The Jones Family - Essay Example

The Jones Family Essay The Jones family On the example of the text “The Jones family” the variety of psychologicalproblems could be found. First I would like to remind what holistic development of the personality looks like to examine how the reality affects the members of the Chloe family. Holistic development is understood as a natural process of personality changing as a result of socialization and one`s entry into human culture. The social conditioning of personality development carries a concrete historical character. The main feature of personality is that it is formed from early childhood in public micro- and macro relationships. So, being subject as well as the result of social relations, the personality is formed through active actions in the social environment, the transformation of the environment and of itself in the process of purposeful activity. It turns out that this process, despite its apparent fragmentation, is holistic, as the contradictions within the social situation are the driving force of the development: between the demands and expectations of society and the needs and capabilities of the child. This contradiction ensures the integrity of the individual. In particular, a holistic development is understood as a combination of “physical, personal expressive and relationship development”1. It is talking about the whole person, not only the particular features separately2. I would like to start from Chloe, whose parents were divorced, when she was not even 16. Let`s look what impact it could cause and to what consequences it can lead in social and psychological world of the girl. First, visible issue we see that Chloe rarely attends school. So, how could it influence girl`s internal world? The impact of parental divorce on the psychological state of children and their future life cannot be underestimated. The divorce in the family causes great harm to the mental health of the child. The child learns on the example of parents to build future relationships, perceive good issues, lead with crisis. Therefore, the destruction of the family cannot, but affects the psychological state of the child and his future life. Divorce is not stressful only for couples, but also it has a long and traumatic impact on the psyche of the child. The popular belief that the trauma of divorce has a fleeting impact on the child has been questioned by psychologists. Now experts believe that the strongest influence is not the wrath of the parents, but rather the years after the trauma of divorce. These include periods of sadness and loneliness, combined with feelings of anxiety and stress. In most cases it ends with that the children blame themselves for the divorce and the loss of one parent. During the decay of the family the only child is vulnerable. Those, who have brothers and sisters, much easier go through a divorce: in such situations children vent aggression or anxiety on each other, which greatly reduces the emotional stress and reduces the likelihood of a nervous breakdown. In school-age children break communication with almost all sides of their life: hobbies, friends, problems which the child faced with at school. In most cases, school performance is reduced due to the inability of the child to concentrate on the studies at home. Studies show that children in divorced families are more likely to drop out of high school without completing it, and less likely to attend higher education institutions. In addition, they have problems in relationships with peers, children often violate school rules. Divorce results in separation from parents. It was found that adults, whose parents were divorced, when they were young, had lower self-esteem and had difficulties in relationships with others. Children from divorced families enter into adolescence being worried, depressed, insecure in their abilities, and even simply angry3. Consequences of such stress for children are: Violation of adaptation in daily life; Change in perceptions of love and loyalty; about how a family should like. Children of divorced parents less likely cherish the unity of the family and do not have the skills of a positive resolution of family conflicts. Children suffer all forms of poverty harder than adults - because of their vulnerability due to age and dependency, as well as due to the fact that missed opportunities in childhood often cannot be recovered later in life. There were revealed some patterns between response to stress in dependence of sex of the child and his or her age. Girls are experiencing stress in the inner world, and the external behavior may have almost no changes, but there may be other signs of adaptation: reduced performance, excessive fatigue, depression, refusal to communicate, tearfulness, irritability. Leading feelings are sadness and resentment. Two-third of girls, many of which seem to outward their crises, reaching maturity, suddenly become deeply concerned, lose the ability to choose, feel fear of treachery and betrayal in an intimate relationship. In addition, the fact that the person being discussed is a girl has a significant effect on her relationship with the adoptive father studies show that the formation of benign relationship in this case is lower than that of boys and stepmother4. Actually, the situations similar to the life of Jones familyб cause the nature-nurture debates. Continuing this debate, the scientists agree the “human behavior is influenced by a