Essays on Victims Role and Rights in Criminal Law

Human rights in criminal procedure: a comparative study.... The criminal law Review in 1984 made a report that elaborated on the provisions of the Sexual Offences Act and came to the conclusion that anonymity for the defendants was unnecessary as was earlier suggested by the Act and thus it became the basis for singling out rape offence defendants from defendants of other crimes.... criminal law: text, cases, and materials. ... espite the fact that all defendants in criminal proceeding are entitled to similar rights and privileges, it prudent to note that sex offences tend to fall in a slightly different order from other crimes....

The reporter states that in common law jurisdictions like England there are basically two types of law: Civil law and criminal law.... 1(a) Distinguish between the role of criminal law and Civil Law in relation to the English Legal System and analyse the purpose the law is attempting to serve in this area.... n common law jurisdictions like England there are basically two types of law: Civil law and criminal law. ... he intention of the criminal law is to ensure that every citizen knows the boundaries of acceptable conduct in the UK, for example it is clearly unacceptable conduct to steal from another individual – thereby it is necessary to have the criminal law of theft under the Theft Act 1968....

On the contrary, ECHR is all set to work for the protection of human rights in th european countries.... On the contrary, ECHR is all set to work for the protection of human rights in th european countries.... On the contrary, there is a necessity of giving more emphasis on the rights of the children, because they are the usual victim of torture and prohibitions, which deprive them of the human rights in their normal day to day life.... Keeping in view, the importance of child's right The United Nations Convention on the Human Rights of the Child defines a child as a human being below the age of 18 years unless under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained earlier, 2 agreed by 192 of 194 member countries....

oundations of criminal law Insert Foundations of criminal law Set A: Related Articles Fraud refers to the deceitful conduct modeled to manipulate another individual to issue something of value through telling lies, repeating something that is recognized or should be identified as false or suspected by the fraudulent party.... According to the United Kingdom Federal law addressing the concept of theft, it was very right to take that legal action because Mr....

ubstantive Criminal lawSubstantive Criminal law relates to written rulings that explain the duties and rights in criminal and civil law.... The paper "criminal law - Definition of Terms" states that generally, civil law delineates the confidential legal relations within the judicial system that only relates to community members' issues and not those of religion, military, and criminal affairs.... The fundamental concept of criminal law is mens rea....

Punishment can be both formal and informal in nature, formal punishment takes place when it is assigned by a nation's law enforcement agency or criminal justice system and punishment becomes informal in nature when it is assigned by informal institutions such as families.... For example: nations that have applied death penalty have done so with the aim of deterring crime and the same law may be considered as revenge for the victim.... For example: injunctions ordered by the court of law, boycotts at the federal level, restrictions in agreement of trade, orders of restraining in cases of violence that take place on the domestic level, orders that are recognized as cease and desist, shutdown of factories and implementation of requirement of certificates to conduct certain activities....

Furthermore the enforcement of punishments in criminal law and penalties in civil law should not acquire any connection to the harm brought about by the action for which the punishment or penalty is enforced (Fletcher, 1998, p.... Structure and Function in criminal law.... Introduction to criminal law and Legal Studies Part I The courts in the UK are organised in a hierarchical way.... Normally, drafting of a new criminal law starts with an evaluation of the aspect of the law under consideration to identify its limitations....

There is also the danger that individual rights of speech and assembly and redressal of grievances can be used by canny citizens to trouble others, for example, the encouragement of an intrusive media, and unnecessary litigation in courts of law.... (eg perverting the law by canny lawyers to adhere to the letter of it minus the spirit.... Seventh: England had courts of common law, which gave legal (monetary) relief, and courts for equity which decided non-monetarily (an injunction, for instance) This amendment sought to combine both the jurisdictions....

Therefore, law enforcers, the internet as well as electronic communication industries should work hand in hand to ensure a decline in the number of crimes committed over the internet.... 1999 Report on Cyberstalking: A new challenge for law enforcement and industry.... Advancement in technology, especially the internet, has led to the emergence of new forms of abnormal and criminal behavior.... dvancement in technology, especially the internet, has led to the emergence of new forms of abnormal and criminal behavior....

criminal law Assignment A.... Textbook on criminal law, 7th edition, Oxford University Press by Michael Allen. ... criminal law Theory and Doctrine, 2nd edition (revised 2004).... criminal law Text and Materials, 5th edition (2003), Sweet and Maxwell by CMV Clarkson and H.... (2002) criminal law, London: Butterworths. ... (2002) criminal law, Dorset: Longman ... Perkins and Boyce, criminal law (3rd edition)...

