Computing and Technology Building West Campus, UCLan Preston - Case Study Example

RISK ASSESSMENT COMPUTING AND TECHNOLOGY BUILDING West Campus, UClan Preston 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE BUILDING AND THE ROOMS The ground floor of the Computing and Technology Building at the West Campus of UClan Preston has its main entrance on the north side. It has more or less 37 rooms of various sizes and four stairways leading to the upper floors. One of the stairways is located near the main entrance, one on the left wing, and two on the right wing. It has a total of four comfort rooms (CM 102, 103, 136, and 146), two on each side of the building. The main entrance has two double swing doors, leading to the main reception area near the first stairway to the right. A lift is also available at the left side of the main entrance. There is a large room fronting the building measuring about 80 square meters (CM 018). Next to the reception counter is a hallway with 7 small rooms on the left (013, 012, 010, 009, 008, 007) and three larger rooms (011 & 006) on the right measuring about 70 square metres each. At the end of the hallway is a double-swing door leading to the second stairway on the left. A few metres from this door are two more doors, one on the left leading to the south side exit and a door ahead leading to the right wing. The right wing contains one large room (CM 033) measuring about 130 square metres, 3 medium size rooms (CM 040, 039, 036, and 034) at around 70 square metres (one with partition wall), two small rooms (CM 038 and 037) at around 15 to 17 square metres, one utility room (CM 035A), and two toilets (CM 035 and 031). Far south is a stairway leading to the upper floors. In its north side, the ground floor has three other medium sized rooms. One is about 21 square metres (CM 030) and 30 square metres for the other two (CM 029 and 032), with direct access from outside. There is no door in the plan leading to these rooms. On the left wing, the ground floor has four large rooms measuring about 70 to 77 square metres (CM 016, 017, 011, and 006). It has one utility room (CM 014) near the stairway and 7 smaller rooms (CM 007, 008, 009, 010, 012, 013, and 015) ranging from 4 to 14 square metres in size. The stairway has three access doors, two from outside and one from the hallway. From the stairways, access to the first floor can be made from the ground floors’ main entrance, left wing, and the right wing. In summary, the ground floor has three exit doors- one on the side of the first stairway, one on left wing (also near the stairway), and one located in the right wing just after the stairway to the south. The first floor of the building has a similar layout with the ground floor but it has more rooms due to several divisions made on larger rooms similar to the rooms below the ground floor. On the left wing for instance, the ground floor has two large rooms while the first floor has one large room (CM 119) with same size but with three smaller rooms (CM 117 and 118). There is no reception counter in the first floor but rather two smaller rooms (CM 121 and 122) measuring about 2.5 square metres each. A lift is also present in the first floor located at the same area similar to ground floor. The left wing has three rooms on the left of the hallway, one measuring about 38 square metres (CM 107), one with 18 square metres (CM 113), and one large room (CM 108) measuring about 96 square metres. At the beginning of the hallway, the floor has two comfort rooms (CM 103 and 102) and two utility rooms (CM 104 and CM 105) adjacent to each comfort room. Next to CM 102 is another narrow rectangular room (CM 106). Further south, as mentioned earlier, are two large rooms (CM 119 and CM 120), one was divided with partition wall that was further divided inside by smaller partition with an area measuring about 6 square meters. On the right side of the hallway are six separate rooms (CM 109, 110, 111,112, 114, 116, and 118) measuring from 9 to 16 square meters. Near the south stairs is one utility room (CM 115). The hallway has one double swing doors opening to the north. To the right from the stairs near CM 101, are three large rooms (CM 128, 129, and 130). On the left side of the hallway are seven rooms measuring about 14 to 15 square metres (CM 123, 124, 126, 127, 128, 131, and 132). At the end of the hallway is another stair followed by a comfort room (CM 136). In front of the stairs and the comfort