Short answer quesions - Essay Example

Short answer questions Question one Theories help in explaining why certain things occur at a given point in time. Consequently, theories help individuals in solving the complex issues they face in life as they help them to integrate different phenomema. They also aid in making predictions, thus allowing individuals to anticipate certain occurrences. On the other side, a theory can provide information relevant to a given set of people, but irrelevant to another set, following disparities in, such areas as culture.

Using a simple theory, instead of, a complex theory works best for me (Boland, 2005). This follows the ability provided by the simple theory to explain the underlying phenomena in a way that can be easily understood. Theories used to explain a similar situation n use ideas that relate with each other, thus helping in solving a complex problem, by introducing more facts. Such theories may change my practice as depending on my own knowledge limits my ability to perform. Therefore, adopting theories can help me perform my duties in a better way.

Question twoRespecting people’s freedom of choice allows them to exercise their free will, as well as personal responsibility (Callahan, 2000). In encouraging people to change to better health habits, I can promote their freedom of choice, by ensuring that I do not dictate what the people ought to do. Instead, I should give them the choice to adapt the habits or not. If the people do not intend to change their behavior, I can give them more information relating to the benefits of living a healthy lifestyle, and the consequences of practicing unhealthy health habits.

More to these, I can look for role models to encourage them to change.Question threeStrategies that can be used to improve the behavior of individuals, who choose to change, include encouraging them to smoke a lower number of cigarettes, than they did before the change. Such a strategy helps the individual to change gradually, thus boosting behavior change. Another strategy involves the use of products, which minimize the toxins associated with tobacco. More to these, one can promote the use medicinal nicotine as a substitute for smoking (Marlatt & Donovan, 2007).

Question fourThe internet provides people with a platform that connects them, despite their geographical disparities. This promotes their ability to interact with each other, leading to increased social networks. The internet benefits people as they get to communicate easily, and cheaply. However, it provides room for the development of unhealthy habits, such as internet addiction. The availability of social networks on mobile devices provides a potential for increased growth in social networks.

This follows the availability of mobile phones among a large percentage of the entire global population.Question fiveThe social cognitive theory provides four factors that determine the ability of an individual to make a difference in difficult areas of life. These include self-efficacy, outcome expectations, perceived barriers, as well as self-regulatory behavior (Ayotte, 2007). Individuals with a high degree of self-efficacy believe in their ability to make a change, given available resources, while those with a low self-efficacy do not believe they have a capacity to make a change.

Consequent to this, individuals with high self-efficacy manage to overcome their situations easily, unlike those with a low efficacy. More to this, individuals who face more barriers to change find it more difficult to change, while those that formulate effective self-regulatory mechanisms get to adapt easily to change.Question sixA number of factors account for an individual’s regression in the stages of change. A person on a mission to lose weight may record significant progress when on a structured treatment program, and then record adverse progress once they quit the structured program.

Therefore, following up such individuals, and offering them professional guidance on a continuous basis can help them to maintain their weight loss program (Latner, & Wilson, 2007).ReferencesAyotte, B. (2007). Using the Social Cognitive Theory to Investigate Physical Activity in Middle-Aged and Older Married Couples: A Dyadic Perspective. Ann Arbor: Proquest. Print.Boland, L. (2005). Critical Economic Methodology: A Personal Odyssey. London: Routledge Publishers. Print.Callahan, D. (2000). Promoting Healthy Behavior: How Much Freedom?

Whose Responsibility? Washington: Georgetown University Press. Print.Latner, J. & Wilson, G. (2007). Self-help Approaches for Obesity and Eating Disorders: Research and Practice. New York: Gilford Press. Print.Marlatt, G. & Donovan, D. (2007). Relapse Prevention: Maintenance Strategies in the Treatment of Addictive Behaviors. New York: Guilford Press. Print.