Acquaintance Rape Victim Data sources may include research, surveys, personal confessions, data from non-governmental institutions that fight against acquaintance rape, acquaintance rape proceedings in a court of law, and relevant scholarly studies.... As such, no problems from victim blaming that can affect the victim's interactions with law enforcement agencies and the course of seeking justice in this context.... These aspects prevent the victim from reporting the crime and thus affecting a victim's interactions with law enforcement agencies, the courts, and correctional agencies....

The basic principle behind the formulation and protection of protection of human rights and civil liberties is that all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights, endowed with reason and conscience, and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.... The author of the paper assesses the status of the law of contempt and its relevance in the present day society, studies and analyzes the acts or statutes relating to the law of contempt and evaluates the effect of the law of contempt on civil liberties and human rights ....

It made vast and far reaching changes to the admissibility of prior convictions and bad behaviour, as evidence in criminal trials.... s such, the 2003 Act was enacted to establish a new approach to Prior to this law, the courts were following complex systems.... It has been observed that the criminal Justice Act 2003 lacks certainty in various aspects.... This Act states that evidence of reprehensible behaviour is bad character evidence, in the context of criminal proceedings....

South Carolina was fully compliant; all law-enforcing agencies were to report crime statistics to NIRBS while in the other 8 states this varied.... It was recorded that 95% of the victims were 64 or younger and 5% were above 65.... Incident profile specifies that individuals over 64 were the victims between the hours of noon and 5 pm.... In victim profile both gender and race show different patterns in the two different age groups recorded, two-third accounted for male robberies but as the age of the victims increase the male percentage decreases while female percentage increases....

criminal profiling is an exploratory and behavioral tool that is used to help investigators predict with accuracy and profile the general characteristics of unknown offenders or criminal subjects.... The information is then compared with personality type characteristics and mental abnormalities in order to come up with The origin of criminal profiling can be traced back to the 19th century where researchers such as Alphonse Bertillon and Hans gross realized the potential of criminal profiling (Turvey 3)....

Basics of Research Methods in criminal Justice and Criminology (2nd ed.... Despite that mental illness defies deterrence and retribution application of law, the infusion of certain benefits for the defendant from the crime may dilute this concept in law that considers justice and equity.... Despite the case being admissible in a court of law, an insane person, as established by a psychiatrist, is not guilty of an offense (Finkel, 2001)....

In the beginning of the 20th century the system of accreditation already played a vital role in the regulation of America's educational.... ... ... Having taken under the control system of accreditation of high schools, it has provided considerable influence on higher education.... However, the idea of accreditation belonged all the same to educational institutions as the chaos reigned at that time in the system of The process of accreditation was initiated in 1913, ending in 1952....

The paper "Toyota Motor Corporation" states that competition is healthy, and given the Toyota recall controversy, the public is reminded of other options.... It only benefits the consuming public, as it is afforded with several options with which to satisfy its demand for quality products.... ... ...

The increased rates of incarceration have come not only as a result of an increase in criminal activity but also from conservative attitudes that believe in a get-tough policy on crime (Mears et al.... The type of crime, the severity of the crime, the philosophy of the court, and the law all impact the sentence that a criminal will receive when convicted of a criminal act.... The paper 'criminal Justice Corrections: Sentencing' looks at the punishment handed down by the criminal court to the criminal offender, which is the backbone that gives the system its power and authority....

Humanitarian law December 12th, Human Rights Activist Since the war started in Syria in many people have had their human rights violated.... The paper "Human rights Activist in Syria" describes that based on the issue of sexual violence and mass rape taking place in Syria, it is appropriate to encourage the participation of the international community in order to facilitate peace talks in the country.... Regardless of the various challenges that human rights activists encounter while recording sexual violence incidences in Syria, there has been insignificant interference from the international community (Giovanni)....

