Autism Spectrum Disorder in the UK - Case Study Example

Autism Spectrum Disorder Affiliation Introduction Autism Spectrum Disorder Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an ailment that affects interests, communication, behaviour and social interaction. It comprises childhood autism and Asperger syndrome. Other individuals use the word autism spectrum syndrome or neurodiverse, but individuals oppose it without autism saying that it is neurotypical. The primary features of ASD, begin in infancy, though the effect of these may not be visible until there is a vital change in an individual’s life. These changes are like change of school. It is estimated that a single individual in a group of 100 individuals in Britain has autism spectrum disorder. There is no remedy for ASD. However, a comprehensive collection of treatments inclusive of behaviour support and education can be operational in improving the abilities of children with the ailment. Numerous interventions in treating the ailment are present, and it can be a hard task in judging what intervention will best work for your child. This is because each with autism spectrum disorder is affected in a different way. The incident of autism remains anonymous though there are numerous hypotheses that propose that genetics, vaccinations, maternal health and ecological factors play a principal part in the cause (Myers & Johnson, 2007). Autism Characteristics Autism is an extremely variable neurodevelopmental ailment noticeable by deficiencies in communication, social interaction, outside interest and activities. Each and every infant on the autism spectrum has distinctive challenges, abilities and symptoms. Thus, a parent should learn about the dissimilar autism spectrum ailment so that he or she can understand their broods well. This is done by finding out the various meanings of autism and convey the information to the therapists, doctors and teachers assisting your child. Autism is a range of closely linked ailments with a mutual core of indications. Autism spectrum indications bring out themselves in infancy and early infancy, bringing about postponements in numerous basic areas of evolution, such as learning to play, talk, and socialize with others. However, the level of disability and combination of indications varies considerably from individual to individual. As a matter of fact, two infants suffering from the same disease might not look the same when it comes to their abilities and behaviors. If you are a close relative dealing with this ailment, varied names such as pervasive developmental disorder, atypical autism, high-functioning autism and autism spectrum disorder are familiar. These multiple names might be confusing, but not because there are many. This confusion arises from the usage of these names in different ways by doctors, some parents and therapists. However, what the teachers, doctors and other professionals refer the autism spectrum as, it is your infant’s exclusive necessities that are actually significant. My nephew was diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder 10 years ago and has deficiencies in Social interaction, communication, outside interest and behaviour. It has been researched that children who develop autism spectrum are less impulsive than kids who do not suffer from the ailment. Unlike an ordinary kid who always points out to things that look good to his or her eyes, autism infants act unaware or disinterested on what is happening around them. In addition, they also show dissimilarities by their way of playing. For another thing, these children might also have difficulties with practical play or use of toys that have an underlying intentional application. Finally, they do not imitate others, participate in games that involves crowds or use their toys in imaginative ways. Causes of Autism Scientists arent sure on what causes autism, but it is likely that both genetics and environment play a role. The causes of autism spectrum ailment can be labelled in dual ways. Firstly, we have the primary ASD where no fundamental issue can be recognized to clarify why the ailment has developed. Secondly, there is the secondary ASD where a medical ailment or ecological factor alleged to increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder is recognized. Hence, 90% of the causes of the ailment are primary while only 10% are secondary. Most scholars consider that certain genetic factors an infant inherits from their close relatives might make them more susceptible to developing the ailment. ASD cases have been recognized to run in families. For instance, younger siblings of infants with the ailment are at high risk of getting the illness themselves and it is normal for identical twins to both develop autism spectrum disorder. Other scholars claim that autism spectrum disorder is not primarily brought about by genes but by also ecological factors. This theory states that an individual is born with ASD, however, the ailment develops only if that individual is exposed to a particular ecological trigger. Scholars have found out numerous genes associated with the autism ailment. Studies of individuals with the condition have established abnormalities in some areas of the brain. This part is the amygdala, the limbic system and the cerebral context that may have come to be over-connected or scrambled. Due to this, individuals with ASD may abruptly experience an extremely expressive reaction when viewing a trivial event or object. Hence, this is the reason behind why individuals suffering from the ailment are used to routines that have a pattern of characteristics that do not trigger an extremely expressive reaction. Other studies suggest that people with autism have abnormal levels of serotonin or other neurotransmitters in the brain (Sparks et al., 2002). Moreover, these can be separated into dual classifications, that is, the abnormal brain chemistry and the neural structural differences. The link amongst these two is that the former is more important to an understanding of the synthesis and production of serotonin. While the latter likely causes bring about abnormality in brain chemistry and neural structure. As a result, these abnormalities generate the actions that are physiognomies of autism. Serotonin levels are one of the numerous causative factors of autism. This neurotransmitter is not essentially a basis, but abnormal levels of serotonin can be understood as a indication that is the cause for all the observable symptoms. Finally, serotonin role is to control moods, sleep, standardize food intake by stimulating the gastrointestinal smooth muscles and lastly inhibits the release of several hormones. Student diagnosed with autism during their adolescent age is likely to display aggressive behaviour, however, loved to be outdoors. Additionally, also fundamental complications can provoke aggression within those affected with autism. Thus, it is noble to look past just the actions themselves to identify the primary cause. Vaccinations Some twelve years ago most scholars agreed that there was a necessity to learn about vaccines in connection with autism. The point that an accumulative number of offsprings received vaccines and this process did not decrease the number of children with ASD hence it needed to be looked into. Studies showed that even after being vaccinated there were no differences in the neurological results. Moreover, studies on thimerosal have also been conducted to see if they are linked to autism. Results show that autism is not related to vaccines in any way. Furthermore, there is a concern for genetic causes versus vaccinations in autism. Due to this, claims that vaccinated infants are highly prone to acquiring the disease than those who have not been vaccinated exist. However, scholars disapprove those states saying that vaccinations do not bring about autism, although they are not effective in treating autism since its outcome is still unrecognized (Taylor, Swerdfeger, & Eslick, 2014). Conclusion Autism is an ailment that is very difficult. Its characteristics include difficulty in communication, social interaction, develops outside interest and activities. Scientists and scholars are yet to find out the precise source of autism. Hence, this leaves parents, doctors, families and breadwinners work industriously to find the cause so as to inhibit future disabilities in offsprings. Finally, the optimal treatment of the disease involves a vocational program suited to the level of development of the affected individual. References Myers, S. M., & Johnson, C. P. (2007). Management of children with autism spectrum disorders. Pediatrics, 120, 1162–1182. Sparks, B. F., Friedman, S. D., Shaw, D. W., Aylward, E. H., Echelard, D., Artru, A. A., … Dager, S. R. (2002). Brain structural abnormalities in young children with autism spectrum disorder. Neurology, 59, 184–192. Taylor, L. E., Swerdfeger, A. L., & Eslick, G. D. (2014). Vaccines are not associated with autism: An evidence-based meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies. Vaccine, 32, 3623–3629. Read More