Finance & Accounting Essays

Portfolio analysis studies the performance of different portfolios under different circumstances (Reilly and Brown, 2011). It can also be defined as the analysis of company’s product market mix in order to determine the optimal allocation of the company resources.

Systems find applications here because they assist in testing controls, reviewing trends, and analyzing patterns within digits of critical numeric fields. The automated tools utilized in this important exercise also help in the assurance provision of data related to finance, strategic management, organizational operations, and compliance.

The financial controller proposed a termination of the production of the product while the marketing manager suggested a £1 per unit reduction in the price so as to increase the demand of the product. On the other hand, the managing director thought that a 10% increase in both sales and activity across the board would make a difference.

Generally, Asado is a cafeteria that is aimed at providing quality food and excellent services to local and foreign consumers who visit Dubai. With a target sale of 1,200,000-2,000,000 AED, Asado is focused on making our guests experience first-class services as well as extensive entertainment 7 days a week.

The second chapter, titled ‘Interest Rate Swaps’ provides a comprehensive understanding of the working and valuation of the swaps. At the very beginning of the chapter, the characteristics of swaps are explained that what the essential attribute of any transaction in order for it to qualify being called as a swap arrangement.

The organizations selected from the UK oil and gas sector are BP, BG Group and Royal Dutch Shell. Full details on the rationale behind the selection are provided in the industries selected section. It is the intent to apply precisely the same financial ratios to each in order to compare and contrast each on a like for like basis.

The paper provides insightful information pertaining to the imperativeness of mergers that are gaining prominence in the current business world. The approach is used as a performance strategy since it enables institutions to combine resources and the requisite synergies with an aim of enhancing competitiveness. Mergers are formulated on mutual ideals and set guidelines that are evaluated properly.

Introduction A series of bank failures and corporate scandals in United States over the last decade not only affected the US economy but also crashed the global financial system as a whole. The 2008 financial crisis is considered the worst financial crisis after the Great Depression in 1930s.

This is an entrepreneurial project proposal that is aimed at wooing the financial support of a business funding agency and can capture a reasonable market size. It will entail all the required concepts in the project proposal; plus the business marketing fundamentals that are viable to make meaningful returns. It must present a convincing idea.

Behavioral finance is a branch of finance that handles finance using psychology-based theories to explain anomalies experienced in the stock market. The individuals’ decision to invest depends on the influence of the stock market outcomes. Market analysis will determine if individuals will purchase stock. The behavior of individuals psychologically depends on whether an individual will react to the current market structures.

In 2012, the executive directors and senior managers at publisher Trinity Mirror experienced a pay freeze the fourth time. The shareholders went ahead and voted against the remuneration report with 54 per cent. The performance of the company was not convincing to the shareholders after a series of losses and reduced sales.

Introduction Mr. George is planning to set up a business to import chocolate from Switzerland and sell it in the USA through internet and credit cards. The business proposal for retailing of fine Swiss chocolates given by George has been analyzed based on the information provided.

Decision making is a crucial thing for operating businesses in a rock solid manner and also securing their long run sustainability. Investment in businesses is risky and their returns have to be estimated in proper manner. In estimating the returns of the long term investment projects, capital budgeting techniques are widely used.

The share price performance shows the strength of an industry in the market. Share performance portrays the returns on shares in a given period. Bank Muscat decides on the period over which the shares/stocks returns are measured. Bank Muscat’s share price in the market portrays a constant trend that has minimal changes.

It has been 40 years since Aztec Catering has been serving the catering needs of businesses, schools, colleges, retirement homes and hospitals. The company offers its services throughout the United Kingdom however the main focus has been in the Midlands and South regions of United Kingdom.

A contextualised analysis of Morrison (WM) Supermarkets PLC Overview of the Company The food retailing market in the United Kingdom is very competitive (Competition Commission, 2000). Food retailers have expanded their business activities in many ways. The total grocery market has grown from £93.3 billion in 1998 to £146.3 billion in 2008.

This study found overall support for both the hypotheses, in which it was concluded that there exists a statistically significant impact and extremely positive correlation between the overall HR policies, in particular, the selection and recruitment strategies and the organizational performance of the Al-Rayyan Bank, Qatar.