The purpose of the criminal law is to permit everyone to go about their daily lives without fear of harm to person or property.... Simon McKay: Entrapment: competing views on the effect of the Human Rights Act on English criminal law (2002) No 6 Pages 764-774 ... David Ormerod: ECHR and the exclusion of evidence: trial remedies for Article 8 breaches [2003] criminal law Review 6 ... Are defendants in criminal trials sufficiently protected against the use of improperly obtained evidence This question requires the discussion of whether the present state of the English law with its recent developments and the effect of the European Union Law provides the defendant in a criminal trial with adequate protection against procedural loopholes allowing the authorities and third parties to obtain evidence unfairly....

Sijbrandij et al (2006), state that psychological debriefing has been used for a long time as a means of preventing stress, anxiety or depression in the victims.... The proponents of these argument state that the victims should be given a period of rest and relaxation.... Their study divided trauma victims into two groups, one the intervention group that was subjected to psychological debriefing and the other a control group.... According to Balon (2002), the use of psychological debriefing is essential for the victims of traumatic events, but from contemporary research, it is evident that this view of the argument is not much supported....

This paper ''Domestic Violence Victim Ethical Dilemma'' tells that Youth workers play a significant role in society as they attempt to improve the lives of young people and adults as well.... Domestic Violence Victim Ethical Dilemma Introduction Youth workers play a significant role in the society as they attempt to improve the lives of young people and adults as well (Banks, 2010:3).... n the other hand, Women's Aid, an organisation dealing with victims of domestic violence, wants the victimised woman to stay in their secure emergency refuge (Womens Aid, 2013)....

The paper "criminal law: Theory and Doctrine" discusses that where a direction on intent is deemed necessary, a jury should be instructed that they should consider the extent to which the defendant foresaw death or grievous bodily harm resulting from his actions.... In this essay, the intention is to discuss some aspects of the theory and doctrine of criminal law, particularly those relating to offenses of omission in the discharge of 'positive duties' to 'people with whom we have a special relationship'; whether the 'current principles on omission' are in need of reform; and the meaning and 'scope' of 'intention and recklessness', the two important fault elements used in modern criminal law....

This study "Describing Situations in English criminal law" discusses the case at bar "Liability of Alan", therefore, apply the principles of men's rea and the underlying laws that punish criminal offenses.... criminal law: Under our English law, a person can be said to be guilty of a crime if he or she proven to have committed a voluntary physical act or has omitted to perform an action which he or she should do under the law.... Moreover, the act of the person must pass the test of criminal liability as expressed by the Latin Maxim actus reus , "actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea" which when translated into English would mean that the person can only be considered guilty if his mind is also guilty (Brent Fisse, "Howards criminal law" (1990) 12-13)....

The paper "Suicides Linked to Bullied victims" focuses on the critical analysis of the various issues concerning the suicides linked to bullied victims.... Bullying tends to leave scars on the lives of the victims.... Suicides Linked to Bullied victims The development of the human mind has led the individuals toanalyze problems that may not have been considered to be grave issues previously.... Bullying tends to leave scars on the lives of the victims of bullying who may find it difficult to overcome their humiliation for their entire life....

riminal identity theft, the most common non-financial type, occurs when someone gives another's personal information to a law enforcement officer when he or she is arrested.... In worst-case scenarios, someone may commit a crime in someone else's name and have the law enforcement searching for that original identity holder.... The FTC also gets together information regarding identity theft to direct to law enforcement actions via an online identity theft compliant form....

A History of English criminal law.... (2003) Understanding Risk in criminal Justice.... There has been however, little or no attention from the political scientists in whose genre the public/private nature of the law presumably falls.... It leaves the impression that the modest politics of communal administration, law of public nuisance and public shelter management are not the forte of the political scientist.... It leads one to speculate that the twenty-first century so-called ‘disaffected youth' may be a fabrication of law enforcement performance targets, Home Office media releases, crime deterrence group agendas, juvenile integration projects, naming and shaming measures and the unclear digital CCTV recordings of the modern age. ...

Most of the victims of bullying result in self-blame, depression, alienation and some even turn to self-harm.... The interest of the author of this story is to address the distress that victims of bullying go through and to show that the eventuality of it all can be suicide.... The victims of bullying are offered a lifeline and a glimmer of hope is given to them as they are shown the options available to them for help.... Parents and guardians of the victims are shown how to discover the symptoms of a teenager undergoing depression and the solutions available to them....

