Design, Drawing, and Practical Skills - Assignment Example

OF SUNDERLAND DESIGN, DRAWING AND PRACTICAL SKILLS By: Fahad Alajmi number: 139042661 David Knapton Introduction This assignment comprises of four questions that seek to test knowledge acquired during the design, drawing and practical skills course work. Question 1 In the development of engineering design, the key concept lies in the presentation of an appropriate specification for the design. This process seems to be the most complex to achieve but, it is the most essential given that the specifications are expected to denote the design’s quantitative and qualitative features that are all more significant in its setting of strategy and selection criteria. Other aspects for the inclusion of the specification is that it defines the scope of design, its performance requirements, weight, mass and the reliability and viability to be achieved in designing process (Villar, 2003.p.241-248). Subsequently, a design specification is essential in the sense that it describes the manner in which the system would execute the requirements that have been summarized in its functional requirements section. In relevance to the system, this can comprise of information on testing specific needs, configuration settings, or assessment of the operations. All requirements provided in the operational specification must be addressed; connecting requirements among the design specification and functional requirements performed (Villar, 2003.p.145-149). The aim of the design specification document for this Wind Turbine project shall be to introduce the expected product to users prior to the actual development of the product. As such, it shall outline the stages of development ensure that the succeeding design meets the requirements of the end-user. A design specification ought to consist of all essential drawings, environmental factors, dimensions, aesthetic factors, ergonomic factors, cost and maintenance, safety, quality, description and documentation. It also gives specific instances of the manner the design of the device should be implemented, assisting designers work efficiently. Therefore, this specification will need to be approved and reviewed by system owner, developer, and quality assurance before implementation. In support to the other parts of the design process, the specification shall comprise of quality assurance symbols that will guarantee that the project’s design conformed to appropriate policies and that all demands were effectively addressed. As such, the design specification document shall be broad enough for the developer to initiate work, but, without having to give details on ‘how’ it is to be implemented. Rather it shall major on defining ‘what’ ought to be executed in the project (Villar, 2003.p.150-153). Concept selection denotes the process of assessing concepts in reference to the needs of clients and other assessment mechanisms. This is achieved through the comparison of the comparative strengths and flaws of concepts, and choosing of one or more ideas for further study, testing and designing. A structured technique for concept selection assists to sustain an objectivity during the concept stage of product production and controls the product development group via a critical, hard and emotional procedure; this is attainable through well-written design specifications (Gupta, 2004.p.53-57). Question 2 Project management as an administration regulation underpins economic responsibility and is what defines the completion of projects in a timely manner. In this regard, effective project management is acknowledged to have the capacity to push a venture to the utmost potential, generating work that supersedes the broadest expectations (Roberts, 2011.p.105-110). In contrast, poor project management can halt efficiency, stifle creativeness, or hinder its progress to completion. Therefore, the project team and the targeted users should have an apparent comprehension of the project and its preferred results, through an analysis of the project management prospects. In spite of the task, strategy is essential and must be the foundation of the entire decisions in project management. Thus, an agreement on important facts like the timeline and budget for the project must be identified (Roberts, 2011.p.87-91). Good project organization comprises no shortage of conversation between team members, customers and other parties that must be in a circle. Effective project management in this project was defined by the constructive analysis that was employed that also pushed the development team to put their best and made the prospects apparent. If a team member is already outputting phenomenal effort, it is necessary to recognize it and applaud them. Subsequently, it is important to nurture creativity as much as possible due to team work. Good project management does not conclude the moment the project is accomplished; instead, it rolls forth to times when the effort put by the team is to be evaluated in respect to the project’s outcomes as an attained step in the design process (Roberts, 2011.p.123-127). Proper project management ensures maintenance of the contact with them throughout the existence of the venture; their response must come as no shock. An effective project manager has the potential to guide the project in its course and ensure that the issues raised by the team are implemented considering quality requirements (Roberts, 2011.p.83-87). It occasionally provides a structure to reconstruct the organizational framework or perhaps to reorganize it. In the current project, the following tools and processes are of the essence to its achievement. Project management tools and processes: Tools: MS Project Brainstorming, Project Plan Template Fishbone Diagrams, Critical Path Analysis Flow Diagrams, Gantt Charts. Processes: Agree exact specification for the venture Plan the venture Communicate the project strategy within the project team. Agree and assign project proceedings. Manage and encourage Check, monitor, measure, review project process Accomplish project Project follow-up. Question 3 a. The amperage of the generator: In making a selection or choice for the design considerations that suit a pancake generator, key among the features would be the amperage of the generator (Dastagir, 2010.p.136-138). The level of