The Commercialization of Higher Education as a Threat to the Values of Ethical Citizenship - Essay Example

A Review of Sources on the Commercialization of Education of Bok, D. (2005). Universities in the Marketplace:The Commercialization of Higher Education. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Major Idea The author is one of the leading educationists having been the president of the Harvard University. The primary question that guides the publication is whether the instance of education at the university level is always for commercial ends. Authors ideas The author puts forward that the commercial endeavors are the main objectives of the education institutions. The aspect of generating returns is developing from the sports and slowly entering the academic fields. The instance undermines the core goals of education and gives the ways that institutions can exploit to reduce the change in focus. Key points Commercial culture tends to create compromises that affect education in a negative manner. There is an increase in the level of secrecy that concerns research. The reason is that the corporate world tends to give sponsorship to study. The secrecy creates room for profits. The author argues that entrepreneurial learning tends to be a success in the short term. However, the institutions that have a chief focus on the academic values tend to emerge as the success, in the long run. The systems also tend to attain public trust that is a basis of the ability to overcome basic lucrative ventures. As a result, despite the desire to earn profits, the academic excellence is the independent variable for any educational institution. Any other experiments raise the level that results in the collision of interests. For instance, most entrepreneurial systems have difficulties in allocating funds for research in the different study fields. The case may lead to collapse of such establishments, in the long run. Chorney, T. T. (2011). The Commercialization of Higher Education as a Threat to the Values of Ethical Citizenship . New York: Saint Mary’s University. Major Idea The publication focuses on the negative impact of commercializing education. The book outlines the shift in focus from viewing students as typical consumers whole school has the opinion of a commodity. The tutors in the class have a view of being service providers rather than being guides to the entire training process. Authors ideas The author points out that commercialization of education are dependent on globalization. The other aspect that causes commercialization is the rise of sound technology. The issue of unemployment and the gap between the well-off in the economy and those who do not have also acts as a creator of commercial education. Key points Commercialization of education has made the real aspect of learning to change. The schools tend to employ hard terms of the students in a bid to win new customers. The students, on the other hand, learn with a view to passing the exam instead of gaining new knowledge. In other words, education is the acquisition of profit instead of the acquisition of knowledge. In the long run, the economy tends to experience the disadvantage. The school in the nation is incapable of raising new t\lent and skills that would be an injection to the sectors especially the service sector. The economy is thus reliant ion skills of people who did not attain the competition that the commercial education presents. The instance acts an s a danger to the whole nation. The exit of the people with vast skills in the economy will lead to lack of people with skills to venture into the education process to follow the primary objective that is impacting new knowledge. Commercialization of Education. (2014, October). Retrieved January 29, 2015, from Paper Masters: https://www.papermasters.com/commercialization-of-education.html Major Idea The internet site focuses on the different natures of commercial education. In this particular scenario, commercialization of education is not the paying of money to learn. Key points However, commercialization is the injection of funds into the school system by the corporate world. The article establishes that commercial education is a necessity that is part of the growing economy. The commercial culture arises from the shift in the focus of students’ needs as well as their demands. There are several factors that the commercial; learning depends on in order to develop. The instance includes the environment that depicts the culture, the upsurge in technology plus the demands that concerns training and learning that can be an application in the real world. Research methodology The site establishes the use of primary data as well as secondary data in the acquisition of the various data for analysis. There are the methods of interviews that are present as YouTube clips on the site. The script eventually establishes the different forms of commercial education. The instance includes the following. Research findings •Educational franchise •The sponsorship of teams that involve in the sporting activities •The school cafeteria that have corporate sponsorship •Courses and programs that have corporate sponsorship Key points The paper puts forward that the commercialization of education tends to be an avenue for the corporate world to invest in the education sector in an indirect manner. The instance ensures that the knowledge is useful at a later date as per the skills that the students possess while leaving the institutions. The instance is an advantage to the commercial organization since it improves the practice of business. Daniel, J. (2005). Eduaction Today: Higher Education for Sale. The Newsletter of UNESCO Educational Sector , pp.2-10. Major Idea The article uses the term McDonaldization of the education sector. The reason is that the McDonald as a restaurant tends to have the same characteristics as the educational sector. The hotel tends to cater for a tiny meal that people eat and the success of the restaurant is because the consumers like the food. In addition, the hotel offers a range of food products that are similar in all the places that constitute their outlet. Authors ideas The same aspect of the hotel is widespread in commercial education. Entrepreneurial education tends to apply the concept of commoditization. The character means giving people the chance to prosper through the creation of an extensive list that the people can choose to venture. The process also ensures that the people also have explicit freedom to choose. Key points Due to commoditization, competition is a part of the process. Competition, on the other hand, encourages the spread of the system to other areas around the world. The instance explains the spread of commercial education throughout the globe. However, the competition creates the disadvantages that emanate from unhealthy competition. The situation proves to be a shift from academic goals to profit goals. Unless the state steps in as the controlling aspect of the contest, the consumers will be happy with commodity while the service providers will make sure they offer what the consumers can afford. Hejwosz, D. (May 31, 2010). Students as consumers: the commercialisation of higher education in the United States of America. LIBERTE! , 23-30. Hypothesis The article declares that the aspect of commercial education does not matter the person or place that showcases its practice. In fact, the only significant point is that industrial education is part of the current world. Authors ideas The author thus has a focus on the issues that are financial and the expectations that the students have the school system. The author tends to use secondary data to examine the prevalence of education in recent times. The instance is contrary to the view of commercial culture as a necessarily evil in the past three decades. Key points The prevalence of commercial education is due to the existence of clear goals. In the event of the absence of clear objectives of industrial education, there would be only the chance of making profit out of the system. The relationship between education and business is assuming a different focus in terms of decision-making. The aspect of decision is reliant on the fact that scholars