Racketeering is one of the special crimes and is becoming a growing issue in criminal law; it's part of organized crime whose main aim is to entrench continual patronage (Eskridge, 2010).... Therefore, criminal justice policies such as community corrections, policing, imprisonment, sentencing, and adjudication needs to be changed in significant way to respond to these emerging special issue in criminal law (Neese, 2003).... Growing criminal law Special Issues Date Abstract In the United States, organized crimes have been posing serious security threats and threatening public safety for over the years....

Origins of American criminal law Professor: Institution: Introduction Every year, state legislatures and the US congress legislate and or abolish and amend laws.... Be it substantive criminal law or procedural criminal law the legislators pose to identify the appropriate rules to be used in the process.... Origins of American criminal law For us to have a meaningful discussion of the present criminal law in America we have to first look at a brief history....

However, the growth of democracy and human rights in the contemporary society has led to the challenging of death penalty as a tool for administrating justice.... Irrespective of this, the justice system must perform its functions in accordance with the law and one of those functions is to incapacitate criminals and there is no better way of doing so than administrating capital punishment for capital crimes.... This may be hurting for the victim's family and friends, who would have to tolerate watching such a criminal walk in freedom whereas their own is already dead....

Instead of focusing on particular individuals in the youth group or among the young people who commit crime, the consideration of the youth as a risk group has led to institutionalized intolerance of the youth and a further over-regulation of the youth, which interferes with their freedoms and rights.... The youth have become an important aspect of self-actualization that encompasses different programs of active citizenship that have affected individual needs and rights....

The main arguments in favor of death penalty are its moral value, role in reducing criminal instinct, justice to the victim and equality before law.... When a criminal is allowed to escape for death penalty, the concept of equality before law is totally ignored.... Besides, it is totally against the rule of nature because the accused individual is helpless before the law.... To be specific, the arguments against death penalty ignore the real victims and put forth the criminals as victims of law enforcement....

This was exacerbated by the implementation of a legislation safeguarding human rights in 199814.... Judicial review entails looking at the public law with an intention of restructuring the legal principles.... Administrative law and Human Rights Judicial Review Judicial review entails looking at the public law with an intention of restructuring the legal principles.... Administrative law and Human Rights Judicial Review Judicial review entails looking at the public law with an intention of restructuring the legal principles....

he stalking law (Penal code 42.... Stalking: Psychology, Risk Factors, Interventions, and law.... This essay "criminal Psychology and Forensic Technology" discusses privacy as the right of one and all.... If he has past criminal record, he is most likely to harm the victim too. ... criminal Psychology and Forensic Technology.... nformation about the stalker and his relationship details with the victims: ...

As the paper "criminal law and Types of Assault" tells, an assault is committed if a person assaults another or commits a battery.... shworth, A Principle of criminal law, 5th Ed, 2003, Oxford ... lliott, C and Quinn, F criminal law, 3rd Ed, 2000, Pearson Education ... , Statutes on criminal law, 10th Ed, 2000-2001, Blackstone's ... and Hogan, B, criminal law, 7th Ed, 2002, London: Butterworths ... nns of Court School Of law, Criminal Litigation and Sentencing, 2003 Oxford University Press ...

This work called "law of Tort Assignment" describes the peculiarities of two cases in law, the position of people, damages, the duty of care.... TORT law ASSIGNMENT PART JENNY'S LIABILITY.... The standard of care imposed by law in order to determine a breach of duty is objective and that of “the reasonable and prudent man” (Donoghue v Stevenson, 1932).... s a result of Jenny's breach, Rahim must then prove that on the balance of probabilities the damage was caused in fact and in law by the negligence....

Name: Course: Tutor: Date: Constitutional law and the Criminal Justice System Lawyer Present during A Trial Ensure Fairness The presence of a lawyer during a trial ensures fairness as the lawyer seeks to present the case within the most favorable means by making sure that every perspective is covered (Harr, Hess, & Orthman, 2012 373).... In complicated trials it is difficult even for the most intelligent and educated citizen to learn the complex aspects of the law, and as a result precise court procedure can be complicated and stressful....

The essay "Health and Science Questions" focuses on the critical analysis of the major questions in health and science.... The defence mechanism of human beings involves such mental processes which lead the mind to reach a compromising situation when the mind is unable to solve any conflict.... ... ...

