Solving and Analysis - Math Problem Example

Problem Solving and Analysis Name Department Part A Leaning goals How to incorporate the goal Understanding how the team works Forming, norming, storming, and performing. When forming teaming teams, make sure there is a balance so as to have a diverse set of personalities, skills and perspectives. Selecting and developing the right people. By using recruiting skills like hiring people-aptitude test, using recruitment tests, inbox testing and asking questions. Delegating Effectively By assigning work to the right people and clearly outlining expectations more can be accomplished by the team. Trusting members to do the right work since they have the right skills. Motivating members Get to know the team members on a personal level to be able to motivate them better. communicating Letting the team know what is happening and keeping them informed as much as possible. There should be team briefing and also the ability to facilitate effectively to guide the team to better understanding and act as a moderator when applicable. Dealing with members conflicts By understanding and appreciating the various viewpoints involved in conflict is the main factor In its resolutions. Stat by acknowledging the conflict, discuss the impact, agree to a cooperative process. The management to use is to use influence with a team of people to achieve the goals. This will involve applying the right leadership tool for the situation. One must be able to create a vision and it is important to set easily understandable goals and be able to influence people. Good coaching should be practiced in order to help the team succeed. When appropriate, delegation should be practiced. It is vital to delegate end goals, not particular tasks: let people figure out how to do it themselves. Be willing to make personal decisions, to admit to mistakes without taking credit for success, and to deal with the full range of issues. A vision must be created Flood-prone sites in greater Brisbane that have substantial physical infrastructure subject to flood damage. Brisbane River is the greatest river in southeast Queensland. Its source is in Brisbane Range 120 km northwest of the city of Brisbane. From that point it makes its way south before meeting the Stanley River, just downstream of Somerset Dam, to run into Lake Wivenhoe, the main water supply of Brisbane. Part B: Statistical Component The following statistical data relate to Cooyar site within the Brisbane catchment. Period Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan 1971 period 3.3 41.7 41.6 118.9 272.8 160.4 1972 period 40.5 52.6 85.1 73.6 155.8 139.2 1973 period 5.3 2.1 233.3 72.4 96.5 117.6 1974 period 76.1 40.7 68.8 92.1 62.9 376.6 1975 period 29.6 71.4 51.4 130.8 82.4 122.2 1976 period 51.2 79.2 81.6 57.8 161.6 99.2 1977 period 1 122.4 48 175.2 72.2 62.2 1978 period 7.8 4.6 12.2 48.8 7.4 98.6 1979 period 75.8 73.6 40.6 68.2 130.9 37.5 1980 period 5 16.2 74.2 116.8 157.6 142.8 1981 period 9.6 0 117.8 35.8 137.8 31.8 1982 period 45 1.4 2.7 156.8 149.4 94 1983 period 10 57.4 37.2 0.4 71.7 69 1984 period 33.4 24 152.3 133 97.8 89 1985 period 25 8 63 54.4 73 105 1986 period 35 60 58 31.6 92.9 51 1987 period 53 14 145 92.4 47 103.2 1988 period 26 0 110 45.2 123.2 139.8 1989 period 55 33 9 32.4 85 123 1990 period 34 12 49 148.6 89.2 84 1991 period 7 3 36 47 83 112 1992 period 0 7 68.5 122 148 70 1993 period 33 62 28 51.5 61 43 1994 period 9 38 18 15 125 63 1995 period 0 23 37 12 58 114.9 1996 period 11 37.5 36 288 165 222 1997 period 42.5 74 51 59.5 88 0 1998 period 10 79 101 53 130 129 1999 period 71 159 10 60.6 137 103.5 2000 period 62 20 101 65.5 222 112 2001 period 8 13 80.5 97.7 94 102.6 2002 period 6 32 49.5 200 111 10.6 2003 period 68 3 72 22 78 2 2004 period 34.5 7 84.5 11 173 249.5 2005 period 19.2 17.9 72 158.2 168.8 87.2 2006 period 7.6 30.4 110.2 70 88.8 129.8 2007 period 10.2 60.4 23.8 63.2 144.8 48.4 2008 period 65 26.6 71.6 85.2 92.6 87.4 2009 period 9 81.5 35.5 227.4 75 91.7 2010 period 3.5 18.2 31.6 45.3 77.5 85.5 2011 period 116.1 169.5 141.6 31 357.5 290.5 The data has been based on a six months period starting from August to January. This report summarizes the data using numerical statistics and graphs. Statistics Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Mean 29.6146 40.8854 66.8317 84.6415 1.1817E2 1.0733E2 Median 25.0000 30.4000 58.0000 65.5000 96.5000 99.2000 Mode 0.00a 0.00a 36.00a 0.40a 7.40a 112.00 Std. Deviation 2.74156E1 4.05843E1 4.60351E1 6.24537E1 6.24584E1 7.24905E1 Range 116.10 169.50 230.60 287.60 350.10 376.60 Minimum 0.00 0.00 2.70 0.40 7.40 0.00 Maximum 116.10 169.50 233.30 288.00 357.50 376.60 Sum 1214.20 1676.30 2740.10 3470.30 4845.10 4400.70 a. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown The table above shows that on average the month of January experiences the highest amount of rainfall of 107.33 mm with the highest recorded at 376.60mm. It is also clear that across the years the months of October to December experiences rainfall but the months of August, September and January do not experience any rainfall in some years. This means that Brisbane residents have to be prepared to handle cases of flood from October to December. The highest instance of flood is likely to be experienced in January since it records the highest amount of rainfall of 376.00 mm which is enough to cause a disaster in case it rains. The month of august shows some consistency in its rainfall experience since its standard deviation is the least (27.41 mm). According to World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) (2012), this means that Brisbane residents can prepare in advance to handle the