Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing - Essay Example

? Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing (Evidence Based-Practice) Motivational interviewing is aclinical approach to aid those with lifetime illness, as well as those who have mental health disorders. It is evidence based and is designed to help the affected clients overcome their problems. The main focus will be on motivational interviewing, which lays basis on a style that focuses on working with individuals as a motivational tool for behavior change. Introduction The approach is to help those who have been affected by the health problem to first rediscover themselves and focus on their own self-interests. The aim of MI is to ensuring that the changes are effective and is accepted by the client Motivational interviewing (MI) is based on four core principles: “expressing empathy, developing discrepancy, rolling with resistance, supporting self-efficacy” (Burke, Arkowitz, &Menchola, 2003). The focus will be on the issue of behavioral healthcare practices and the core principles of MI as a practice. Prevalence of This Technique In ensuring the MI approach, emphasis is laid on open-ended questions. This is used to seek information from the client and enables a summary on the area causing the patient suffering. The commitment of the client is also kept determined by the questions related to his strengths, and intentions will reflect the matter being addressed. The based provider of the approach tries to examinethe position the client is in and attempts to reason in the same way as the affected client. The order of priority is then focused to establish the major concern. For our case, a person suffering from depression will be interviewed by a medical practitioner(Hettema, Steele, & Miller, 2005). The other factor is considering the change in the normal activities of the person being questioned. This is important in that it will tell if the patient is suffering at all. The client may see what he does and not consider it to be a problem, but in a real sense, it’s a problem that requires attention (Arkowitz& Burke, 2008). For instance, a person who is depressed may argue that he is fine because he has not been taking alcohol, but this should be seen as a problem since his daily activities have changed him as a result of being unable to perform his normal activities normal. The approach is focused mainly on the client’s desire to collaborate with the proposed change. His wish to adjust to it is also important. The approach also looks at the ability of the client to respond to some issues and considers what the limits are that have been reached by the client in his journey of transformation. Most importantly, it identifies what is to be done to ensure the client’s behavior is valued and the measures to be undertaken to improve his condition (Hersen & Sturmey, 2012). When addressing the client, some issues have to be undertaken involving the language used. The language used should be positive in the sense that it creates hopes for the patient. This includes the question being directed at the patient (Brug, Spikmans, Aartsen, Breedveld, Bes, &Ferieria, 2007). The positivity of the questions creates a positive environment in which the client can be comfortable in answering them. This approach should create a scenario in which the client finds the activities that he has been dealing with have been faced before and that people have changed; although at one time the situation for others has looked hopeless, they have been assisted out of their own troubles. After creating a friendly environment, based advice or recommendations must be directed to the affected party. What the patient is suffering from should be addressed at this point; additional information is then given and expressed. Solutions should be made according to the problem at hand. The client must be listened to, and solutions must be created according to the information gathered. For instance, advice given to a man who has been affected by stress and, at the same time, has been led to taking drugs, should focus on a solution that is based on a way to solve the stress issue while also trying to solve the drug problem (Arkowitz& Burke, 2008). There are some signs that show patients are willing to cooperate to change for the better. These signs usually start with the manner in which the patient is responding to questions asked. The level of concentration may also be telling (Brug, Spikmans, Aartsen, Breedveld, Bes, &Ferieria, 2007). Questions asked by the client also show how cooperative and curious the client is while proving how the client is willing to listen to what he is being addressed about and is up against. If the client is rude in responding to questions or pays less attention to what is being addressed, then it’s an indication that what is being discussed in the room is not being taken politely. After identifying if the client is cooperative or not, a way forward must be set as a way to solve the issue affecting him. Goals are then set by the advice on what the client should achieve in a specified period to see if the advice is taking effect. The changes that should be experienced are then set and recorded and will be in relation with the time that has been given. All is then recorded, and an evaluation is done to determine if the response is positive or has not changed anything (Beutler& Harwood, 2002). Commitment is then noticed from the records. In addition, all those pledges by the client are