Concept of Nonverbal Communication - Research Proposal Example

Planning A Research Project Planning a Research Project TAQ Background Information What do I need to know? Sources where I can obtain this information Notes and further questions raised Justify the use of the source What aspect of the NVC is being investigated? Kinesics/Bodily Activities See Reference List The study will seek to determine or establish the role of bodily activities in bridging the gap during communications. These sources are appropriate in understanding the role of bodily activities. Are there any relevant theories available to explain this behavior? Ray Birdwhistelle’s theory on Kinesics and Raul Ekman and Wallace Friensen’s theory on kinesics See Reference List The study will establish similarities and differences between the two theoretical perspectives in relation to nonverbal communication. The sources will be ideal in elaborating the aspects of the theories concerning bodily activities in nonverbal communication What previous research has been conducted into this topic? Previous researchers have focused on the assessment of diverse aspects of nonverbal communication. For instance, there have been numerous studies and literature focusing on the assessment of the relationship between nonverbal communication and psychology. See Reference List From the review of literature, there is inadequate information on the role of bodily activities in nonverbal communication with the context of multiculturalism. The sources are critical in understanding the gap in the existing literature, as well as the current study. Nonverbal communication refers to stimuli in communication settings from the source (speaker) and his or her use of the environment. Such aspects of communication must have potential message value for the source and the receiver (listener). From this perspective, it refers to sending and receiving messages in various mechanisms with the usage of words as the verbal codes. In most cases, nonverbal communications are intentional and unintentional depending on the communication environment and parties in the setting. Previous researchers have focused on the assessment of diverse aspects of nonverbal communication. For instance, there have been numerous studies and literature focusing on the assessment of the relationship between nonverbal communication and psychology. There are various theories in relation to understanding the issue or concept of nonverbal communication. Researchers have focused on examination of Ray Birdwhistelle’s theory on Kinesics, as well as Edward Halls’ theory on proxemics and Raul Ekman and Wallace Friensen’s theory on kinesics. Nonverbal communication is one of the critical aspects of communication focusing on the achievement of various functions. For instance, nonverbal communication is essential in repeating the verbal message as well as provision of the accent of the communication. In addition, nonverbal communication is vital in complementing the verbal message while also regulating interactions between the source and the receiver within the essential communication environment. It is also critical to note that nonverbal communication is vital in substituting verbal messages during the communication. TAQ 2: Rationale & Aim of the Research Aim The key aim is to compare and contrast the concepts between Ray Birdwhistelle’s theory on Kinesics and Raul Ekman and Wallace Friensen’s theory on kinesics concerning nonverbal communication. In addition, the study aims at assessing the influence of nonverbal communication on intercultural contexts or situations. Rationale Nonverbal communication is one of the essential aspects or elements of communication. As the saying goes, ‘action speaks louder than words’. This illustrates the influence or significance of nonverbal communication in enhancing interpersonal interaction. It is critical to examine various perceptions or concepts in relation to nonverbal communication. The development of this research will enhance understanding concerning the role of nonverbal communication in intercultural contexts or communication settings. TAQ 3: Planning Practical Investigation Template AC Planning Practical Investigation 1.1 What is your title? Investigation of Ray Birdwhistelle’s theory on Kinesics and Raul Ekman and Wallace Friensen’s theory on kinesics in intercultural settings. 1.1 What is your area in which you are investigating? I will focus on Ray Birdwhistelle’s theory on Kinesics and Raul Ekman and Wallace Friensen’s theory on kinesics while concentrating on the implications of these theories in the intercultural contexts. 1.2 What is your aim? The study compares and contrasts the concepts between Ray Birdwhistelle’s theory on Kinesics and Raul Ekman and Wallace Friensen’s theory on kinesics concerning nonverbal communication. Design 2.1, 2.2, &2.3 2.1, 2.2, & 2.3 What will be your experimental/non-experimental research method & why? (Experiment/Observation/Survey etc. The study will incorporate a survey research design with the intention of eliminating biases while utilizing a large research participant’s base. What will be your research design & why? (independent groups, repeated measure or matched pairs) The study will concentrate on utilization of independent groups for effectiveness and efficiency in the collection and analysis of data. 2.1, 2.2, & 2.3 What is the IV? Nonverbal communication in the intercultural context or setting What is the DV? Ray Birdwhistelle’s theory on Kinesics and Raul Ekman and Wallace Friensen’s theory on kinesics What is your