Psychological Aspects in Music Teaching - Coursework Example

Psychology in Music Teaching Name Institution Date Psychology and Music The word psychology means the study of the mind and behavioral patterns because of that expresses by the subject under study. Psychology is an academic discipline as well as an applied science. It mainly aims and seeks to gain an understanding of the different individuals and groups. It does this by establishment of general principles. These also entail carrying out research on a number of specific cases. This word “Psychology” has Greek roots use to mean the study of the Psyche or the study of the soul. A similar synonym found in Latin called Psychologia was first put in use by the Croatian humanist. He was working hand in hand with a Latinist known as Marko Marulic. It was his personal book called “Psichiologia de ratione animae humanae”.The book was published in the late 15th century or the early 16th century. The earliest English references to psychology were by Steven Blankaart in the year 1694 the physical dictionary. In the field of psychology, the professional practitioner is referred to as the psychologist. These psychology practitioners can also be classified as behavioral scientists, social scientists or cognitive scientists. The psychologists are majorly interested in understanding the role of the numerous mental functions in a given individual and the entire social behavior. This is done while exploring the biological and physiological processes underlining the cognitive functions and the behavioral patterns of the individuals (Ortiz, 2008). Psychology is mainly concerned with exploring conceptions of cognition, emotion, motivation, functioning of the brain, personality, the general perceptions, attention and a number of interpersonal relationships. These also also include family resilience, the psychological resilience and a number of other areas. Whereas the knowledge of psychology could be applied more often in the assessment and treatment of general mental problems, it is occasionally also directed and inclined towards an understanding and finding a solution to problems in a number of spheres as far as human activity is concerned. Psychology and the study of thereof has an ultimate goal of benefiting society in that so many psychologists are actively involved in therapeutic roles of some kind, also practicing in the clinical, counseling and in the school settings. Psychology also involves doing a number of scientific researchers on a wide range of topics which are also related to the mental processes and general behavioral patterns. Many of these psychology studies are also employed in industrial settings, organizational settings and in a number of other areas like the human development and aging process, the media and health. It may also be utilized in carrying out forensic investigations and in various aspects of law. Cognition: Cognition is the conglomeration of all the mental abilities and the processes that are related to the knowledge, the memory, the decision making process. It also include personal judgment, general decision making process, evaluation of the presented options, reasoning capacity comprehension and language production. The cognition of humans is both conscious and unconscious as well, both abstract and concrete. Cognition is intuitive as well for instance the knowledge of a given language and is conceptual as well for instance as a model of a given language. The processes of cognition normally generate and produce new knowledge. The cognitive processes are usually accessed and analyzed from a number of perspectives in varying contexts. However, it is worth noting that the cognitive processes are notable in the a number of fields like anesthesia, psychology, education. Other fields like anthropology, the study of linguistics, systemics, and also widely applied in biology and computer science. A number of other different approaches employed in the analysis of the cognitive processes are mainly used during the process of developing in the field of cognitive science which is also a gradually increasing sovereign academic discipline. However, within psychology and the field of philosophy, in general, the concept of cognition is also related closely to a number of other intellectual ideas like the mind and general intelligence of an individual. Cognition majorly encompasses very many functions of the brain, the mental thought and the general states of intelligence. Thus cognition I usually defined as the general information processing view of a given person’s psychological functions. Cognition is one of the branches of social psychology which is also called social cognition which is mainly concerned with explaining the attitudes, the group dynamics and attributions of an individual or a given group of individuals. In the psychology of cognition and the cognitive engineering process, cognition is also characteristically assumed to be information processing in an operator’s mind or the brain. It should be noted that in some definite and intellectual sense, cognition can also be artificial. Difference between psychology and common sense The most significant, important and striking difference that exists between the word psychology and common sense is that the process or study of psychology mainly uses the systematic and objective approaches and methods of observations together with practical experimentation. Similarly, common sense is usually played out and showcased in number of proverbs or relatively short phrases. Most of these phrases are very contradictory to one another. The common sense mainly refers to a series of beliefs and other practical or theoretical skills that are mainly shared by a number of individuals, but that could also be developed though not necessarily achieving and education (Révész and Courcy, 2011). The concept of common sense is however too expansive and any statements that are meaningful and ingenious should not to a large extent refer to the entire concept but only to a given component of it (Ortiz, 2008). He other striking and notable difference that exists between psychology and common sense is the outcome of the various tests of psychology normally carried out over a long period of time for instance over years. These psychology tests have on a number of occasions produced results and outcomes which are entirely different from what might have been forecasted and predicted by using one the common sense variable alone. For instance, Stanley Milgram, a psychologist from Yale University conducted a study in 1974.The study he conducted was focusing mainly on the conflict stuck between an individual’s obedience to authority and the general personal conscience. Stanley’s test was designed to carry out an examination of the various claims and hypotheses that were propounded by those were being accused of various war crimes in the course of world war two. These were being tried at the Nuremberg war crimes trials. The study reveals that the defendants on many instances claimed that they were working orders and authority of their army commanders and superiors. Importance of the brain and how it dictates our experiences in life The brain is of magnificent importance in the body. The brain allows an individual to carry out intellectual thinking, to identify and come out with a sense of feeling and also plays a significant role regarding memory storage. The brain also controls all the actions of the body and various reactions and behavioral responses. The brain is an incredibly complex body organ comprising of so many parts and components as the cranium, Brain stem, the cerebrum and the cerebellum. The brain is the major command center of the entire body. It influences and determines everything we do, whatever we think, and it also influences whatever we speak or say. The is divided into a number of components or regions that also control the numerous brain functions as the body movements, the general speech and body balance. And the damage to a given region of the brain will lead to an immense effect on the body functions that that was controlled by the damaged part of the brain. Research has found out that the subconscious mind cannot move beyond the parameters of its set and fixed