Psychology questions - Essay Example

Psychology Task Similarities All the three es of aggressions are intended to harm a person. In the case of hostile aggression, physical harm may result while in rational aggression, the victim’s reputation is hurt. Instrumental aggression hurts when the victim loses something of value.In the three categories of aggression, the victim is always weaker than the aggressor. In hostile aggression, the victim is physically weaker than the perpetrator while in rational aggression, the victim is less mouthy as compared to the offender.

In this case, the victim has less social acceptability leading to the aggressor’s rumor being received in a better way.Differences Hostile aggression involves violent attitude or action with desire to dominate a situation while rational aggression is intended to harm someone by damaging their reputation. In case of instrumental aggression, it is carried out in order to achieve something such as money or food.In terms of prevalent, hostile aggression is more prevalent in boys while rational one is more prevalent in girls.

Instrumental aggression cuts across the gender divides. Additionally, hostile aggression is spontaneous where physical means such as fighting to hurt others are used. On the other hand, rational aggression is predetermined and it uses rumors as the weapon. In the case of instrumental aggression, immediate environment affects the cause. It uses intimidations to out power the victims.Lastly, hostile aggression is usually associated with anger while the rational one utilizes social skills to negatively network a victim.

Instrumental aggression is associated with selfishness Task 2Attachment in adults deals with the hypothesis on adult romantic relationships.There are four main attachment styles in adults:SecureThis style of attachment results from a history of responsive and warm interactions with intimate partners. Securely attached individuals tend to have positive perspective of themselves and their partners. They also tend to have optimistic views of their relationshipsanxious–preoccupiedPeople with this style of attachment pursue high levels of intimacy, responsiveness and approval from their partners.

They often value intimacy to the extent that they become over dependent on their partners. Such partners are less optimistic of their relationships and their partners.dismissive–avoidant People with this style of attachment want a high level of independence. The need for independence usually appears as an attempt to evade attachment in totality. They view themselves as invulnerable and self-sufficient. They often refute needing close associations.fearful–avoidantIndividuals with this style of attachment once experienced sexual abuse during childhood and adolescence.

These people are highly reserved in matters of relationships and they tend to have mixed feeling concerning intimacy. It is imperative to note that people with fearful–avoidant are avoidant in matters of relationships while those with fearful–avoidant are anxious about relationships. Secure and anxious–preoccupied are not anxious in their relationship. Task 3Most of the scientific research on humor and laughter that took place in the last 20 years was based on humor. Researchers induced laughter by the use of humorous intervention.

This needed the cognitive ability of the brains to produce laughter that would ultimately change the physiology. Laughter Yoga is a humor-less based procedure that is easy and safe to practice. Ever since it was introduced, it has spread overwhelmingly around the world mainly because people have been obtaining enormous health benefits from this exercise. The research declares that it does not matter how the laughter is induced, whether through the body or the mind– the physiological effects are the same as those of natural laughter.

In addition, the research suggests that the in the start, the laughter requires to be simulated but as the Laughter Yoga exercises continue, they become real and spontaneous. Humor can be studied using techniques that induce humor in individuals. In this case, the person’s psychology and cognitive ability are studies and findings are compared with those from a normal person. Task 4Shame guilt and embarrassment are emotions that adversely affect relationships. In case of shame, a person feels that their behaviors are inappropriate in a specific relationship and hence there will be minimal interpersonal relationship.

A person who is guilty experiences a negative emotion that they have breached a social principle and hence they develop a sense of non-belonging. In this case the interpersonal relationship is ruined. A person suffers embarrassment in situations such as being teased and physical clumsiness among other. Just like the feeling of guilt, embarrassment brings in a sense of no belonging and hence they do not engage themselves in relationships.