are three medium size rooms (CM 134, 137, and 138) and two smaller rooms (CM 139 and 140) that can be access from the right wing hallway. At the end of the hallway to the right are one small room (CM 141) and a medium size room measuring about 70 square metres (CM 142). On right side of hallway going south are five rooms (CM 143, 144, 148, 151, and 150). On the left fronting these rooms is a utility room (CM 145), a comfort room (CM 146), and two small rooms (CM 149 and CM 147). At the end of the hallway is another stair leading to the second and ground floor. The second floor has less floor area compared to the ground and first floor considering the absence of large rooms such (CM 018 and CM 101) near the north entrance and large rooms at the end of each hallway in the south of the building. From the stairway coming from the north to the left is a hallway similar to the other floors. It has two comfort rooms fronting each other (CM 205 and CM 207), with corresponding utility rooms (CM 204, 206, 209). Similarly, there is also a lift at the beginning of this hallway. On the left side of the hallway is one large room (CM 210) with internal partition providing for another two smaller rooms (CM 211 and 211A). It also has a counter with a separate door leading to the hallway. Next to this large room is a medium size room measuring about 38 square metres (CM 215) followed by a utility room (CM 216) near the stairs. On the right of side of the hallway are four smaller rooms (CM 212, 213, 214, and 217), and an open space measuring about 8 to 10 square meters located just after the comfort room (CM 205). From the north stair to the right is one medium size room (CM 201) with two smaller rooms inside (CM 202 and CM 203). On the left side of hallway are eight small rooms (CM 218, 220, 221, 223, 224, 226, and 227). One the left are three rooms (CM 222 and 225), with one room containing another partitioned room (CM 219 and 219A). At the end of the hallway is a stair followed by comfort rooms (CM 232 and 233). On the right are three utility rooms (CM 230, 236, and 228) and three small rooms (CM 229, 231, and 237). An open space followed the comfort room measuring about18 square metres and a door leading to a large room (CM 235) and another to the left leading to room (CM 234). From room CM 235, five other rooms are present. To the right are 3 rooms (CM 240, 239, and 238) and to the left are rooms (CM 241, 242, and 243). One of the door of room CM 235 leads to a utility room (CM 245) while the other two doors are leading to room CM 234. There is also, a two-leaf double swing door leading to the south stairway (CM 2CS2). Accessible only from the stairway near the main entrance, the roof can be access through a double-swing door from the stair. To the left side of a narrow hallway is one room measuring 73 square metres. From the stair to right are two small rooms measuring about 2 and half square metres followed by a larger room that is about 97 square metres in size. 2. HAZARD LIST HAZARD LIST No. Hazard Who might be harmed and how Risk Ranking Control Measures Further Action 1 Fire Staff and Visitors who might be inside during the occurrence. In case of fire, staff and visitors inside the rooms may not be aware of a fire spreading and may be trap inside the room. HIGH Fire Sprinkler System Fire Alarm Installation of Smoke detectors in the hallways. 2 Ignition sources from electronic equipment People working on computer rooms and adjacent rooms. Overheating equipment can become an ignition source that could ignite combustible materials near the working area. HIGH Proper or suitable ventilation for computers and other peripherals. Installation of smoke detector 3 Sources of Fuel such as office paper, documents, and furniture Staff and Visitors As the source of ignition ignites fuel sources, fire may grow larger and spread quickly due to large sources of fuel. HIGH Place sources of fuel away from possible ignition sources such as computers and other electronic or electrical equipment Installation of smoke detector Provision for fire extinguishers for each room 4 A door opens towards the hallway at CM 005, CM 106, and CM 2009-12-08 During regular workings and particularly during an emergency, people walking along the hallway can be affected by this door. When the door opened by somebody, it accidentally hit people and may blocked half of the hallway during an emergency response Medium Re-orient door leaf toward the room Re-install