programs. Further research suggests that the brain just reacts automatically to the situations by utilizing the previous and past information or data stored regarding the numerous behavioral responses. Thus most of an individual’s set of actions, decisions made and the behavior depend on the brain activity by at least 95% (Révész and Courcy, 2011). The experiences we go through during the course of life are always stored in our brains. This also includes the numerous course of action that was undertaken during periods when and individual was confronted by a challenge. All these experiences are stored in the brain and in case a similar incident happens again, the brain will initiate a course of action which also depends on the past experience. Consequently, our past experiences and the present experiences will always influence our course of action in the future. This is because naturally the brain stores in the either the longtime or short time memory all the experiences an individual has gone through in the past. Similarly, It also stores all the experiences that an individual could be undergoing through at a given point in time for instance the current experiences. Consequently, the combination of both the past and present experiences combined will determine an individual’s course of action provided a similar scenario takes place in the near future. Our thoughts, feelings and actions contribute immensely to our ability to become effective or ineffective teachers. Our thought mainly comprises of the way we perceive a given subject or element of knowledge. These are usually developed through past experience, ingenious thinking and from the numerous resources that we come into contact with. Accumulation of enough knowledge and material is expected to streamline our individual thoughts and knowledge base regarding the subject of concern. The process of teaching involves giving out or sharing of the information possessed by an individual to another. This process will depend on a number of factors some of which could be controllable by the individual yet the other could be instinctive in nature (Tan, 2013). Among the ones that are instinctive and cannot be controlled judicious with ease are our feelings or collectively the emotions. These contribute a vital role in the determination of our course of action in any situation. They usually determine the delivery of an individual for instance a teacher to the students. For instance if the teacher develops a feeling that the students are less knowledgeable than him or her, she will adopt a mode of teaching aimed at making everyone understand his point of view. Similarly, if the teacher gets to understands that the students are much more knowledgeable than him or her, the course of action and mode of teaching that he/she will adopt will be commensurate with the prevailing situation at hand Research is the process of finding a solution to a given challenge at hand. It involves the process of generating knowledge, validating knowledge and application of the knowledge thereof. Research is very vital as it puts the known theories to empirical test. It helps in refining the knowledge base regarding a given subject (Hargreaves, 2008). The process of refining may also lead to the generation of more knowledge regarding a subject of study. In the past ten years research a has been carried regarding the human-animal contact or interaction. It has becomes acceptable on the wide scale that ownership of a pet and animal assistance in therapy and also in education possess a number of positive psychological effects on humans. The following have been listed as the importance of the human-animal contact or interaction: it leads to improvement of the general social and community responsiveness, it also leads to a reduction in a number of stress-related parameters like cortisol. It also leads to a decrease in the individual self-reported fright and anxiety, improvement of both the physical health and mental health of an individual especially the cardiovascular health of an individual (Huron, 2007). From Moodle video resource page Past present and the future: This video defines Psychology as a purely scientific study of the behavioral patterns of individuals or persons together with their mental process.it further presents that psychology like many other sciences has also evolved in conjunction with the technological advances. This has in the end given the doctors and a number of researchers’ very new tools that they can use to measure the human behavior. It has further also provided an empirical analysis of the cause of the purported behavioral patterns of an individual. In the psychology program of the past, present and the future doctor Mahzarin from the University of Yale uses a tool known as the Implicit Association tool. He uses it to carry out measurement of how the positive and the negative values can be quickly associated with the white and the black faces. It should be noted that the process of tracking the brain activity by use of the controlled experiments shows not only the brain region at work. It also reveals the power of the messages and the accompanying images in the present’s culture regarding the subliminal hominoid psyche. Understanding research: These videos show that research always begins with a question typically referred to as a research question. By tradition, most of the answers could have been discovered in the numerous lab experiments, the various surveys, the interviews and finally the test groups. It further provides an example of a research that was conducted in the field setting. In this research, the psychologist Doctor Christina of the California University studies the effects of job burnout. She tries to investigate what causes it and the possible solutions to preventing it. However, instead of the using the traditional lab setting, she decides to conduct the research in a workplace where burnout is occurring by using the real world environment as the experimental lab. Her research has shed some light on both the individual employees’ behavior and the behavior of the entire organization. Its application helps in the development of various mechanisms that are aimed at coping with stress and also assist in helping organizations in evaluating the general health and also the effectiveness of its workplace (Keller and Wintle, 2013). The behaving brain: The example that is highlighted in this demonstrates the role of the brain in an individual’s ability to remember. Doctor Mieke Verfaellie concentrated on studying the causes and later on the effects of amnesia. Contrary to the known popular opinion, the medical problem of amnesia does not always result in loss of all an individual’s memory or the identity. Its effects are thus short term. And it should be noted that other section so the brain continue to function very efficiently. The responsive brain: Doctor Russell Fernald, a neuroethologist at the Stanford University asserts that neuroethology also integrates the brain science together with the study of human behavior in the natural habitat. The primary goal was to provide an illustration of the three components of an environment, behavior, and brain. His long-term focus was on the study of the cichlid fish from Africa and how this fish’s social system also regulates both its brain structures and the bodily functions. This was an ingenious illustration of how the brains of animals and humans receive signals from the social environment and how later on translate these signals to result into a physiological change. References HARGREAVES, D. J. (2008). The developmental psychology of music. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire], Cambridge University Press. HURON, D. (2007). Sweet anticipation: music and the psychology of expectation. Cambridge, Mass. [u.a.], MIT Press. KELLER, H., & WINTLE, C. (2013). Music and psychology: from Vienna to London, 1939-52. London, Plumbago Books. ORTIZ, J. M. (2008). The Tao of music: sound psychology ; using music to change your life. York Beach, Me, S. Weiser RÉVÉSZ, G., & COURCY, G. I. C. (2011). Introduction to the psychology of music. Mineola (NY), Dover Publications. TAN, S.-L. (2013). The psychology of music in multimedia. Oxford, Oxford University Press. Read More