"criminal law: The USA Patriot Act" paper states that though the Act is effective, the government should come up with an initiative in which every individual is expected to know at least ten neighbors and report any strange behavior of their neighbors as soon as they notice.... criminal law criminal law The USA Patriot Act is one of the most crucial anti-terrorism legislation in the United States.... The law has speeded up the rate at which criminal investigations are performed, both directly and indirectly connected with terrorism....

It is an international concept that still has not received apt considerations in terms of the inalienable rights in the international human rights charter.... Asylum rights in International Law The right of asylum, otherwise known as political asylum, relates to an individual rejected by their own country being protected by another sovereign authority.... It is an international concept that still has not received apt considerations in terms of the inalienable rights in the international human rights charter....

The essay "Foundation of criminal law" focuses on the critical analysis of the fraudulent expenses claims by Lord Hanningfield paid for by the government.... The peer claimed innocence citing an averaging out of his expenditures, explaining that he had claimed these within what was allowed by the law.... The peer claimed innocence citing an averaging out of his expenditures, explaining that he had claimed these within what was allowed by the law....

--- but the woman is judged in practical life according to the man's law, as if she were not a woman but a man” (qtd.... he play begins with Nora acting the role of a helpless, clinging wife.... Nora moves from the role of the happy homemaker to frightened victim, and finally to that of the independent individualist.... At the start of Act 1, Nora is seen in the role of the happy homemaker, who is content to be a wife and mother....

This assignment "The Strength of Uniform Crime Report" focuses on statistics collected from state and local law enforcement agencies on serious offenses, called the Part I offenses.... ? The UCR, an abbreviation for Uniform Crime Report, refers to statistics collected from state and local law enforcement agencies on serious offenses, called the Part I offences.... The UCR statistics report is a summary of all reported cases of crime to law enforcement agencies....

This paper entails in-depth discussions on stand your ground laws and the impacts of the law on homicide rates.... Stand your ground law states that a person is justified to use force based on self-defense, without considering an obligation to retreat.... This concept sometimes exists in statutory law and common law.... STAND YOUR GROUND LAWS AND HOMICIDE RATES This paper entails in depth discussions on stand your ground laws and the impacts of the law to homicide rates....

The survey found that men were less confident in criminal justice system than women; those of middle aged were less confident than young men and women.... Actually the survey found that approximately 70 percent of people were confident that criminal justice system respected their rights and treated them according to the law.... In spite of this er only 48% believed that criminal justice system is effective to bring criminals to justice; fewer still believed that the system was able to deal with cases efficiently, and only 26 % believed that the needs of the victims were met by people....

In the paper 'Principles of criminal law' the author discusses the criminal liability of Susan.... Principles of criminal law Discuss the criminal liability of Susan Introduction: Susan had stolen a DVD from the stores and while leaving with the stolen goods under her jacket, she was caught by a store detective.... olan, M T 2005, Cases & materials on criminal law 3/e, Routledge Cavendish, viewed 13 July 2009, http://books.... oreover, Gina's role is also important in Susan's court proceedings, and the law enforcement authorities may be in a position to find out the real facts thereby exculpating Susan and indicting Gina in this case....

Complete criminal law: text, cases, and materials.... Unlocking criminal law.... The mens rea is irrelevant in criminal cases as evidenced in the court ruling of the case of DPP v.... According to the actus reus doctrine, the law requires a demonstration that the criminal activities like murder occurred due to voluntary act and omission.... According to the actus reus doctrine, the law requires a demonstration that the criminal act like murder occurred due to voluntary act and omission2....

The basis of the contention is deficient and vague rape shield laws in different states, constitutional criticism of the rape shield law and failure of the laws to fulfill their purpose in exceptional cases where high profile is involved.... This increases vagueness of the law itself.... Constitutional criticism There are some inherent deficiencies in the rape shield laws despite its acceptance as an enacted law in all the states of US.... The critics who seek to criticize the rape shield laws on the reasoning that it somehow violates the constitution propose that the rape shield laws are deficient in providing a fair trial to the defendant, it violates his right to cross-examine the victim or witnesses, it discriminates between sexes, it is an intrusion of the legislature into the judiciary and thus a violation of the doctrine of separation of powers and it is a vague form of law....