door leaf 5 Door near stairway in the ground floor’s left wing leading directly to source of oxygen or natural flow of air. Occupants and Visitors during a fire. A fire may grow bigger due to oxygen coming from this door. HIGH Close the door since there is another door inside the stairway area. Close the door or put an automatic closing mechanism 6 Door of CM 133 and CM 135 could blocked access and exit from CM 134 and hallway respectively Occupants of room CM 134 may blocked by this door during an emergency. LOW Re-orient door Re-install door and orient it towards CM 133 and CM 135 7 Inner room CM 151 has no alternative escape route Occupants of this room may be trapped if a fire broke out in CM 150 since there is not alternative route MEDIUM Alternative route or separate two room by a hallway Install a door at CM 148 or construct a wall with a new door at CM 150 to completely separate the two rooms. 8 No alternative escape route for inner rooms CM 211 and 211A Occupant in these rooms may be trapped when a fire broke out in CM 210 MEDIUM Provide alternative route Construct a door for CM 211A towards the hallway and emergency door for CM 211 towards CM 211A or CM 215 9 Double-swing door on room CM 235 directly opens to the stairway. Occupants of room CM 235 may be at risk since the stairway can become a source of large amount of oxygen during a fire in the room. HIGH Additional door Construct additional door in either the stairway or inside CM 235 near CM 243 10 Stairway area open to hallway near CM 228 Occupants may be affected by rapid growth of fire as this stairway can be a source of oxygen. Additionally, during a fire, flames and smoke may reach this area an affect the escaping occupants and responders HIGH Additional protective door Install an additional protective door similar to CM 2CS1 3. RISK RANKING Hazard Likelihood Lx I Impact ((P+P+E)/3) Rank People Property Economy Fire 3 X 3 3 3 9 Overheating equipment 3 X 3 3 3 9 Sources of Fuel 3 X 3 3 3 9 Door Leaf Blocking the hallway 2 X 2 2 2 4 Door leading to large source of oxygen 3 X 3 3 3 9 Door leaf blocking access and exit from neighbouring rooms 1 X 1 1 1 3 No alternative escape routes on some inner rooms 2 X 3 2 2 6 Double-swing door directly opens to stairway 3 X 3 3 3 9 Stairway open directly to hallway 3 X 3 3 3 9 4. PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS Ref. # Source of Hazard Location of Hazard Trigger (s) Possible Accident Consequences Warning Devices Safeguards Contingencies Frequency Criticality Rank Comments 1 Fire In the building Electrical and Human caused Fire & Explosion Damage to property and death None None Smoke Detector/ Sprinkler/ Extinguishers High High Install safety devices 2 Overheating Equipment Computer rooms/ Offices Human / Electrical and electronic malfunction Fire & Explosion Damage to property / injury/death None None Smoke and Heat Detector/ Sprinkler/ Extinguishers High High Install safety devices 3 Sources of Fuel Offices / Utility Electrical/ Electronic/ Human Fire & Explosion Damage to property / injury/ death None None Smoke Detector/ Alarm/ Extinguishers High High Put away sources of fuel/ install safety devices 4 Blockage in the hallways In the hallway Human Delay and physical harm Injury None None Re-orientation of door leaf Medium Medium Repair and re-orient door 5 Door leading to large source of oxygen Ground floor left wing near stairway Human Rapid fire growth Damage to property/ injury/ death None None Additional door High High Close door or add secondary door 6 Door leaf blocking access or exit from other room First floor Human Delay in escape Injury None None Re-orient door Low Low Repair and re-orient door towards the room 7 No alternative escape route First floor Fire Entrapment Death None None Alternative escape route Medium Medium Construct emergency door 8 Inner rooms no alternative escape routes Second floor Fire Entrapment Death None None Alternative escape route Medium Medium Construct additional emergency door or separate rooms 9 Double-swing door in room directly open to stairway Second Floor Fire Rapid fire growth Damage to property/ injury/ death None None Add door High High Construct additional door to suppress air 10 Stairway open directly to hallway Second Floor Fire Rapid growth and spread of fire to stairway Damage to property/ injury/ death None None Add door High High Construct a new door in stairway 5. TREES a. Event Tree b. Fault Tree c. Success Tree Read More