Nutrition project 1 - Essay Example

Our mouth contains tongue and teeth which helps in mechanical digestion that is breaking down the food into particles, chewing and then swallowing. Next part is oesophagus which is very elastic as well as muscular and helps the food go downward by involuntary contractions of the muscles. Next is stomach, it secrets gastric juices it process the food churn further. Basically protein or fat parts of foods are chemically digested here. As 85% of rice is actually carbohydrate so its absorption is done in the small intestine.

Carbohydrates are at first hydrolyzed to monosaccharide. Salivary alpha amylase and ptyalin begins the digestion of starch in mouth. Pancreatic amylase further digests it into small intestine. Starch than breaks down into alpha dextrin which then digested by gluco-amylase into maltose and maltotriose. Disaccharides are also hydrolyzing to monosaccharides by enzymes like maltose, isomaltase, sucrase and lactase which are present in brush boarder of the small intestine. The absorption occurs through the brush boarder epithelium covering villi.

Chicken has highest level of protein in it. Where milk and rice also have some amount of protein.Protein digestion is mainly done in two organs of human body. It starts at stomach and end with accomplishment in small intestine. Proteins are made of with complex organic molecules such carbon, oxygen, sulphur, hydrogen, nitrogen and amino acids chain. Digestion initiates at stomach with the secretion of hydrochloric acid and enzyme called pepsin. It breaks protein bonds now individual protein digests by proteases and proteinases which called hydrolysis process.

Protein molecule now transform into in its simplest form peptones and proteose. Now they leave the stomach and enter into small intestine. The output of stomach in called chime it is highly acidic in nature. It mixes with alkaline and become neutral in small intestine. Pancreatic digestive enzyme trypsin and chymotripsin