Aztec Catering has been successfully serving its client base for the last 40 years. This success can be attributed to the considerate strategic plan of the group. Aztec Catering in order to compete successfully with its main competitor Compass has been developing sound strategic and financial objectives. It also implements considerate strategy-taking measures for the successful implementation of these strategies and objectives.

The financial ratios interpreted in this section include all the liquidity ratios, some of the profitability ratios (Return on equity and return on capital employed), gearing ratios, interest cover, and some of the investor's ratios. Questions C and D have been answered in appendices 2 and 3 respectively.

The national institutes of health have lately faced numerous funding problems especially funding treatment studies. The current funds are good enough to fund the “valley of Death”, particularly between the bench science and clinical trial. The main reason for these funding problems is highly pegged on financial constraints.

XX Chemical can identify the sensitivity of its capital investment in different countries. There are different methods to conduct sensitivity analysis to identify the financial and economic effects of capital investment. But, all aim to estimate the future possibility of return from an investment if the assumption and forecasted variables turn out to be unreliable.

The type of leadership also has implications for interpersonal relations and overall success. Though a leader may be knowledgeable, reliable, conscientious, without concern for others he/she cannot succeed. The analysis has also shown that conflict is inevitable in organizations as a result of interpersonal relationships but dealt with constructively, it can lead to team success.

Training and expert advice should be provided in order to counteract the attack from computer use. Computer hacking and technical expertise are required to investigate such crimes before they can occur or prevent their occurrence. It will help officers to prevent such frauds and give them a better understanding of the situation (National White Collar Crime Centre, 2002).

The researcher states that there are words and terms in a business language that are used to mean one thing but different in ordinary language usage influencing a person to survey the transactions and also get an insight of how business activities are transacted. The process of record making is called bookkeeping.

Shell oil and Energy Company is a multinational whose parent company is the Royal Dutch Shell. The company has invested in the energy segment being one of the major players in exploration, extraction and sale of the commodity.

The financial crisis started in the year 2007 and spread with intense in 2008 despite of the central banks and regulators effort to calm it down (Merkel, 2012). In early 2009, the global economy was experiencing recession and the only way out was to focus was on preventing the downtown from prolonging to a great depression.

Table of Contents Introduction 2 Question 1 3 Identification and Assessment of long-term finance sources Used by Lloyds Banking Group 3 Question 2 11 An Evaluation of the Role of the Management Accountant in Lloyds Banking Group 11 Question 3 17 Identification of the Analytical Technique along with Suitable Alternative 17

Free markets can be a solution to environmental challenges, and can be more successful compared to no-market based approaches in solving majority of diverse environmental problems. The emphasis on free-market to solve environmental challenges can be seen as somehow ironic since environmental problems have frequently been seen as a form of market failure.

The analysis for identifying the stocks for this purpose needs to consider many factors such as the growth prospects, stability, growth in the earnings, market leadership, and dividend policy of the companies. This paper focuses on dividend policy, one of the important determinants of the share prices and criteria for investment.

There is a continuous argument in the audit circle on whether earnings management is another form of fraud. Fraudulent financial reporting engages deliberate misstatements or exclusion of figures or dissemination in financial statements as a part of a design to “manage earnings.” An external auditor should pay great attention to ‘earnings management ‘and the ‘quality of earnings and how earnings management is associated to and may be tantamount to fraud.

In the eurozone, consisting of Greece, Portugal, Ireland, Italy and Spain, there had been a continuing economic crisis due to problematic sovereign debt and an increase in borrowing costs. The euro crisis has affected as well as threatened the economy of the eurozone and may also adversely affect the future growth of the Euro, the currency of the European countries.

The company helps in the smooth flow of about 7 million people as well as 200,000 businesses in the North West and it does this by the provision of fresh and clean water daily. The company also takes away and treats the North West waste water which then helps in keeping the beaches and rivers quite clean. 

The author provides the SWOT analysis illustrating certain aspects of challenges faced by Costco and the strategy it hopes will improve upon its current market share. Being a major player in the wholesale retailer industry, Costco has devised its own unique approach to create its own niche in the market and face the industry's challenges.

