Finance & Accounting Essays

As a result of the increasing rate of globalization, greater social and environmental awareness as well as the development of more efficient communication, the notion that the responsibility of companies extends beyond their profit-related and legal obligations has managed to gradually gain new impetus (Blowfield and Murray, 2011).

The business model of Britvic is based on manufacturing, marketing, and selling the products of the Britvic and the PepsiCo brands image. It enjoys a strong portfolio of leading brands; distribution of Pepsi and 7Up and existence in around 50 countries of the world. The performance of the company is gauged by developing comparative competitors’ analysis.

An ordinary inaccurate understanding among investors is that higher level of risk guarantees high returns, but the reality is that high risk only increases the chance of getting high returns. In reference to the video, it is crucial to investors to maintain an

The U.S. Congress created three key destinations for financial policy in the Federal Reserve Act: stable costs, Maximum livelihood, and direct long-term investment rates. The first and the last goals are in some cases alluded to as the Federal Reserve Bank’s (FRB) double mandate. Its obligations have grown through the years.

In this report, the various aspects of corporate social responsibility will be dissected with that of CSR information to companies and its

The author states that raw materials of all types are originally entered into an inventory asset account with a credit to the corresponding accounts payment account and a debit to the raw materials inventory account. During the consumption of the raw materials, the accounting treatment varies, depending on their status as indirect or direct raw materials.

It is quite essential to state that if Telton plans to enter the export market, it will have to take care of a number of formalities, information about which is available in several governments hosted internet sites. The company will have to ensure that it is not adversely affected by exchange rate fluctuations.

The author states that one of the businesses that were made possible by globalization is the outsourcing business. Companies or businesses actually profit from outsourcing, this is also rather one way for companies and businesses to cut off on their expenses on production, manpower, and technology by getting or acquiring the services.

Financial risks are comprised of two components—systematic and unsystematic or unique (Brealey, Myers & Marcus 2004). A company can eliminate its unsystematic risk by means of diversification. The risk after the company minimizes the unsystematic risk, is the systematic risk, or risk that cannot be eliminated as all businesses within an economy are exposed to it (Brealey, Myers & Marcus 2004).

Fraud as it deals with financial statements or reporting had been officially defined as “an intentional act”, committed by a certain individual or certain

The preceding sections provide answers to the various questions specified under qmH4. The first section discusses the bias of the estimator and also the accuracy and significance of the hypothesis tests for different observations. It has generally been observed that the simulation yields better results across all these parameters as the number of observations is increased.

The free cash model works with the principle of projecting cash flows. The latter could be derived from the activities of a company bringing them to their present values by discounting them. It has a likeness to the dividend discount model where dividends are discounted. Instead of a stream of dividends being discounted, the stream of cash flows.

It also helps one branch to electronically interact with branches in other cities. Generally, the internal control reporting options include generic tools, document management and work flow tools, real-time compliance tools, and data-mining tools. The

Approach best fit with “Combined strategy” where premium growth rate and profit retention rate get higher in rate increases with the right combination. Based on individual skill and performance the premium paid by the client to the service companies getting increased by 20% whereas this brings customer loyalty and profit retention by 50% at the maximum rate.

The profit growth of this company is predictable. Over the last three years, the companys total revenue was on the rise and they is no sign of this decreasing. The company total asset has been stable

For the last three decades, globalization has generated exceptional levels of both economic growth and economic risk.  The advent of globalization has rendered markets more open, allowing governments and firms to invest more freely. With the growth of global finance, development has become more complex.  

The savers might have been more probable to lose their employment opportunities or experienced the firms they possessed go out of operation. Furthermore, they do not take into consideration the effect of the QE on the rate of inflation and thus the method these flows of finances translate into actual spending on the products and services.

An income statement is also known as a “Profit and loss account”, “Statement of earnings” and “Statement of operations” represent the financial results of a company in terms of profit and loss. It summarizes all of the revenue and expense items of the firm and presents the final result in terms of profit and loss, for a given period of time.

The confidence that a diverse business environment gives allows the free flow of ideas and thus enables innovation. The traditional budgeting system has been rigid with the set of rules and line-by-line instructions to be followed by the managers with targets being more internally negotiated rather than focusing on the external environment.  

This percentage makes Malaysia the fourth largest country in percentage of Islamic banking facilities after Iran, which controls about 55%, republic of Saudi Arabia 13%

The put-call parity is important in explaining the relationship link between the put option and the call option. Both have the same expiry date and strike price. When the expiry is due, the price of the stocks is considered (Albrecht, 2001). If it is higher than the strike price then the call option is exercised while if it is below the price, it is the put price that is exercised.

Amazon Company was started in 1994 by Jeff Bezos and launched in 1995. The Amazon is based in Seattle, WA. Amazon, and is among the Fortune 500 e-commerce companies. The company pioneered the sale of goods over the Internet. The company started as an online bookstore after which it diversified by including other items like VHS tapes, Music CDs, DVDs, video games, MP3s, electronics, furniture, toys and clothing.

The Discounting Cash Flow Model is not reliable as a perfect tool for valuation because it is practically not able to predict the growth rate of the company’s cash flows. However, it can give an estimate of the value of the company in combination with other

While some companies have adopted various strategies to increase their capital in the domestic market, others have invested their capital abroad for various reasons. These include first, efficient production of products in the foreign market as compared to the domestic market. Secondly, companies are able to easily obtain raw materials that they use in their production facilities.