are the primary determinant of the actions in an education facility. However, in the new times, profit is also a key determinant of the decisions in education. The instance that the state should provide free education is impractical. The example that education needs costly equipment during research requires a charge that is reasonable. LIQING TAO, M. B. (2012). The Commercialization of Education. The New York Times , 12. Hypothesis The introduction of education as a commercial entity is a recent activity. The article focuses on the development of the education in various places. Authors ideas In particular, the article focuses on the industrial education in China and the West. The development of the education commences in private institutions at a lower levels. On the contrary, the incorporation of entrepreneurship in culture is prevalent in the public institutions at higher levels such as the upper institutions of learning. Key points The article establishes that the backbone of the education is reliant on the relationship that is prevalent among the teachers, the students, and the parents. The traditional perspective of the education was possible due to the lack of various aspects the commercial culture has in order to operate. In other words, commercial culture belongs to the new age. The article establishes that the industrial education is possible trough the structural adjustments that ensure the economic development of a nation. The level that explains the availability of learning also describes the advent of commercial education. The fact that education is not accessible in some parts makes commercial education viable. In addition, the article points out that there are two levels that comprise of industrial education. The administration section ensures that the institution runs as a business. On the other hand, the instructional level explains the level that ensures that school operates as a learning system. SAHU, S. (Saturday, 23 March 2013). THE COMMERCIALIZATION OF EDUCATION IN INDIA: LIES IN THE CONSTITUTION. India: Law School, Banaras Hindu University. Major Idea The publication explains the advancement of education from ancient times. The book takes a review of the importance of education for everyone. Authors ideas The article defines education as a right of humans and as an ultimate inheritance that the parents pass to theirs. The editorial then focuses on commercial education as part of the Indian constitution. The Indian constitution according to the article borrows most of its statements from the laws of the West and the laws that are in practice in Europe. Key points The piece of writing claims that the constitution explains that the elementary education is an obligation of the state and an entitlement of everyone at the same level. The argument that arises is the prevalence of the commercial education for other levels. According to the book, the elementary school is incapable of instilling useful skills to learners that are helpful in the commercial world. For this reason, any government has a mandatory task to manage the commercial education if the sector is to play a decisive objective in the consequent development of the economy. The commercialization of the higher institutions of learning such that a part of the population cannot afford to access the education is a failure of the state. The primary reason is that the provision of education is fundamental right of the citizens and a duty of the state. SCHRUM, L. (2002). Education and Commercialization: Raising Awareness. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher , 170-177. Hypothesis The script expresses that commercialization is the way of the new world. Everything has a price, and consumption cannot take placed without purchasing. The primary objective of education in the new world, therefore, justifies use. Authors ideas The author, therefore, focuses on the view of commercial education in the context of the current social as well as the economic environment. The author thus states that the instance of culture tends to institutionalize the fact of consumer materialism. Every person is willing to invest in the education in a bid to have a competitive advantage in the labor market. Key points The instance thus has led to an increase in the cases of the corporate world having an involvement in the educational sector. The aspect of marketing is also an important feature of commercial education. The promise to have an extension of the goals of learning to include a direct assistance to the programs of a learning institution is part of the marketing plan. The author thus establishes that the elimination of commercial education is impossible. However, enhancements can significantly encourage the system to be an advantage to the whole economy. The aspect of evaluation should thus be the decisive strengthening. Mukherjee, S. (06 October, 2011). Commercialisation of education stirs up a debate. merinews; power to people , 12. Major Idea Education according to the author raises debate due to its characteristics. The instance of education poses an industry that is lucrative. The business does not have any taxes and thus is an attraction to many people who tend to open tuition classes that focus on the various competitive examinations. Authors ideas The aspect of education having definite exams that have different preparations also is a point of debate. The instance also includes the view of the parent. Commercial education is receiving support from all the stakeholders. The parents tend to have a view that entrepreneurial education gives their children individual attention. The students also prefer commercial institutions due to the freedom to choose the courses and follow their dreams. However, in the case that there is no universal examination, industrial education has no definite evaluation point. Once there is no base for competition, skills and abilities that the sector focuses on becomes the definitive aspect of the schools. Key points The instance creates a loss of the academic focus. The reason is that the institutions tend to twist the programs into sessions that fit the learner’s pockets. A person can learn to the extent that his wealth is capable of reaching. The evidence is also clear. Most of the leavers of the commercial education have to undergo extra training after attaining employment. If the persons do not attend training, they are utterly unable to attempt the specific duties that comprise their career choice. The approach is thus free of regulation, and the output is not a reflection of a comprehensive learning venture. Verhoeven, J. C. (9 April 2004 ). Internationalization and commercialization of higher education in an era of globalization. Second International Academic workshop: Shenyang Educational systems in Asia and Europe , pp. 2-22. Hypothesis The article primary focus is on the various challenges that are facing the higher learning institutions in the globalization era. In addition, there is a particular interest of the different coordination procedures and efforts of the interests that face the higher educational centers. There is also a view of the extent of the changes that are affecting the educational sector around the globe. Authors ideas The challenges that face the educational sector are economic political as well as cultural. The technological part of the economy is also an important factor in the existence of higher learning. The instances require that higher education should consider a cultural approach, a competency approach as well as an activity approach that harmonizes the challenges that face the institution. Key points The instance creates the aspect of neo-liberalism. There is the creation of education facilities that result from the demand for education. The situations are valid since the globalization era experiences high completion. The female gender is also part of the competition. The situation means that the population is too large for any state to give adequate education services. The availability of the market and the labor is the primary trigger for commercial education. The state also gives the mandate for entrepreneurial education since there is the need for every citizen to access the education. Read More