Being a port, the place has been greeting several individuals from different cultures and backgrounds. It has become one of the most popular countries after the discovery of oil thereby leading to greater developments in the country that once was involved only in fishing, pearl diving, and trading.

The company has no debt and is equally divided in terms of ownership among five private individuals. Differing debt and equity funding opportunities present their own challenges, advantages, disadvantages, and sets of relationships, with equity financing offering greater flexibility on the surface and reduced impact on cash flows, but likewise compromised by its tendency to dilute control, etc.

The concept of working capital trade-off is related to the relationship between profitability and liquidity. Trade-off simply means getting one opportunity at the cost of other. Companies applying the theory of risk and return, and decide whether they have the potential to undertake risk or they want to ensure guaranteed income.

The basis of the empirical research of this study is time series analysis. Three stationary time series are used as data samples to identify relationships and make estimations. The success or failure of the methods lies in the accurate application of the tests and the validity of the choice of tests.

Various analyses and expert reports show that the Balanced Score Card influences in various ways on the performance of both the financial and non-financial measurements of organizational strategy (Brown, & McDonnell, 1995, p. 7; Simeon, & George, 2012, p. 218; Punniyamoorthy, & Murali, 2008, p. 421).

The paper, Analyzing the Stock Market Crash, discusses another stock market crisis of dot-com bubble which rose due to the rapid expansion of internet based companies which severely damaged the stock market. The crisis was followed by another crisis of terrorist attacks which were aimed at World Trade Center and Pentagon.

The feeling of accountability amongst government personnel has been critical in Britain ranging from previous decades of history. Many people have gone to greater extents and in situations where decisions are difficult to make to the extent of resignation from their various responsibilities. Individuals feel that the situations might be unfortunate yet they have to do what is to be done.

The company has operations in more than 75 countries with about 70,000 employees.  The company is listed on London Stock Exchange.  SAB Plc has changed its name to SABMiller Plc after acquiring Miller Brewing Company.  The growth of emerging economies with increasing disposable income of the middle class augurs well for the development of business.

The competitiveness of an organization in its international subsidiaries is determined by the parent company's cash flows. However, the parent firm is usually keen to establish the subsidiary project from the point of view of the net cash flows available to it since it depends on the earnings per share dividends (Summers, 1983).

Renishaw is a global company providing its customers with advanced and complex technological products. Technological advancement has helped the company in providing its customers with innovative and complex machinery to enhance their operational performance (Renishaw, 2012b). The company aims to meet the needs of the customers by providing them with products that could not only meet today’s needs but also future needs as well.

The performance of the company has a bearing on the stakeholders of the company. So the sustainability report of a company should give a balanced and logical representation of the performance of the company and extensive details of the factors which play a part in the sustainability of the company. Sustainable development aims to fulfill the present needs.

Accounting is a process of tracking record of varied transactions in an appropriate manner. Moreover, accounting is a procedure of recording transactions of businesses with relation to receipt and payment as well as incomes and expenditures.

The UK Corporate Governance Code of June 2010 was formulated with the purpose of facilitating effective, prudent and entrepreneurial management practices that can be successful for an organization in the long run. (Tricker, 2004) This purpose was based on the need for a guide to the components that make up an effective board.

As a result, Pear Ltd is at crossroads as to which budgeting, costing, and transfer pricing modules it should adopt. Pear Ltd’s management should pursue alternative methods of budgeting, costing, and transfer pricing since they avail the best chance to address issues affecting its operations.

In this essay I will discuss about how auditor scepticism is an increasing concern for the profession and stakeholders of UK Companies. As the society is becoming more complex, decision makers are increasingly provided with unreliable information (Edmund, 2005).

Corporate Finance Valuation Name Instructor Task Date Corporate Finance Valuation Executive summary This paper provides comprehensive analysis of corporate finance valuation with focus to shareholders value evaluation. The element is a potential performance or financial indicator in various corporations.

The company’s debt-to-equity ratio has increased from 0.88 to 1.72, meaning that the company has been very aggressive in financing its growth using borrowed capital. As much as this could be a growth strategy, the management should be more cautious because this may lead to volatile earnings. Interest expenses are likely to increase significantly.