Current Treatments for Children with Autism - Essay Example

Current Treatments for Children with Autism" Annotated Bibliography Abrahams, B. S., & Geschwind, D.H. (2008). Advances in autism genetics: on the threshold of a new neurobiology. Nature Reviews Genetics, 9(5), 341-355. The article explains the advances that paved the way towards understanding of the disease condition. It correlates the genetic changes associated with the occurrence of autism and mentions the genes associated with autism. Autism Genome Project Consortium. (2007). Mapping autism risk loci using genetic linkage and chromosomal rearrangements. Nature Genetics, 39, 319-328. The article explains the important results procured by performing mapping of the genetic sequences responsible for autism. The authors mentioned the importance of genetic mapping in tracing out the exact loci of rearrangement or alteration. Brian, J., O’Roak., Matthew, W. (2008). Autism Genetics: Strategies, Challenges and Opportunities. Autism Research, 1(4), 4. The article describes the genetics of the autism and challenges imposed by the disease condition. The article describes the rate of development of autism and its increased prevalence. It discusses the factors attributing to the development of the disease condition. The article describes the candidate genes responsible for autism. It utilizes the genetic analysis studies to conclude the role of genes responsible for autism. Freitag, C. M. (2007). The genetics of autistic disorders and its clinical relevance: a review of the literature. Molecular Psychiatry, 12, 2-22. The article describes the relevance of autism in the clinical settings. The article highlights the understanding of disease condition and its co-relation with the genetic aspects. It is good article for physicians. Freitag, C. M., Staal, W., Klauck, S. M., Duketis, E., Waltes, R. (2010). Genetics of autistic disorders: review and clinical implications. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 19, 169-178. The article describes the genetics of autism and explains its clinical implications. In order to understand autism completely it is imperative to understand the genetic basis of autism which is well described in this article. Ganz, M. L. (2007). The lifetime distribution of the incremental societal costs of autism. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 161(4), 343-349. The article explains the age-explicit and lifetime incremental group costs of autism in United States of America. The article highlights the occurrence of autism and relates the condition with the age of the parents, further it highlights the cost associated with the autism. Gupta, A. R., & State, M. W. (2007). Recent Advances in the Genetics of Autism. Biological Psychiatry, 61, 429-437. The article describes the psychological as well as genetic implications of autism and also highlights the recent advances that took place in understanding genetics of autism. Autism does influence the psychology of the child and also the family members associated with the autism patient. The article describes methods to deal with the autism patients. Hagerman, R. J., Berry-Kravis, E., Kaufmann, W. E., Ono, M. Y., Tartaglia, N., Lachiewicz, A., Kronk, R., Delahunty, C., Hessl, D., Visootsak, J., Picker, J., Gane, L., Tranfaglia, M. (2009). Advances in the treatment of fragile X syndrome. Pediatrics,123, 378–390. The article describes the importance of the FMR1 mutations as these mutations are found to be associated with various gene related anomalies such as ADH and autism. The article is therefore important to understand the basis of autism to reach to the treatment of autism especially in children. Herman, G. E., Butter, E., Enrile, B., Pastore, M., Prior, T. W., Sommer, A. (2007). Increasing knowledge of PTEN germline mutations: two additional patients with autism and macrocephaly. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, 143, 589–593. The article is imperative as it deals with the study or PTEN germline mutations. Since PTEN mutations are directly related with nerodevelopmental disorders and macrocephaly, the relevance of autism with this study is highly important to understand the autism condition and to formulate the treatment strategy. McCarthy, M. I., Abecasis, G. R., Cardon, L. R., Goldstein, D. B., Little, J., Ioannidis, J. P., Hirschhorn, J. N. (2008). Genome-wide association studies for complex traits: consensus, uncertainty and challenges. Nature Reviews Genetics, 9, 356–369. The article describes the challenges imposed by the disease condition of autism. Genetics of autism, unlike other gene-associated disorders is a complex to understand. However the article describes the genome-wide association of autism. Nishimura, Y., Martin, C. L., Vazquez-Lopez, A., Spence, S. J., Alvarez-REtuerto, A. I., Sigman, M., Steindler, C., Pellegrini, S., Schanen, N. C., Warren, S. T., Geschwind, D. H. (2007). Genome-wide expression profiling of lymphoblastoid cell lines distinguishes different forms of autism and reveals shared pathways. Human Molecular Genetics, 16(14), 1682-1698. The article describes different forms of autism and also the signaling pathways responsible for the occurrence of autism. The disease condition has the genetic basis which was further proved using the lymphoblastoid cell lines. However, different forms of autism share common pathways. Sebat, J., Lakshmi, B., Malhotra, D., Troge, J., Lese-Martin, C., Walsh, T., Yamrom, B., Yoon, S., Krasnitz, A., Kendall, J., Leotta, A., Pai, D., Zhang, R., Lee, Y. H., Hicks, J., Spence, S. J., Lee, A. T., Puura, K., Lehtimäki, T., Ledbetter, D., Gregersen, P. K., Bregman, J., Sutcliffe, J. S., Jobanputra, V., Chung, W., Warburton, D., King, M. C., Skuse, D., Geschwind, D. H., Gilliam, T. C, Ye, K., Wigler, M. (2007). Strong association of de novo copy number mutations with autism. Science, 316, 445–449. The article describes that copy number variation is associated with autism spectrum disorder. This was concluded with comparative genomic hybridization of various DNA samples. The study highlights the reasons responsible for variation in autism spectrum . van der Zwaag, B., Franke, L., Poot, M., Hochstenbach, R., Spierenburg, H. A., Vorstman, J. A., van, D. E. (2009). Gene-network analysis identifies susceptibility genes related to glycobiology in autism. PLoS ONE, 4, e5324. The article describes the gene-network analysis and highlights the most susceptible genes related with the condition of autism. The author analyzed genes and highlighted numerous candidate genes responsible for autism and their association with neuropsychiatric and cognitive disorders. Weiss, L. A., Arking, D. E., Daly, M. J., Chakravarti, A. (2009). A genome- wide linkage and association scan reveals novel loci for autism. Nature, 461, 802–808. The article describes the genome-wide linkage of the autism. The authors initiated linkage and association mapping study using SNPs in as many as 1,031 multiplex autism families and concluded the association of linkage on chromosome 5, 6 and 20. Further, the study highlights that SEMA5A is diminished in autism patient’s brain. Zhao, X., Leotta, A., Kustanovich, V., Lajonchere, C., Geschwind, DH., Law, K., Law, P., Qiu, S. (2007). A unified genetic theory for sporadic and inherited autism. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 104,12831–12836. The article describes the hereditary linkage of autism. The article highlights the fact that it is sex-linked disorder where males suffer more than females and categorized the autism families into two main categories namely- a small minority where the probability of autism in male child is 50% while the second category encompasses vast majority where the male child is at lower risk. Read More