Migration, the Growth of cities and Urbarn Society - Coursework Example

Migration, the Growth of Cities P Topic: Migration, the Growth of Cities and Urban Society November 12, 2007 Migration, the Growth of Cities P 2 I.Introduction Migration needs to be seen the labor movement in places wherein the highest returns may be gained. The migration which is rural-to-urban is the poverty form of reduction and support may come from the governments with the initiatives of migrants considered to be permanent as well as temporary in order to develop the infrastructure including the services while promoting the development as well as the poverty’s reduction. There are differences in terms of migration’s types wherein each type may require own policy in terms of responses to be very effective. The enterprises urban is informal of those migrants into the economy of urban areas requiring the level of playing field. Most governments may need the removal of regulations considerably discriminatory obstructing the integration that is not the formal sector in terms of activities into the urban economy’s mainstream and giving enterprises classified as small- and medium-sized enterprises accessing the space, the credit, the information in market as well as the usage of technology (Sinclair, 2007). The approach which was then recommended but absolutely rare may be followed by the Government while addressing the housing problem in urban areas providing the squatters with temporary and at the same time such security that is permanent with regards to the tenure as well as the basic infrastructure and the services. The recognition is a sufficient incentive for the residents in accelerating the improvement with the use of own resources in terms of housing. II. Body When the countries develop, urbanization also increases wherein the distribution of population may become lesser as yet slanted towards the larger cities. Many cities considered Migration, the Growth of Cities P 3 to be small and the town are said to be lacking the capacity as well as the resources in managing the areas in urban where there is an improvement in terms of life quality and the inhabitants. The governments may also develop the infrastructure as well as the other services but not only applicable to large cities, the smaller towns and cities may be considered such as the rural areas. There are also large cities which were considered to be the economic growth which may be in financial self reliant and the subsidies in urban areas may also be eliminated while the Governments may be given more attention to the cities as secondary, in the towns and rural areas. The governments also need the improvement in terms of investment in smaller towns of climate that is beside the creation of opportunities for agricultural investment. This may return the channel of migrants in order to save the income as well as the employment to generate the activities in the towns considerably smaller for the region’s benefit and eventually, there is no need to return to the said city. There is an existing wide gap viewing the urbanization as well as the migration of rural-to-urban migration among the scholars as well as the makers of policy. In the state-of-the-art on the studies’ migration there are some advantages as observed with the urban areas which were then recognized by most scholars but still not yet by most makers of the policy to develop the said countries. The broad agreement in urbanization may play the role considered as positive with the development of socio-economic and attempting such slow urbanization that is generally considered desirable. The migration of rural-to-urban is in general a migrant’s positive move, because the people may migrate if there would be economic benefits that may be expected which Migration, the Growth of Cities P 4 is also exceeding with the economic costs. This is related to the current thinking in economics in terms of labor that may be moving with the areas of high rate in low-wage differentials equaling the costs of migrations. Such research in migration may also add more components which are the basic hypothesis such as the destination’s information and the sources of contacts with the information in terms of placing the opportunities with destination which are considerably the important elements in terms of decision in migration aspect (Ray, 2007). Most of the potential migrants may also lack the full labor in information’s market and regarded as the decision with the perceived benefits compared to the actual costs/benefits. The place of utility may not also depend with the conditions of economy but regarded as environmental and the social conditions in terms of available good qualities in education with great freedom and social mobility’s opportunity. The family ties is considered to be strong in terms of the rural areas and the individual may not likely decide for migration and thus without the family’s involvement in terms of decision. There are many migrants moving as part of strategy made by family for the reason of sustaining the improvement compared to the individual endeavor. The maximization of income in household is not the main emphasis but a migrant may be moving in order to minimize the risks in economy as associated with agriculture and benefit from such comparative as well as the advantages in social and economic aspect with different locations. The overall migrants may even maximize the income of household wherein migrants may even move to the urban areas. Additionally, the rural to urban migration has the positive social impacts that also include the societal views. Like for example, most women Migration, the Growth of Cities P 5 Migrants are often adopting the fertility in urban norms that is over time while the gender roles as well as the women’s educational ideas may also change in residency in the said city. III. Conclusion The findings were not even convinced in terms of makers in policy taking the different view of migration as well as urbanization. In their view, the migration may even bring the benefits to the migrants of individual or the family that is left behind but the costs in society are classified as the individual migrant or the family that was left behind but the costs of societal areas are absolutely high for the makers of policy in accepting the migration that is the positive contribution with the known development. The makers of policy are seeing higher costs in places of migration and destination’s places. There are few cities and town which have housing that are sufficient, in terms of infrastructure including the services absorbing the inflow with most migrants. There is ending up with the informal sector housing wherein the living conditions are said to be not adequate. The authorities may even feel with the urban economy that may not absorb the additional labor with subsequent turn with the informal sector such as low employment. The argument in productivity is the urban sector that is not formal and low while the working conditions are said to be poor with evading taxes and the regulations that resulted with the financial losses and yet degradation of environment. Some of the makers of policy may feel that migrants may cause the sorts of social problems. The policy makers may even see higher migration costs that are in original places. The losing of human resources may be valuable such as the labor in agriculture and entrepreneurs including the important members of the family while slowing don the rural development (Bilsborrow, 1998). Migration, the Growth of Cities P 6 References Chapter VI. Urbanization and Internal Migration. Retrieved November 12, 2007, from http://www.unescap.org/esid/psis/population/popseries/apss158/part1_6.pdf Bilsborrow, Richard E. (1998). “The state of the art and overview of the chapters”, in, Richard E. Bilsborrow (ed.), Migration, Urbanization and Development: NewDirections and Issues, Proceedings of the Symposium on Internal Migration and Urbanization in Developing Countries, 22-24 January 1996, New York, (Massachusetts, United Nations Population Fund and Kluwer Academic Publishers), pp. 1-56. The Promise of Urban Growth. Retrieved November 12, 2007, from http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2007/english/chapter_1/index.html City Planning & Urban Development: Diversity, Sustainability & the Pursuit of Extraordinary Environmental Design by Brian R. Sinclair. Retrieved November 12, 2007, from http://www.ucalgary.ca/cities/Places_and_People/Chapter%201%20- %20City%20Planning%20&%20Urban%20Development.pdf Migration, the Growth of Cities and Urban Society. Retrieved November 12, 2007 from http://www.unfpa.org/swp/1996/ch4.htm The Role of Cities in Immigrant Integration by Brian Ray. Retrieved November 12, 2007 from http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?ID=167 Read More