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The study identified predefined benchmarks on a scale of 1 to 5 that would enable the interviewee to give an individualized opinion on the strengths and weaknesses of the flood emergency management approach as well as the effectiveness of the employed approach in responding to the flooding emergency.
Floods emergency management in many countries focuses mainly on the development of improved preparedness capacities. For this reason, the emergency management concept has changed from focusing primarily on emergencies’ response as well as its effects to the improved attention of increasing resilience in the communities to the floods’ impacts.
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This is far from the truth because the Paris accord gives countries the incentive to implement their own initiatives to work towards attaining the 2-degree target. Global warming has been a big challenge and the livelihood of posterity is threatened by the industrial actions of the developed countries
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A wicked problem is one that was considered as impossible or difficult to solve. The Forest policy in the country is typically developed as well as implemented at the territory, state, and national levels (Lane, 2003, p. 283). Australia possessed a clear and established institutional framework that was aimed at supporting the sustainable management and conservation of the forests in this country.
Boreholes were dug into the identified area and the rock stratum noted as well as the samples taken for further laboratory analysis. Where there was insufficient information, it was obtained from previous works. The geo-slope program was used to generate the cross-section of the area. Factors of safety under different water table levels on the fully weathered sandstone were determined.
There are major issues in the environment in the present day, and engineers require being acutely aware of the impacts of these issues. These problems on the environment include pollution among others. Pollution is the addition of undesired material in the environment in quantities that exceed the holding capacity of the environment.
People living around Newcastle airport and the RAAF Base or Williamtown have been instructed not to take bore water, and not to eat fish that has been caught nearby. Not only that but also not to eat eggs that have been laid in the nearby yard. This is the Department of Defense discovered the surrounding water was contaminated with firefighting chemicals.
In conclusion, this piece has demonstrated the factors that contribute to deforestation in the Amazon and the possible effects of deforestation. As mentioned in the essay, deforestation is anthropogenic; it is attributed to land-use risks as well as population growth. Besides that, deforestation results in the loss of tropical biodiversity.
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The use of cotton pickers in cotton plantations causes soil compaction, which affects the productivity of the land in the long run. Soil compaction causes a decrease in the soil penetration levels, soil moisture, soil air, and soil animals. The decrease in any of these components leads to a decrease in the productivity of that soil.
The report identifies the recommendations in the Pitt review as well as the contribution of the review towards reshaping the UK flood management system. The report also identifies the reasons behind the devastating nature of the 2013-14 floods in the country as well as the lessons learned from the floods.
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The implementation of the project takes place in the school curriculum for the fourth and fifth grades. However, for starters, the classrooms will be divided into two; there are those students who will purely make field trips with few notes to guide them, while the other group is given written notes for the same topic.
Climate issues relating to the London Olympic stadium are mainly tied to the high emissions of Carbon dioxide expected from the activities that occur in the stadium. That is; the activities rely highly on energy sources mainly electricity, wherewith an increase in electricity consumption, there is an increase in the CO2 released into the atmosphere
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The project will be implemented in the school in Saudi Arabia. The distinguishing characteristic of the environment is the rapid changes that have taken place in the country. Key indicators of the scale of changes can be seen in the county’s GDP becoming 6.5 times greater, population doubling from 16 million to 31 million, and carbon emissions rising by around 40%.
The paper “Process Safety and Environment Safety” is an informative version of a math problem on environmental studies. The Pasquill-Gifford formula provides an outline of the dispersion coefficient and stability classes. It assumes that the Gaussian materials can be spread out through a normal process of distribution.
Some of the factors that pose challenges to Melbourne Water include the growing population, higher water demand in both residential areas and industrial sectors, and more water waste as well as environmental factors like climate change. The suggested solutions include recycling water, water usage regulation, and restriction and increasing the number of treatment plants.
This case study seeks to uncover the factors leading to an increase in the need for more water by the residents of Melbourne and possible solutions towards the same. This increased need has made the company encounter several challenges in ensuring a reliable and sustainable water supply for the residents of Melbourne as outlined in this report.
The classification of waste, especially hazardous waste, involves the identification of contaminants that are most likely to be in the waste product, their sampling, and analysis. According to the Victoria EPA classification, evidence to offer credence to the categorization should include the outcomes of the sampling and analysis.
