this context, the current work of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank is particularly important.   

Due to the global awareness on the preservation of ecological balance, it is sometimes queried whether an accounting of the environment can be made. One writer was bold enough to offer an affirmative answer. The contributed article claims that the environmental services of all of Canada’s forests can be quantified monetarily and this amounts to a total of ninety-three billion dollars.

Notes to financial statements convey the ideas, meaning, and explanation of the presentation adopted in the financial statements. “Notes which accompany the balance sheet, the income statement, cash flow statement, and statement of changes in equity are an integral part of financial statements and so fall within the scope of international standards.”

Companies publish income statements to inform their shareholders about the business activities which have been carried out during the period covered by the statement and whether such activities have resulted in a profit or loss to the business.

The other factor that leads to the profitability is the good advertising skills. The jokes that are involved in the phone calls are appealing to the customers and that makes them to become brand loyal. The valuation will

This technique considers the best way to allocate funds between capital assets and projects. Factors and criteria that are used in capital budgeting are discussed below. These factors and criteria will be considered before planning and recommendations for investment.

Chiefly, there are four main options have been designed in order to analyze the net benefit available to the company. These four options have been covered under two plans namely Plan A and Plan B. Plan considers the only

The ratio shows the company’s ability to pay its current obligations on time. The industry generated higher 1.3 times the current ratio. In terms of debt-to-equity ratio, the IBM entity generates a 5.32 debt-to-equity ratio. The industry average generated a better 100 percent debt-to-equity ratio. Market to book ratio of IBM is favorable at 11.32 times. The industry average is lower at only 4 times.

The author of the paper will begin with the statement that the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) multilateral trade negotiations commenced in November of 2001 but have stalled over significant differences between developed and developing countries.  The negotiations, known as the Doha Development Round are characterized by two opposing factions.

The costing procedures that Hugh Knock had thought of, for selling bags of peanuts, are Operating Costing or Service Costing and Overhead Costing. Operating cost can be defined as the ongoing cost for running a business, product or system. It basically denotes day-to-day expenses that a business has to incur.

Moreover, the sales price volume is also adverse. This can be as a result of a price cut so as to stimulate demand for Product Geeta due to the increased competition in the shipping industry. In addition, it may result due to the government enforcing a

On the same note, Bill argues that there is lack of information asymmetry that exist between outside investors and corporate managers; therefore, the outside investors access private company

I will attempt to establish a good relationship with them so that my internship will be smooth sailing where I will learn a lot from them. I believe that people are willing to teach students

Availability of money is the first and foremost factor that we need to consider when making such a decision. If for instance a Company needs to buy machinery and it does not have enough capital and neither is it willing to take a loan, then in such a scenario it would be essential if the company goes for a lease since it requires much less payment.

Compliance regulation has two main objectives upon which a business enterprise subscribe to. The first objective is maintaining a low probability or chance of making losses to the target customers of the

Gemunden & Frensch explain that the expected effects of acquisitions on stock value influence current value (2007, p. 20). If investors expect the acquisition to benefit a company then the price of the company’s stock is likely to rise while the price is likely to fall is an expected acquisition is likely to be detrimental.

The fifty percent increase in the income tax rate was introduced in the 2009 budget by Alistar Daling who was the then Chancellor. It was among the several tax rates increased to achieve the goal of raising over £6 billion. The 50% rate was imposed on incomes higher than £150,000. This led to mixed reactions to the budget.

Effective internal auditing is necessary for enabling the organization to achieve its core purpose. The core business of any commercial organization is to maximize the value for its shareholders. The auditing process in its comprehensive consideration facilitates the attainment of this purpose by deterring or detecting any fraudulent activities.

This implies a reduction in the capability of the firm to meet its near-term obligations using its most liquid asset. Compared to the

The underlying rationale behind the choice of this company is the fact that the UK government places increasing political pressure on the players in this industry. For example, all bets placed online in the UK need to pay 15pc “point of consumption tax” from last December and players have to pay more£300m per year for the Treasury’s coffers.

I had to conduct a vast and in-depth research of the market as well as the related sector. This helped me gain extensive knowledge regarding the market scenario as well as the related industries which will enable me to complete any other projects that would be allotted to me in a more effective and efficient manner.