short rains of August since its experience is not expected to deviate so much from the previous periods. However, they should have contingency plans to address the unforeseen high amount of rainfall in the month of January as it is known to have differing amount across the years. This is indicated by its large standard deviation of 72.49 mm. most Augusts and Septembers have not been experiencing any rainfall as shown by their mode of zero rainfall. In most cases the month of January experience rainfall amount of 112.00 mm as indicated by the mode. The graph below shows the distribution of rainfall for periods 1971 to 2011. Part C Hydrologists selected by the Insurance Council of Australia to examine events leading to flood damage alleges in Brisbane, Toowoomba, Ipswich and the Lockyer Valley believe the Brisbane flood experience to be a “dam release flood.” That is, in their outlook release of water from the Wivenhoe Dam was a main contributor to the flooding downstream throughout the period from11th to12th January 2011. This does not mean fault, but simply recognizes that the water that brought much of the harm came from dam discharges. In January the same year, Wivenhoe Dam was called upon to hold massive inflows composed of surface runoff from the upstream collecting area, discharges from Somerset Dam and straight rainfall into the lake. The larger the volumes and pace of inflow, the less effectual are dams in extenuating flood runs, and the more forced are management options for dam operatives. According to a Seqwater account into the January 2011 flood incident operational choices were made in accord with the handbook. Dam outflows were deferred until it was plain that no other alternative was available devoid of risking the security of the dams. The complementary act between keeping as much water as possible and discharging water to make space for more significant inflows has been mechanized to some extent with the actions manual directing that the water discharge strategy selected at any point in instance will depend on the definite water height in the dam, as well as modeling forecasts about future water height. The later are to be prepared using the greatest available predict rainfall and stream run information. In the consequences of the 2011 January flood, a senior Wivenhoe engineer has affirmed before the Commission of query that doubt in BoM rainfall predict and the paucity of rainfall gauges in the catchment right away above the Wivenhoe Dam lead them to wrap up that the rain forecasts were not sufficiently dependable to form the basis for equipped decision making. Seqwater state that there were space in the information on which equipped decisions wanted to be made, despite them having obtainable the best rainfall gauge of the entire dam itself. Calculating coverage area Not barely have the latest floods in the Brisbane area being overwhelming, but the strength and effect of flooding has been a rising anxiety world-wide. The amount and severity of flood occurrence have amplified over the past two decades and the resultant aftermath of flooding has been further severe than preceding flood events, with growing social and financial costs to correct. The effect of flooding on societies is extensive and it characteristically includes harm to property, society infrastructure, the home economy and the surroundings, and causes person and community suffering and hardship. Flooding can take place in a range of different areas due to several reasons. Any main town or city situated in a river gorge can be subject to different degrees of flooding. Although the danger of flooding can be compacted by the construction of flood alleviation works, like levee banks and spillways, flood prone areas cannot be certain to be flood liberated. Different ecological changes and the fast increase of urban growth only raise the risk of water run-off and these latest and expanding town areas can also change preceding flood levels. As population enlargement and development raises rapidly in the area, urban flood risk will enlarge unless actions are taken to alleviate flood risk. Proceeding to the 2011 floods, overflowing in the Brisbane area has resulted in the loss of 32 lives and harsh spoil to over 9,000 houses. Before, the last widespread main flood in Brisbane took place in 1974, and was mostly due to the arrangement of lasting intense precipitation and tidal surges in the Brisbane riverways scheme. With the city having knowledgeable a number of lesser flood events since, the probable effects of flooding had still been an apprehension to the common public, especially in the lower lying internal city outer edge of Brisbane or those near to the Brisbane River scheme. The 2011 floods comprehended these potential effects, and also verified how underprepared the society was in facing the likely disaster. Spatial analysis comprises any of the official techniques which study units using their topological, arithmetical, or geographic, characteristics. It correctly refers to a diversity of techniques, many still in their early growth, by means of different logical approaches and practical in fields as assorted as astronomy, with its researches of the assignment of galaxies in the space, to chip invention engineering, with its application of 'place and way’ algorithms to make complex cabling structures. Part D: Public health and environmental aspects The impacts of floods are felt both by individuals and communities. Floods have economic, social and environmental impacts. The impacts of floods differ depending on the locality and the extent of flood. It also depends on the value and how vulnerable the constructed and natural