The results proved that disease was not the cause of the fish kill. This is because scholars have indicated that when the disease is the cause of the fish kill usually a specific species is affected (Mclnich and Garman, 1998). However, this is not the case here because all the types of fish and even other living animals in the river were affected.
As described earlier, the analysis methods that would be most appropriate include the temperature and acidity of the water. Phenol Red pH Test Kit would be appropriate for the acidity test since it’s cheaper and ready to use. Water temperature can be easily determined by water surface thermometers. The measures taken would be sufficient.
As the paper tells, the most common causes of fish kill are decreased oxygen in the water or the change in the PH of the water and the reduced oxygen and changed PH can be due to factors river pollution, contamination, algae bloom, change in water temperature, toxicity, or even infectious diseases (Allison & Antonietta, 2010).
The researcher made use of first-hand information by ensuring the collection of the necessary data useful in the process of answering the research objectives. The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the waste management at the construction site in Saudi Arabia and suggest the necessary improvements after comparing it with that of the UK
Environmental pollution is a global menace that continues to affect human health and the environment in general. Most of the experienced pollution is primarily caused by human activities while those that are caused by natural causes being rare. Engineers have a significant role to play when it comes to addressing pollution problems.
The Basin Governor links the affected basin with the national government and other agencies and institutions. It is the responsibility of local administrators to prepare development plans, conduct disaster planning, and emergency rescue operations. It is also the responsibility of Metropolitan Municipalities to rehabilitate rivers located within their territorial jurisdictions.
The framework targets to achieve the objectives of the UK Government in the management and response of flooding events (LGA 2013). The objectives are as follows:
To alleviate suffering and protect human life, property, and the environment
To use the earliest opportunity available in restoring disrupted services in a bid to support the continuity of daily activities
The analysis in the paper is based on the provision in the Civil Contingencies Act which tasks the National Risk Register of Civil Emergencies (NRR) to explore and examine the underlying disasters likely to reoccur subsequently and thus providing ample updates and information on how to prevent the dangers.
In assessing these risks, it is important to understand their probability and frequency of occurrence so that appropriate action is taken. While probability shows the likelihood or chances of the adverse events occurring, frequency depicts the nature of occurrences of such events within a specific time range.
When there is a fire at any particular place usually there is smoke that comes out. Also, where there is smoke there is automatic heat that is being generated at this particular place. Therefore, it is this scenario that exists that makes it have two different horizons in the case of fire. We have both the heat horizon and the smoke horizon (Casey, 2011).
The environment is a very important asset to human beings. When it comes to its conservation, it is the responsibility of each and every person to ensure that it is not polluted in any way. We have seen various forms of pollution that have led to the degradation of the environment hence making it difficult for the living of human beings in the environment.
The petrochemical Industry focuses on producing chemicals from petroleum and petroleum refinery by-products. Basically, at the initial phases of developing and designing a chemical plant, choosing the route of the chemical process is an important design decision. Plastics comprise of large molecules and their formation process involves joining together many monomers.
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Biofuels such as ethanol can be produced from a wide range of lignocellulosic biomass like weeds, forestry and agricultural residues, waste paper, herbaceous and woody energy crops, and a significant proportion of municipal solid waste among other types of wastes (Agrimi, Pisano & Palmieri, 2012; Sarin, 2012; Wyman, 1996).
The topic of the paper is about the environment where the various issues surrounding the sustainability of the environment are explored. The other topic is an energy-efficient design that entails the different designs that can be adopted in the process of ensuring efficiency in the use of energy. The last topic is teamwork that entails the features that are common in effective team management.
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The paper will detail out the risks and opportunities for construction companies in a carbon-constrained world and will present strategies to be used by construction industries in order to survive climate change and carbon constraints. The world is faced with climate change that has taken place for millions of years.
The City of Riyadh has shown cases of population growth due to rural-urban migration, and with the increasing level of per capita in Saudi Arabia, 900kg of household waste is produced per year constituting a 2.5kg share of household waste (Arab Unity Council (AUC), 2001). This figure is evidently increasing annually.