Cognition is intuitive as well for instance the knowledge of a given language and is conceptual as well for instance as a model of a given language. The processes of cognition normally generate and produce new knowledge. The cognitive processes are usually accessed and analyzed from a number of perspectives in varying contexts. However, it is worth noting that the cognitive processes are notable in the a number of fields like anesthesia, psychology, education. Other fields like anthropology, the study of linguistics, systemics, and also widely applied in biology and computer science.

A number of other different approaches employed in the analysis of the cognitive processes are mainly used during the process of developing in the field of cognitive science which is also a gradually increasing sovereign academic discipline. However, within psychology and the field of philosophy, in general, the concept of cognition is also related closely to a number of other intellectual ideas like the mind and general intelligence of an individual. Cognition majorly encompasses very many functions of the brain, the mental thought and the general states of intelligence.

Thus cognition I usually defined as the general information processing view of a given person’s psychological functions. Cognition is one of the branches of social psychology which is also called social cognition which is mainly concerned with explaining the attitudes, the group dynamics and attributions of an individual or a given group of individuals. In the psychology of cognition and the cognitive engineering process, cognition is also characteristically assumed to be information processing in an operator’s mind or the brain.

It should be noted that in some definite and intellectual sense, cognition can also be artificial. Difference between psychology and common sense The most significant, important and striking difference that exists between the word psychology and common sense is that the process or study of psychology mainly uses the systematic and objective approaches and methods of observations together with practical experimentation. Similarly, common sense is usually played out and showcased in number of proverbs or relatively short phrases.

Most of these phrases are very contradictory to one another. The common sense mainly refers to a series of beliefs and other practical or theoretical skills that are mainly shared by a number of individuals, but that could also be developed though not necessarily achieving and education (Révész and Courcy, 2011). The concept of common sense is however too expansive and any statements that are meaningful and ingenious should not to a large extent refer to the entire concept but only to a given component of it (Ortiz, 2008).

He other striking and notable difference that exists between psychology and common sense is the outcome of the various tests of psychology normally carried out over a long period of time for instance over years. These psychology tests have on a number of occasions produced results and outcomes which are entirely different from what might have been forecasted and predicted by using one the common sense variable alone. For instance, Stanley Milgram, a psychologist from Yale University conducted a study in 1974.

The study he conducted was focusing mainly on the conflict stuck between an individual’s obedience to authority and the general personal conscience. Stanley’s test was designed to carry out an examination of the various claims and hypotheses that were propounded by those were being accused of various war crimes in the course of world war two. These were being tried at the Nuremberg war crimes trials. The study reveals that the defendants on many instances claimed that they were working orders and authority of their army commanders and superiors.

Importance of the brain and how it dictates our experiences in life The brain is of magnificent importance in the body. The brain allows an individual to carry out intellectual thinking, to identify and come out with a sense of feeling and also plays a significant role regarding memory storage.

Read More