Finance & Accounting Essays

In this regard, it is worth mentioning that Bitcoin, acting as an efficient digital currency system, takes into concern certain core software programs that restrict conducting unfair practices such as hacking attempts. Thus, Bitcoin plays a decisive role in making the system of digital currency quite standardized.

Credit rating agencies are firms that rate a debtor's creditworthiness. This refers to a person or a company's ability to pay back a loan timely or their likelihood of default payment. These agencies can also be involved in the rating of the creditworthiness of loaners of liability obligations as well as servicing of the underlying debts.

To be certainly practical, financial policies and regulations should always be forward-looking. Moreover, formulated to accommodate the challenges of managing the pace of disruptive innovation both registered and potential. Such kinds of changes are by their complexion not mainstream, and might never become so.

Social accounting, which is also referred to as social and environmental accounting or non-financial reporting is a process that entails communicating the environmental and social impact of the economic actions of companies to specific interest groups in the society and the entire society.

For the repair activities, the total labor_cost is $72,000. The total labor_cost of the entire company is $192,000.00. Table 2 (appendix section) shows the financial allocation of the maintenance_department’s supply cost_allocation. The allocation is grounded on

Another advantage is the directional choice that is related to flexibility as the trader can use them to trade downward and upward and even sideways price movements (LearnMoney.co.uk 2015).  Through the use of options strategies, the trader can reduce risks as they can allow similar leverage profit potential.

The strategy is considered a foreign direct investment because the firm possesses full control and influence on the operations of the business. 2. Assume that Live Co. has expected cash flows of

She is twenty-nine years and had worked with Seleries, a consulting firm for the past 18 months. Martha McCaskey had joined the consulting firm after completing her MBA at Harvard Business School in 1995. Before joining Seleries, McCaskey had worked at a key consumer electronics after graduating from Caltech as an electrical engineer.

It is fascinating to note that McGarrah says that “Minister’s salaries must be raised to a minimum of $1200 and a house, and to an average of $2000, throughout the country”.  The theories still hold value and the book can be utilized to witness the beginnings of the business of running a church while ascertaining fundamental principles that remain solid concepts in the current administration of church funds.

GSK’s management uses the discount rate (WACC) as a tool for making an appropriate investment proposal. When the company launches its new product into the market or starts its business operations in a new business segment, this discount rate helps the management in deciding the feasibility of the investment.

Impairment of Assets is the sudden loss in the value of an asset over and above the systematic recognition of the loss of the asset’s value through depreciation. Once the asset is revalued then the higher of the recoverable amount or the carrying value is carried forward in the books of accounts.

Verizon Communications Inc. is a telecommunications service provider that was established on June 30, 2000. The company was the result of a merger between GTE and Bell Atlantic Corp. The company’s annual revenue reports contain consolidated information on the net income of its two main divisions including all other segments of the business, such as equipment sales.

By accepting me in your prestigious program youre contributing to the development of finance in Saudi in addition to women empowerment in the country. There is a lack in female Saudi PhD holders

The share of a company is currently selling at $100.The company wants to finance its capital expenditure of $100,000 either by selling new shares or through retained earnings. If the company sells new shares the issue price will be $95. The

Formal budgets are prepared by corporations and businesses which are also referred to as a budget process. A formal budget predicts all the revenues, expenditures, and profits that could be generated by the company in the coming year. It has to be approved by the top management. It is very important for any business because corporate planning relies heavily on budgeting.

The reverse is true for companies to some extent in a TEE system. When tax smoothing comes into play, it is recommended that taxpayers should be able to choose the system of their liking. But this can fail because astute taxpayers would end up making the most out of the tax laws and people having limited knowledge are likely to pay more.

In July 2005 a portfolio manager of the company noted that a mutual fund management company was concerned over the write-ups of the groups. As a result, the security prices of the firm continued to decline considerably. The company was also noted to be investing much in shares of fortune 500 firms that emphasize value investing.

The author states that the fair value of an option on the grant date is estimated using any accepted option-pricing model that incorporates each of the following: exercise price, expected life of the option, current price of the underlying stock, expected stock return volatility, expected dividend yield, and the risk-free interest rate.

The taxes actually owed for the year are reflected as liabilities on the balance sheet as current income tax liabilities. Taxes due in future years are listed as deferred income tax liabilities. A good tax system should meet five basic conditions: fairness, adequacy, simplicity, transparency, and administrative ease.

certenities has promted the company to use both equity financing and debt financing ;both the strategies are geared towards provision of fair returns to the shareholders and the lenders. The company takes a propotionate amount of financial instruments and factors in account to

The paper discusses the debt among college students and which has had a negative impact on the economy particularly in buying their own homes. The students are continually laded by the burden of their student loans for colleges and undergraduate degrees. Once they are through with these debts and to some even before they complete the payment, they are added to yet another debt in graduate school.

This is unlike this is unlike the other existing financial reporting frameworks which, on the contrary, set rules, and regulations with

The main difference between the financial results of Alibaba and Groupon is their business strategy which yields report. Alibaba business strategy is growth strategy, in which it pursues to become a global

Monsanto is one of the companies that has learned from experience the need for CSR and will form the basis for this study analysing instances where Monsanto inflicted harm on any of the

It serves to show the success of the merger. Game Digital plc debt-equity-ratio can be used to assess the amount of capital goes into its accounts in the form of loans and determine the

The choice of determining the optimal mix of components of the capital structure is a very complex process and involves a number of different considerations. A number of different views of the capital structures need to be considered like the net corporate or personal tax, agency costs, bankruptcy cost, and pecking order.