All these stakeholders need to balance ecological, social and economic concerns to promote a viable and valuable property industry for generations to come. This can promote a healthy global community where more emphasis is placed on the interdependence between the environment and economic development.
the design has been undertaken to redefine sustainability within the context of Saudi Arabia to mean social, economic, and environmental aspects of life. It, therefore, means that the aim of the project is to focus on the practice of reusability of environmental aspects such as greywater and rainwater which are scarce in Saudi Arabia.
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Essentially, natural processes inspire constructed wetlands within the naturally occurring wetlands. According to Sahu (2014) natural wetlands bogs, swamps, marshes, and everglades are extremely productive systems that store large water volumes, offer habitats supporting different animals and plants population, recalculate nutrients, and remove contaminants from the water.
At the core of sustainability is the concept of sustainable development. According to the Brundtland report to the World Commission on Environment and Development, sustainable development refers to development that meets the present generation's needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs.
When sewage waste is released to water sources, we will see hazardous substances going to get their way into the water sources, making the water is contaminated and unfit for consumption. This is going to cause harm to both human beings and other living organisms. In addition to the two cases, water pollution can be caused by farming.
Besides, the impacts of traffic congestions are severe in Melbourne where the lives of people have been affected significantly. The following recommendations are provided for reducing traffic congestion in Melbourne.In Melbourne, the traffic congestion has been exhibiting an upward trend where the increased congestion has been associated with the increased population in Melbourne.
Contamination poses health risks to individuals, the environment, and environmental management practices. over one hundred and fifty thousand sites in Australia are exposed to toxic waste contamination. The report states that only a fraction of these sites are going through major cleanups to reduce or remove the potential health risk that they pose to human health (Carbonell, 2013).
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The AAS can be utilized to analyze the concentration of more than 62 metals within a solution, such as stormwater and its sensitivity is very high to an extent that it can measure the samples down to parts (ug/dm–3). As mentioned by Gennaro et al. (2008, p.6), the AAS technique utilizes the light wavelengths that the element has absorbed.
Plants have been adopting various physiological mechanisms in the process of responding to climate change. Besides, the current patterns of climatic changes are becoming the main concerns in various areas of both social activities and also economic activities which include agriculture and forestry (Akman, 2009).
Significantly, there have been intensive restricting processes made by the government in an effort to ensure that the population enjoys a favorable environment for purposes of diversification into such notable economical areas as agriculture. So far, the government has also ensured to effectively update its policies to meet international standards.
One of the most debated topics in the field of environmental management nowadays is the safe disposal of waste. Several provisions have been established in different countries, and internationally that enhance the safe disposal of waste with the aim of reducing its adverse effects on the environment.
Pakistan has shown inadequate political commitment in the management of disaster risks. It has focused more on the disaster response mechanism as opposed to prevention thus causing more difficulties (Lazarte 2011). However, the government has progressed in coordinating disaster response mechanisms after the 2005 earthquake.
All PM fractions are also higher in buses than cars. In the event that windows are up, the approximate level of exposure of passengers to pollutants is half that of cars. VOC concentrations for ethylene, acetylene and butadiene are also highest in buses with the exception of toluene. Moreover, CO exposure levels in buses are lower than in cars.
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According to the 2012 estimated by the Environment Agency Abu Dhabi, some 72% of the water that UAE residents use emanates from groundwater supplies. On the other hand, an estimated 21% was found to originate from desalination, while treated water accounted for 7% of the water used in the country (Leijen 2012).
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Hazardous wastes or materials may be solids, liquids, sludges, or contained gases. Alternatively; they can also be by-products of the manufacturing processes or discarded commercial products, such as pesticides or cleaning fluids. Typical hazardous wastes are known to display at least one of the four hazardous characteristics, including toxicity, ignitability, corrosively, and reactivity.
The main technologies used for desalination across the globe are categorized into the membrane and thermal technology, both of which require energy for the production of fresh water. The membrane and thermal technologies also have their own sub-categories that use different techniques (WaterUse 2011).
Australia is among the countries that have encountered the devastating effects of natural disasters. The occurrence of natural disasters has led to massive losses for the Australian economy. The major disasters include the Sydney hailstorm of 1999, the severe storms of New Castle and Hunter Valley that occurred in 2007, and the 1989 Newcastle earthquake.