then tested, and if change occurs, it’s recorded until the end of the period set by the specialist. It is advisable that the assessment of the procedures undertaken in the MI be preceded by a look at its relation to the specific client and whether it’s possible to be used and applied. It is possible to apply MI in other illnesses, including anxiety, and substance abuse, among others. The clients seeking help and who have been affected by the above disorders can be approached using the same procedures (Madson, Loignon, & Lane, 2009). MI is universal. It is not only for life-threatening illnesses, but also if effective for substance and drugs users who are willing to change and cooperate with the system. Diagnoses There are diagnoses and measures after the valuation of the problem; the solutions to the problem are either long-term or short-term. They can be both depending on the nature of the problem. The nature of the problem determines the nature of therapy. For instance a person affected by substance use may be undertaken through under the whole process of evaluation. After this, a recommendation will be made depending on the effect of the drug on the person. For one addicted to drug use, the whole process of counseling is undertaken. The effects of the drugs are then taken into consideration, and advice is given depending on the opinion of the affected party on the reason he engaged with the drugs in the first place. The solution will be dealt with through collaboration with the client and a program set up to help with the problem facing the patient. The long-term solutions will be structured in a way to ensure that the problem does not reoccur. For the case of the individual with a drug addiction, a solution will be set according to his preference. The issue of drugs is discussed, and past problems are then reviewed. Based off this, solutions are made based upon past experience and judgment. The measures are then implemented; they are to be undertaken in a process in relation to the record of progress (Madson, Loignon, & Lane, 2009). An improvement process is then undertaken. This includes watching and keeping the client in a system maintained to watch his records. A record is kept depending on the value to the scenario faced by the client. Supervision should be done without compromising the lifestyle of the client. Positive improvements are then noted. The process is applicable in other fields as well. They include those suffering from stress and those who are depressed due to changes in their lifestyle. The same solutions should be undertaken as a way forward in handling their own problems; the solutions lie with the MI (Hettema, Steele, & Miller, 2005). The most important way to deal with the complications affecting the mind is by ensuring that the person tells his view about the matter and that a professional intervention is done depending on the seriousness of the matter. Conclusion Motivational interviewing is a client-centered style of interviewing designed to collaboratively engage the client in the process of preparing for behavior change. It’s the best method of compare to other means of interventions. The motivational interview is an inclusive one in which the voice of the client is kept in consideration. Solutions are made based on an analytical perspective, and they are based on the opinion of the client. Motivational-based therapy is the best therapy in treating the problems after the MI has been undertaken. In addition to MI, it usually involves the client being subjected to positive advice to solve the situation at hand. After an individual has gone through sessions with an expert, a motivational-based therapy is recommended (Arkowitz& Burke, 2008). The motivational interview approach is usually found to be effective due to its involvement with the entire party and in somehow solving the problems with respect to the issues at hand. References Arkowitz, H. & Burke, B. L. (2008). Motivational interviewing as an integrative framework for the treatment of depression. In H. Arkowitz, H.A. Westra, W.R. Miller, & S. Rollnick (Eds.), Motivational interviewing in the treatment of psychological problems (pp. 145– 172). New York: Guilford Press. Beutler, L. E., & Harwood, T. M. (2002). What is and can be attributed to the therapeutic relationship? Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 32, 25–33. Brug, J., Spikmans, F., Aartsen, C., Breedveld, B., Bes, R., & Ferieria, I. (2007). Training dietitians in basic motivational interviewing skills results in changes in their counseling style and in lower saturated fat intakes in their patients. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 39, 8–12. Burke, B. L., Arkowitz, H., & Menchola, M. (2003). The efficacy of motivational interviewing: A meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71, 843–861. Hersen, M & Sturmey, P. (2012). Handbook of Evidence-Based Practice in Clinical Psychology, Adult Disorders. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Retrieved from http://books.google.co.ke/books?id=YCKtRabWrkIC&pg=PT224&dq=Effectiveness+of+Motivational+interviewing+%28evidence+based-practice%29&hl=en&sa=X&ei=nlF1UdO6PIWQtQa1uoDwBA&redir_esc=y Hettema, J., Steele, J., & Miller, W. (2005). Motivational Interviewing. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 91–111. Madson, M. B., Loignon, A.C., & Lane, C. (2009). Training in motivational interviewing: A systematic review. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 36, 101–109. Read More