environments are affected. The immediate impacts of flooding are death of human beings and worsening of conditions of health as a result of waterborne diseases. Victims of flooding are psychologically impaired and their families are equally traumatized for long periods. The loss of loved ones and a family member impacts heavily especially on little children. Disruption and destruction of industry leads to loss of livelihoods. Infrastructural damages brings about long term impacts for instance, there is no supply of clean water, treatment of waste water and health care. The impact of floods on rental market is substantial. Tenants are displaced from rental properties which by extension causes pressure on rental supply as these tenants migrate to unaffected places. Brisbane city is growing fast and its population density has increased greatly compared year 1974. As a matter of fact the population of south east Queensland is anticipated to increase by 1.538 million compared to 2006 population. Brisbane city is expected to absorb 15% of this increase. There is still need to plan responsibly in order to address the climatic change of the area and geography of the city bearing in mind that Wivenhoe Dam cannot help much in mitigating the flood should it occur. Flooding worsens the areas that have already been interfered with by human activities. That is, they degrade systems that are already degraded (Kingsford, 2000). The vegetation around and inside the rivers are removed increase soil erosion and causes the transfer of nutrients and other sediments which impacts on the quality of water downstream. The destruction of this vegetation disrupts the habitat of aquatic animals and also causes weed dispersal, pollution and loss of wetlands functions such as recreation areas. Part E Flood Risk Assessment Flood risk management There has been various risk management issues in Brisbane. Very many homes have become prone to flooding, especially creek and river flooding. There are very many other homes which would be prone to flooding though there has been substantial control. The Brisbane community expects to live with minimal flood risks and non unaccepted flood risks to both their lives and properties. Various changes in nature and the responsibility for flood risk management in the legislation require that there is addressing of various issues as discussed in the upcoming sections. There should be an assessment of the flooding extent across Brisbane for the purposes of the emergency flood planning. This is an assessment that has been largely ignored by so many studies. When flood prone areas are being zoned, the council should consider the change of names from the hydraulic categories, limit of fill and the water way zone. These are areas that have an effect on control of the use of the land across floodplains and creeks. Usages of such terms as floodway and flood fringe have a better reflection of the purposes and importance of the land under consideration. A method of prioritizing, assessing and managing floods that are largely due local runoffs and overland flows to the creeks of Brisbane should be determined. Management of flooding can consume a lot of time as well as resources. MEASURES OF MANAGING FLOODS There are various measures in the realm of management that can be used to control floods in this area. They have components that they identify with as well. 1. Non structural measures are those that aim at mitigating the susceptibility of other developments such as existing ones as well as new ones to flooding. This mainly involves the action of keeping people away from floodwaters. Components involved in this are: - Buying back of houses that are subject to high frequency flooding Management of the environment through environmental sustainability and planning processes geared at best practice Land use controls such as planning in the process of flood management 2. Structural measures aim at physical modification of the natural process of flooding and reduction of the frequency and impact of flooding. This process also involves the design of structural controls of the floods as well as proper maintenance after construction. Developing and control of buildings where there is appropriate development and controls of buildings for the areas that is prone to flooding. 3. Measures of flood preparedness involve making the public ready for floods. This measure entails Management planning of flood risks which involves the development and implementation of a flood risk implementation process. Review of flood study procedures and analysis of results Development of an adequate “flood information management system”. Forecasting and warning of floods Insurance against floods 4. Flood emergency measures are geared towards helping the affected people towards coping and recovering from the after effects of floods. This can be through development of an emergency system for the Brisbane floodplains. References Halligan L. (2004) Counting the cost of global warming. The Sunday Telegraph Money Section, September 26 2004, pp 24 Eves C. (2004) The impact of flooding on residential property buyer behavior: an England and Australian comparison of flood affected property. Brisbane City Council (2011) Independent Review of Brisbane City Council’s Response to the January 2011 Flood World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) website, 2012. What are the negative social impacts of flooding? Viewed 27 August 2012. Kingsford, R. T., 2000. Ecological impacts of dams, water diversions and river management on floodplain wetlands in Australia, Austral Ecology, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 109-127. Read More