British Airlines which is the world’s most popular airline has set its vision to meet the satisfaction level of both employees and customers. The company’s mission was to become a pioneer in global airways and to achieve this target British Airlines has focused on making alliances with carefully selected companies (Rao & Krishna, 2004, p.75). 

The author states that financial accounting and reporting standards are jointly called the U.S Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). The standards guide the preparation of financial reports in order to provide users with quality financial information. Investments refer to assets held for sale by a company for the generation of income.

In this regard, accountants are also able to interpret financial records on behalf of their clients for investment, compensation packages for employees, and individual’s medical plans. However, for an

Both cash and accrual systems have their advantages and disadvantages. The accrual system of accounting records revenue when it is earned hence shows the actual financial position of a business periodically. The system has a weakness in that it is expensive to maintain different pre-payments and accruals.

The main objective of auditing the Financial Statements is to enable the auditing team to determine whether the financial records have been prepared in material respects. The complete financial statements must take into account all requirements and be in conformity with the certified financial reporting framework (Australian Accounting Research Foundation, 2001, pp. 5).

Nevertheless, there is empirical proof that has been collected to support this argument against the accounting conceptual framework (Hines 2011, p. 45). Out of the five characteristics of the accounting conceptual framework, most people only rely on one characteristic, reliability, on accounting statements to make financial decisions.

Both long-term loans or debts and equity (shares) are long-term finance sources. However, business entities with limited scales (not corporations) can use only long term financing for debt purposes, while corporations can use long term financing for both equity and loan

If oil prices level at $60 a barrel or lower, the Russian economy is projected to contract by at least four percent. The deficit in the fiscal budget can reach as much as three

Domino Printing offers its services to more than 120 countries through a global network of 25 subsidiary units. The company runs its manufacturing operations in six different countries - the US, the UK, China, Sweden, Germany, and India. Domino Printing is best known for its technologies like scribing laser, continuous inkjet, thermal transfer overprinting, drop-on-demand valve jet, etc.

Secondly, the pattern is driven by high cost of capital (Daft, 120). In order to meet such costs, companies tend to focus on goals that generate returns in the short-term. Thirdly, the shorter tenure of

The first important factor that I discovered was that the school uses the accrual basis of the accounting method. Big corporations use the accrual basis of accounting that trades on credit (McCarthy, Nancy, and John 154). The process goes against the transaction principle of accounting. However, the accrual basis of accounting is acceptable in accounting as of the present.

This means that Exact Metal can meet its short-term objectives in adverse conditions as long as the collection of receivables does

The author states that the government reporting entity is one of the most essential issues in accounting in verifying accounting entities due to the involvement of different organizations. Statement 14 of GASB, states that the financial reporting of each entity comes from the primary government, comprising its components.

True enough, becoming a CPA is a daunting challenge and one that is undertaken only by the keenest of minds and the bravest of the brave. However, looking at the better promises open to them, ordinary Tom, Dick, and Harry cannot be blamed to join the tide towards the privilege. While the journey towards the end is an endless struggle for survival.

The author states that after deciding on how much to spend on each item, Sam should gather all the items listed in his travel schedule. This will include items such as a suitcase, clothing, and other items related to his personal wellbeing. He should also gather all items necessary to meet his vocational goals such as books.

The discount rate is determined by several factors. First is the general economic conditions i.e. the discount rate will increase during periods in which the inflation rates are high or when the foreign exchange rates are volatile (Bierman & Smidt, 2004). The second factor that influences this rate is the marketability of a firm’s security.

Furthermore, procedures should be established for approval and recording capital and expense items of any stocks returned to the supplier due to poor quality, inadequate specifications etc. Otherwise, defective

position of the business from start of business to the that present time, while an income statement describes the current year performance, it details the current year profit margin. Income statement is also known as profit and loss account it shows end year income, expenses and

the graph also shows the up market leads to increase in company price while a down market leads to decrease in price. Similarly, less risk attributes to the less return on the company. Observing the five year trend of the two, I think the beta of the

Rendering to a survey conducted in 2009, only 10% of non-profit organizations were able to operate above the break-even point. It also showed that only 16% of non-profit organizations were able to cover their expenses. Another study conducted in 2010 showed that 61% of the non-profit organizations had enough cash to sustain them for three months.

Davis service group, headquartered in London, UK, is a large publicly listed company, which employs close to 17000 people. The company has developed a robust and detailed budget plan to meet its needs. The company’s budget detailed the overall financial that evidenced expenditures of the available funds.

Institute of Contemporary Arts (ICA) Limited has served the mass of the United Kingdom (U.K.) for 75 years with inspiration and imagination regarding contemporary arts by offering them access to the artists and creative processes. The non-profit organization relies on a number of sources of finance for its programs that are conducted at regular intervals.

The starting point for this paper is to give different accounts of the rise of corporate governance using various reliable sources. The next step is to highlight the other two frameworks of the firm and explain how they can be used in protecting the shareholders’ investments. The chosen frameworks will then be compared with the agency theory.

The derivative financial instruments that were generated and developed under this background have caused deep impacts on accounting theory. In this way, people have begun to re-examine the appropriateness concerning the use of historical

Multinational corporations are large industrial corporations with a wide network of branches spread out in a number of countries but managed from one country. The characteristics that distinguish multinational corporations from other organizations are: they are located in many countries, their worldwide activities are centrally controlled by the parent company, and they are large in size.

This will give a general idea of what ought to be done to improve on the marketing strengths of Guam and how the weaknesses can be dealt with. Guam boasts of a large economic revenue and foreign exchange resulting from tourism and from the Asian