combination of genes and the environment”5. This question is posed to understand of our nature is “determined by genetic inheritance” or it is influenced “by the environment in which we develop”6. Thus, Scarr`s opinion, who analyzed relationships between twins and children and biological and adoptive mother, is that “genotypes drive experience”7. Then John Locke was sure that human`s mind is a tabula rasa. The social approach, called Darwinism, made a kind of revolution in the psychology. Traditionally it is believed that Darwinism is opposed to Lamarckism (whose adherents believe that the main role in the evolution is played with direct adaptation to environmental conditions and / or innate desire to progress pledged in organisms). Turning back to our “Jones family”: according to the behaviorist`s theory, leading with experience, one can predict the consequences for Chloe described above - problems in social life, self-esteem problems, the projection of parental life on her own. What about the material status of the family? Judging by the described, middle class members who temporarily not work with family dependents cannot boast with high incomes. Scientists claim that children endure all forms of poverty harder than adults, because of their vulnerability due to age and dependency, as well as due to the fact that missed opportunities in childhood often cannot be recovered later in life. However, lets turn our attention back to Chloe. Now she is a teenager, and teenagers are highly dependent on the opinions of their peers. At the same time peers are hardly so considerate to omit the girl on her poverty (inability to buy a new phone, fashion boots, etc.). As a result, her social status reduces again. In addition, during the transition to adulthood it is difficult to reconcile the logic and feelings. Even if she realizes that this situation will not last forever and its objective reasons too, her hormones change does not help her to overcome negative emotions. The relationship between richness and success is quite simple, though not obligatory. Poverty is a huge possibility for appearance of stress carrying from childhood to asdoloscence8. It is one of the main causes of social inequality relationships910. In most cases, in one way or another, greater social success corresponds to a greater material prosperity, and vice versa. Naturally, it should be noted once again that now the family has a younger child, who for a long time will require increased attention and material costs. We were not given the age of the youngest child, so I do not rule out such a phenomenon as postpartum depression for Chloe`s mother, which is the reason of her bad condition. It is a state of reduced physical and emotional tone, general fatigue, which often occurs when the first vivid impression of the child birth had already passed; the fatigue accumulates, and the pleasure of communicating with a child is not enough to compensate it. From the point of view of physiology postpartum depression occurs because of intoxication. The woman suffering from postpartum depression becomes more restless and unhappy. Perhaps depression began during pregnancy and continued after delivery. Note that it is possible that Chloe`s mother was just in an unstable psychological and emotional state - in connection with the injury of a new life partner, unfavorable financial situation, problems in communicating with her eldest daughter. With regard to the demographic development of the United Kingdom, whose population was conditionally stable for 3 centuries11, attention should be paid to the following factors in favor of a positive attitude to an increase of the population: In the second half of the twentieth century, the United Kingdom has experienced a significant influx of immigrants from Asia and Africa, mostly from the former colonies and dominions. A series of programs were launched to contribute the solving of the major problems which young families faced: family conflicts because of a large number of divorces, protection of children and adolescents from violence, including urgent and catastrophic problem of violence and unhealthy conditions in the schools and so on. d. A major role was played by the Anglican Church, which readily responded to the call to organize a network of programs in counseling couples and young people. References Christine Brain, Penny Mukherji. Understanding Child Psychology. Nelson Thornes. 2005. Dale Goldhaber. The Nature-Nurture Debates: Bridging the Gap. Cambridge University Press. 2012. David B. Grusky, S. M. Ravi Kanbur, Amartya Kumar Sen. Poverty and Inequality. Stanford University Press. 2006. Diane Louise Szarkowicz. Observations and Reflections in Childhood. Cengage Learning Australia. 2006. Esther Oshiver Fisher. Impact of Divorce on the Extended Family. Psychology Press, 1982. Jeffrey Nevid. Psychology: Concepts and Applications. Cengage Learning. 2012. Lars Osberg. Economic Inequality and Poverty. M.E. Sharpe. 1991. Mavis E. Hetherington, Josephine D. Arasteh. Impact of Divorce, Single Parenting and Stepparenting on Children: A Case Study of Visual Agnosia. Psychology Press. 2014. Philip John Tyson, Dai Jones, Jonathan Elcock. Psychology in Social Context: Issues and Debates. John Wiley & Sons. 2011. Richard M. Lerner, Laurence Steinberg, PhD. Handbook of Adolescent Psychology. John Wiley & Sons. 2004. Steven Jackson. Britains Population: Demographic Issues in Contemporary Society. Routledge. 2013. Read More