Capital Stable funds are offered to the investors with investment preferences of having the long term returns as well as the capital appreciation of the principal amount. Such types of funds are offered to the investors who prefer to run a relatively lower level of risk and as such capital is often guaranteed in such types of products.    

The theory of mean reversion assumes that prices and returns ultimately oscillate back close to the mean or average. The perchance is to the historical standard of the value or return established on monetary average proceeds of industry. Additionally, interest rates and price-earnings ratios are affected by the mean reversion drift. 

These steps are 1) Recording, identification, and analysis of transactions in the general journal. 2) Posting the general entries into the general ledger. 3) Preparation of a trial balance.

The rapidly changing technology has had phenomenal effect on key areas of IAS, such as a firm’s revenue cycle, expenditure cycle, human resources, payroll cycle, and financial reporting systems. The technological change within the financial accounting

These funds can be obtained through short term borrowings, bank overdrafts, credit purchases or reducing the amount of inventory/stock held. It is possible

The author used to set vague goals in my mind which I often failed to achieve and this situation needed remedy. During the course, I read books on personal success approaches that have helped me to have better approaches to success. For example, Covey’s (2003) 7 habits of highly effective people totally changed by the focus on success.  

The company delivers packages and letters to around 1.1 to 7.7 million customers. It delivers packages across 220 countries in the world (Reuters, 2013). Its domestic delivery service is extended to 56 countries and International service delivery is extended to 220 countries worldwide (Reuters, 2013).

Thus, the revenues of a business are indicators of the business capability to meet its core objective of earning profits. The revenue of a business also indicates the financial performance of the business as a whole as well as the

Traditional budgeting is expensive and time-consuming. It uses about 20 % of management time, thereby reducing the time that can be used to do other important activities. In addition, Goode says that some companies use up to $1.2 billion shillings per year during the budget process. This can prove to be very expensive.

The persistence dimension tries to identify whether the reported earnings have been boosted by non-recurring items. For example, the earnings that have been increased from the sale of the firm assets such as land or a one-time reduction of the taxes rate due to tax loss as a result of tax loss carryforward would prejudice the quality of the incomes.

This is usually in the form of common and preferential stocks. This can be calculated by finding the percentage of the equity debt in relation to the total capital base of the company. The financial statements of the company show that the company has a decreasing level in the shareholder's equity of the business.

The organization has also realized that most health insurers are requesting that physicians first refer patients to therapists with an aim of reducing medical costs. The target department, within the organization,

According to Richard Pike (2002), 2nd Edition wealth management involves proper financial planning, and prudent investment decisions in terms of investment portfolio management to achieve the highest return on investment and reduce the financial risks associated with the respective investment opportunities in the market. 

Duration is the value-weighted measure of a security’s maturity or other assets that are income-generating. It considers the timing and the amount of the possible cash flow from the assets. Studying duration is important as it enables one to determine how well the timings of cash outflows match those of cash inflows.

Measuring the environmental and social impact that a corporate organization has on society. Assessing the effectiveness of corporate social (and environmental) initiatives; Making a report, based on the corporate discharge of the environmental, financial, and social responsibilities. External and internal audit systems allow a detailed assessment of corporate resources and their economic and environmental impact.

An internal audit is an independent and objective consulting and assurance activity in which the idea of adding value to enhance the operations of a company is the guiding principle. It helps the company to accomplish its objective by bringing a systematic and disciplined approach to evaluating and improving the efficiency of the company’s governance.

In this case, if the transfer price is not set right, one subsidiary usually ends up making losses while the other joy rides on the high profits. However, this situation created on both the transfer-out and the

A budget cycle includes the time during which budgets are planned, discussed, approved, and analyzed. A budget period is the actual date to which the budget applies. Therefore, a quarterly budget cycle that covers a three-month budget period will start before those three months and end afterward.

In the financial year of 2014, Coca-Cola managed to register a gross profit of 28, 109,000 dollars. After deduction of operational expenses, the company’s net income was 7,098,000 dollars. A global growth in volume of 2% and an increase in cash operations to 10.6 billion dollars were noted in the 2014 financial year.

The accountant at first identified that what is the basic knowledge of the friend so that as per the prevailing knowledge different technical terms can be selected. Such research work is done by the accountant also assisted in analyzing the fact that which types of examples will be more convenient for the friend to understand.

Accounting in its very basic sense unveils the exact position of an organization in terms of its assets, liabilities and cash position in front of its investors and stakeholders.Accounting standards if violated can lead to blemishes on the face of the organization revealing its fraudulent malpractices.

Normally, e-banking systems presents a series of failures regarding their use by the customers of banks. The specific failure has been identified to be related with the structure and the format of the user interface, i.e. the web-page which is used as the initial page for the user to enter the bank’s system.

Trading in ETFs is at some degree different to trading in a particular stock and even to mutual funds. An ETF is like an umbrella that scopes a group of stocks in specific investing theme, as opposed to a mutual fund that is merely some group of

Clearly identify each class of stock and indicate the number of shares in 000s. 2. Identify the changes in your firms equity accounts that occurred during the most recent accounting period. Not all firms