Alternate/Experimental hypothesis? Facial expressions, eye contact, posture, and gesture are important in conveying message to express our emotions. What is your null hypothesis? Facial expressions, eye contact, posture, and gesture are less significant in conveying message to express our emotions. Is you hypothesis directional/non-directional? Justify your answer My hypothesis is directional. This is because of the provision of the platform for the assessment and confirmation of the research. Are there any EV’s to take into consideration? The study will not have any EV’s to take into consideration in the assessment and documentation of the findings. Confounding variables and limitations-, do you think there may be any limitations within your research investigation, which cannot control for? There are confounding variables and limitations, which might be beyond control of the research process. One of the limitations relates to inability of the research participants to take part in the collection of data. In addition, research assistants might focus on altering the research data rather than recording their observations during the collection process. Moreover, there might be functional issues in relation to voice recorders and video-conferencing tools in the course of recording of the data. Ethical issues to consider and why? In the course of assessing the research questions and aims, it is essential to consider various aspects of ethics with reference to honesty, loyalty, and reliability in the collection and analysis of data. Notably, it is imperative to concentrate on the protection or preservation of the confidentiality of the research participants. Participants How will you select your sample? The focus will be on the integration of random sampling technique to eliminate aspects of biases and skew of the research findings. How many participants will be required to gain a sufficient amount of data? In the course of executing this experiment, it is would be appropriate to work with approximately 50 research participants to aid effectiveness and efficiency in assessment and examination of the research findings. What will the age range/gender be? Age range: 18-65 Male: 25 Female: 25 How will participants be allocated to each condition? The study will utilize an appropriate set of criteria in the course of allocating participants to each condition during the assessment and examination of the research questions and objectives. The criteria will consider the usage of occupation, culture, interests, and geographical aspects in the course of generating appropriate systems to allocate each participant to the conditions. The approach will be ideal in the minimization of potential issues affecting the organization. Apparatus/Materials What do you need to help you collect the data? The study will focus on the administration of questionnaires, as well as utilization of the semi-structured interviews with the intention of understanding the humanistic perspective of the phenomenon under investigation. Are they reliable and valid tools- how can you establish this? These materials are valid and reliable. I will use dependability, conformability, and other relevant validity, as well as reliability tests such as pre-testing to establish validity and reliability of the research instruments. Procedure Where will the study take place? The study will take place within the institution with the intention of eliminating aspects of inconvenience, as well as financial limitations in the collection and analysis of data prior to the documentation of the findings. How will you carry out the study? I will develop a critical plan for the execution of the study. The plan will incorporate appropriate set of guidelines for the collection of data, development of the chapters, reviewing of literature, and subsequent assessment and documentation of the findings of the study under the influence of the universal research design. How will data be collected and recorded? In the collection and recording of data, the study will focus on the utilization of notebooks, administration of questionnaires, and utilization of voice recorders during interviews, and computer systems in the documentation of the findings of the study. Results How will you analyze the descriptive data? The study will focus on integration of regression analysis technique, thus generation of the mode, median, mean, variance, and standard deviation for improved accuracy in the presentation of the findings. How will you present your data? Will you use any of the following: tables, graphs, bar charts? The study will use diverse methods in the presentation of the results or findings. For instance, the research will incorporate tables in recording and illustrating findings in agreement with the research questions. What will be the level of data collected and why? The study will focus on the collection and utilization of interval level of data because of the need to compare the two theories. Which statistical test would you intend to use and why? I will consider the usage of T-test to facilitate the assessment of the level of significance in relation to the perceptions of the theorists concerning nonverbal communication in intercultural contexts. TAQ 4: Timeframe The study will have various chapters with reference to introduction, review of literature, methodology, findings, discussion and analysis. The study will adhere to the following timeframe: i. First week: documentation of introduction, aims, rationale, and review of literature ii. 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