amperage that a generator can accommodate is essential in that it would dictate the amount of power that the generator would be capable of producing or storing. Therefore, beginning with assessing the service panel for the generator would be good, as it would allow one to know beforehand, the amperage designed for the pancake generator. For instance, if the panel has a reading of about 200Amps, it indicates that the power requirement for the pancake generator would not need to exceed this limit. Nonetheless, as there is an intensification in the size of the generator panel, so shall be the generator’s needs (Dastagir, 2010.p.126-128). This aspect is significant to the design specification of the generator since one would only need to install a generator that would be required to power a small portion of their service panels. Subsequently, it is essential when sub-panels are installed so as to define and sort put the panels to be powered and those not to be powered. b. The phases of the generator: The sets in a generator are designed to produce either single phase power or three phase power. This aspect is very critical in making a choice for the pancake generator to use since, the power type to be used should be defined in the panel. Single phase power is mostly used by residences and small business enterprises. Three-phase generator power is used in medium and large businesses that required the operation of heavy machinery such as starting and running motor. Since, this case is of a simple pancake generator, the choice of design specification will consider the phase, with single phase power being the most appropriate. This is because it is set to produce about 120 or 120/240 volts while the three-phase is set to produce 120/208 volts or 277/480 volts (Dastagir, 2010.p.144-146). Subsequently, a single phase power is chosen based on the service panel details, as well as the voltage requirement would only be to run domestic appliances. Acceptance of this fact would aid in the optimisation of the generator’s design. c. Operating Speed: The third consideration is generator operating speed. Electric device is designed to employ energy or voltage usage within a fixed frequency: 60 Hertz (Hz) in Canada, U.K, and 50 Hertz in Australia and Europe. The frequency productivity of a generator relies on a fixed engine pace. To design 60 Hz electricity, majority engines run at 1800 or 3600 RPM. 1800 RPM, four pole criteria are the largely widespread and least costly in huge generators. They provide the best poise of noise, effectiveness, and cost and engine existence. 3600 RPM, two pole criteria are lightweight and smaller, best suitable for portable, light-duty operations (Dastagir, 2010.p.118-121). In simple expressions it is like running a car at 90 mph, compared to 45mph - at 45mph the car will function for a longer time frame, is quieter, less sustenance and longer existence.  Most 3600 rpm twin sets air cooled grass mower engines, even as the water chilled 1800 rpm units are considered to those establish in tractor and forklift engines. The baseline is the 1800 rpm units that last longer, provide fewer maintenance troubles and be extra fuel competent. Furthermore, 1800 RPM creators are designed to be reconstructed; 3600 RPM twin units are intended to substitute and are much lesser in cost (Dastagir, 2010.p.123-127). Some 3600 RPM motionless units and mainly RV and mercantile power units can be reconstructed at least times, but this procedure is not cheap. AC generator must comprise a 4-pole rotating field. A mechanical voltage controller will give clean electricity power.  Normal utility energy is +/- 6% voltage controller; most generators are still better varying from .25 % or +/- 5% and enhanced (Dastagir 2010.p.120-124).  Contemporary generators provide AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulation) or a number of other proprietary make of voltage controller and can be securely utilised with modern computers and electronics. Question 4 The testing strategy for the pancake generator recognises that the testing processes might vary from manually disengaging power to the power antenna on convey switches to physically opening the key inward feeder breakers. It is extremely significant that each testing technique be fully comprehended by all staff via appropriate notice and that the outcomes of each technique are weighed cautiously. A process for restoring to the normal power supply should also be recognized in the occasion a failure happened during testing (Villar, 2003.p.187-193). The inclusion of testing strategy is to ensure that the efficiency of the generator is maximised. The appropriate testing strategy that can be applied in this case would through the integration of a permanent magnet synchronous motor that would enhance the generator’s efficiency by ensuring that its radial flux operates at high speeds. This strategy shall also consider the cryogenic temperatures that the generator may be subjected to operate under. There are numerous advantages and demerits to different kinds of fuel. Almost all Generators use diesel, gasoline, propane or natural gas. Testing fuel usage would be appropriate to ensure pancake generator designed use an appropriate fuel. Modifications to this design may be done based on inefficiency in the fuel usage, and speed of operation, which shall have been proven to be costly in operation. Generator speed or rotational speed (RPM) is correlated to generator frequency (cycle per second of the generator voltage) by a set linear equation that means either of the type can be effortlessly used for controlling the governor. Testing can help to gauge the excitation control and voltage regulation condition of the pancake generator designed (Dastagir, 2010.p.145-148). References List DASTAGIR, G. (2010). Voltage and frequency regulation of self excited induction generator: induction generator stand alone operation with unregulated prime mover. Saarbrücken, Germany: LAP LAMBERT Academic publishing. GUPTA, R. K. (2004). Formal methods and models for system design: a system level perspective. Boston, Kluwer Academic Publishers. ROBERTS, P. (2011). Effective project management. London, UK: Kogan Page. VILLAR, E. (2003). System specification & design languages best of FDL02. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Read More