Humanities The Age of Reason;Revolution, Reaction, Cultural Response;The Triumph of the Bourgeoisie - Essay Example

Registration Lecturer a) Trends that characterize the age of reason A growing concentration of political power in the great s. There was rapidly growing urbanization in Great Britain, Prussia, France, Australia, Netherlands, and Russia. There was the rise of the middle class in politics. The sovereignty of each state was respected, and there was respect for geographical boundaries that were demarcated.Return of aristocracy to prominence. There emerged a rigid class system upper class, middle class, broad middle class, lesser artisans and metropolitan poor.

In Britain and France, monarchy diminished while in Australia and Prussia, it gained eminence. Different classes of people did their things in a specific manner to avoid collision with the other social classes. The upper class was the most respected class, and it led in many activities.Rise of middle class in politics and culture who supported equality and social justice. The spirit of law and the social contract law was written. All humans were considered equal and had equal rights. All citizens had right to vote.

There was a clear separation of powers. There were laws and regulations that governed the people in a particular state. The laws did not favor any individuals irrespective of the social class that one belonged.The intellectual and cultural movement. The great thinkers embraced humanism through the study of literature, music, arts and philosophy. They believed that nature was good and orderly and could be studied. They advocated for religious, political, and economic institutions.b) Interconnection between neoclassicism and romanticismAccording to the neoclassicist, man was guided by his head while on the romanticists; they believed that man was guided by his heart.

This is a clear indication that the two schools of though believed that man had a conscience in doing things. Ingres and David painted pictures that were of old Greek and honor. All the figures had a smooth texture and the men had muscles regardless of their origin or background. The neoclassicist painted with invisible brush strokes which made their paintings appear smooth. In romanticism, there was use of brush strokes to show the movement of artwork. Goethe reacted to the neoclassicist to show them that their subjects were too idealized and had no emotion.

The romanticist painted dynamic pictures by a variety of colors making them appear real.c) Cultural impact of the industrial revolution in 19th centuryThe industrial revolution had a tremendous impact on the social and cultural change. There was a significant change in the classes and their welfare. The rich culture was about greed, material wealth and social status while the poor culture was to strive to be rich. There was significant artistic transformation during the revolution which was a reaction to the feeling of a particular period.

This feeling created immense differences amongst the artistes. These feelings led to the emergence of Romantic Movement which significantly advocated for individualism. The inventions would enable people to do work on their own since the work was made easier. Before the revolution, most of the people lived in societies doing their activities together. The laissez-faire approach advocated by Adam smith was wholly embraced, and this led to capitalism in most states.Works citedKant, I., Wood, A. W., & Giovanni, G. (1996). Religion and rational theology.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Paine, T. (1896). The age of reason: being an investigation of true and fabulous theology. New York, London: G.P. Putnams Sons. Paine, T. (1984). The age of reason. Buffalo, N.Y.: Prometheus Books.