Written and pressntation - Assignment Example

Psoriasis is characterized by abnormal differentiation of the keratinocytes, epidermal hyperplasia and high concentration of neutrophils (Gudjonsson et al., 2004). Psoriasis results in proliferation and dilatation of the skin blood vessels and thereby increases the concentration of the inflammatory cells in the dermis. Many systemic disorders are found to be related to Psoriasis such as diabetes mellitus, Crohn’s disease, cardiovascular disease, cancer, obesity, depression, and metabolic syndrome.

(Mak, Hundhausen & Nestle, 2010). The types of psoriasis are Plaque psoriasis, Flexural Psoriasis, Seborrheic psoriasis, Guttate psoriasis, Postilar psoriasis, non-Postular Palmar Plantar psoriasis, and Nail psoriasis. The most common form of psoriasis is the plaque psoriasis which accounts for 90% of the cases (Roberson & Bowcock, 2010). As psoriasis is characterized by the keratinocyte concentration, a variation in the maturation and production of these keratinocytes leads to the increased inflammation and promotes angiogenesis (Quesniaux, Ryffel & Pavoda, 2009).

Psoriasis was initially considered as an autoimmune disease mediated by Th 1 Lymphocytes but the recent studies have found that IL- 23, IL- 22 and Th 17 are the important mediators of the disease (Gudjonsson et al., 2004). IL -22 was found to be at high concentration in the psoriasis patients whereas in the healthy persons, the molecule was not detectable. The treatment with Cyclosporin A has reduced the IL- 17 and IL 22 gene expression in the psoriasis patients (Gudjonsson et al., 2004). The inflammatory nature of the skin clearly proves that the immune cells react with an unidentified antigen in the body.

Genome wide linkage studies were performed, to identify the key factor in the chromosomes. It was found that human leukocyte antigens (HLA) have a significant association with psoriasis. HLA A, HLA B and HLA C linkage to psoriasis was confirmed