Antiglobalization Arguments - Essay Example

Anti-globalization arguments seriously undervalue the benefits that globalization has delivered for all countries” Introduction: With the passage of time the world is moving swiftly and making lot of advancements every single day. These advancements have their own charm and attraction but mean while they have some negative impact on the society (Block, & Cameron, 2002). The underlying paper has critically analyzed the positive impact of globalization along with its negative repercussion. Following that the paper has discussed the concept of anti globalization and its prevailing movement. It has highlighted what it is all about. The cause of emergence of the anti globalization has also presented in the paper and its increasing impact on the benefits of globalization. The concepts of globalization is supported by the long established concept of capitalization and on contrary to that the anti globalization movement is deeply against the existence and establishment of capitalization in the world irrespective of any of it’s from. Globalization and Anti Globalization At present, the escalating development and progress in international business, the trend of globalization at economical level is almost irreversible. This era is known as the era of global integration of economies which is growing quite swiftly. Where there are some benefits related with the advent of globalization, there are certain disadvantages which are prevailing in the world, redefining the social and cultural aspects of the world. Against which, there is a movement which support and advocates the concept of anti globalization (Petras, & Veltmeyer, 2001). The anti globalization is referred to as a disputed term which is related with the network of international social movement that has gained the attention of media after the protests against WTO (World Trade Organization) in Seatle. According to Britannica the term is neither completely reactive nor defensive. It is instead a proactive movement that advocates the global democracy and global justice. The main gist of anti globalization movement is to promote the democratic globalization or alternative globalization (Engler, 2007; Fuchs, n.d.). As the name suggests the movement opposed the globalization as well as the capitalism. The philosophy behind the anti globalization believes that the organizations and the individuals can attain the personal, social and economic objectives without creating adverse consequences for the society that are linked with capitalism (Tomlinson, 1999). The movement for anti globalization aim towards the efficiency of the economy and the decency of individuals being human in opposition to the prevailing corporate competition and fight for profits at any cost (Rugman, & Collinson, 2009). Michael Hardt and Toni Negri used another term to describe the anti globalization and that is “multitude” and according them it is used as a wide, unrestrained network that facilitates the livening and working in common (Hill, & Jain, 2007). This movement of anti globalization is decentralized and spontaneous in nature. It is self organized, networked, channeled and depends on the concept of grassroots democracy (Hill, & Jain, 2007). They believe that the capitalist globalization is the outcome of comprising the system of domination across the world. While examining the different aspect of globalization it is quite necessary to study and examine the theories of globalization and anti globalization. There have been three distinct theories of globalization that includes the world culture theory, the word system theory and the world polity theory. The world culture theory says that the globalization is related with the firmness of the world and the intensity of world consciousness(Robertson,1992). This concept makes the world ideally a single place. However, living in this place needs different individuals and society to define their position regarding their relation with the system and with different perspective of human kind. Hence the confrontation of individuals and the societies involves the comparative interaction of them (Robertson, 1992). Benefits of Globalization: According to Hamdi (2013) for many developing countries globalization have very positive impact in enhancing their economic growth, stability and solving their problems of poverty. With the advent of globalization the international management and the World Bank has encouraged and facilitated the developing countries to bring the market reforms and some fundamental changes with the help of loans. Hence, many developing countries have started taking steps, removed the tariffs and excess duties and have opened their market and freed their economies. This has facilitated the investment of developed countries in the developing countries which has created many job opportunities for the people. It has been observed that the developing countries depend for the flow of resources and technology on the developed countries on the other hand the developed countries are very much dependent for the raw material, oil, food and for their markets for industrial goods on several developing countries. In addition to that the culture of many developing countries has been also altered via globalization and many cultures have imitated the traits of each other. With globalization come diversity and that is resulted in the transformation of the cultures. Critical Discussion: With the passage of time the global consciousness and interdependence has overtaken the arrival of capitalist modernity (Mittelman, 1996). This aspect of the global situation has relativezed the existence and relevance of different individuals and national societies. Keeping all this in view, it has been figured out that near the end of twentieth century. The globalization has that much affected the world adversely that it has almost turned the world order into a big problem. According to the world system theory, the entire system of the world is a historical social system of different interdependent parts that build a structure and function in accordance to the distinct rules or it defined as a unit with multiple cultural systems and with single division of labor. Inworld polity theory polity refers to a system that creates value by the combined abdication of authority (Meyer, 2007). Here the system is comprised of certain set of rules that are known as models or frames. The actors or players in the system are referred to as the entities that are constructed and motivated by pervasive and persistent frames (Boli and Thomas, 1997). The developmental theory of globalization presents two different principle meanings. The first one depicts the term as a phenomenon that entails a greater interdependence of different regions and different countries of the world in the form of trade, finance and communications. The second principle depicts the globalization as a theory of economic development that includes significant assumptions which is based on enhanced level of integration between different regions across the globe and the significant impact of this integration on social indicators as well as the economic growth (Peng, 2009). With that the anti globalization emergence has created a feeling of reaching to euphoria. And this led to enjoy the political legitimacy and the movement of decentralization as a whole. It has been witnesses by all of us that anti globalization have emerged from anti capitalism and the phenomenon is aggravated from the left wing (McManus, White, & Botten, 2008). In addition to that as the spread of capitalism and worldwide markets, the liberal international economic order has described and has been challenged by many influential political philosophers to lessen the adverse impact of capitalism on the societies (Scholte, 2005). Further, with many positive impacts, the globalization has bring some adverse impact in terms of exporting the poverty among different nations, the negative repercussions of the economic liberalization due to the increase in globalization has worst affected the world (Bauman, 2000). The major impact resulted from the excessive facilitation of globalization include the international inequality. The comparisons between the rich and the poor have so much aggravated. According to World Bank inequality is defined as the income disparity and the disparity among the standard of living of different citizens as well as different nations (Birdsall, 2002). Further, being wealthy does not necessarily means being rich. It requires the stable government, infrastructure and the ability of the nations to accumulate wealth. Hence it is very important to establish a comparatively fair and equitable system for disturbing economies and empowerment of political powers to stabilize and strengthen the governments. Conclusion: Every rise has to face the downfall and it is truly said that too much of anything is bad. Without any doubt, globalization possess many benefits and it has brought many advantages for the world in several different ways, in term of making the world better place, in facilitating the flow of capital, goods and services all over the world as well as in bringing new opportunities for the ones who have some potential to tap new and emerging markets and avail the opportunities in the best possible way. However, there are some adversities attached with the advent of globalization. The movement has created the differences and disparities among the rich and poor, it has strengthened the strong and weaker the weak persons of the society, thus facilitating the exploitation of those who are in weaker position by the hands of those who hold the better position in the society. Further, globalization is based on the concept of capitalist. Hence, against to all such prevailing situations the anti globalization movements condemns the excessive prevalence of globalization and support the prevalence of global democracy and advocates the sharing of opportunities at equal level. References Bauman, Z. (2000). Globalization: The human consequences. Columbia University Press. Birdsall, N. (2002). Asymmetric globalization: Global markets require good global politics. Center for Global Development Working Paper, vol. 12. Block, D., & Cameron, D. (Eds.). (2002). Globalization and language teaching. Routledge. Boli, J., & Thomas, G. M. (1997). World culture in the world polity: A century of international non-governmental organization. American sociological review, pp. 171-190. Engler, M. (2007). Defining the Anti-Globalization Movement. Democracy uprising, Available from http://www.democracyuprising.com/2007/04/anti-globalization-movement/ [Accessed 25th February, 2015] Fuchs, C. (n.d.). Antiglobalization. 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