Post-traumatic stress disorder among soldiers - Annotated Bibliography Example

Annotated Bibliography February 12, Annotated Bibliography Bryan, C., & Anestis, M. . Reexperiencing symptoms and the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior among deployed service members evaluated for traumatic brain injury. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 67(9), 856-865. The aim of this work is to reports on the interpersonal, psychological theory of suicidal intentions that the researchers have identified and established among the military personnel deployed into their stations. The researchers begin by identifying a sample of military personnel and testing them on brain injury. They aim to explore the relation between the three IPTS components and PTSD symptoms. The research found that the acquired capability to commit suicide links directly to re-experiencing the symptoms. However, the researchers explain, through statistical explanation of mental health distress, the relationship of the above established ideologies to disenchanted belongingness and alleged burdensomeness. Additionally, results prove that mental rehearsal of provocative and painful experiences impact on suicide risk. The researchers have created it for other scholars in the same field since it is technical. The study’s strength is that it contains basic information. Finley, E., Baker, M., Pugh, M., & Peterson, A. (2010). Patterns and perceptions of intimate partner violence committed by returning veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. Journal of Family Violence, 5(8), 737-743. Doi: 10.1007/s10896-010-9331-7 The researchers aim at addressing critical thematic concerns regarding a population of Iraqi and Afghanistan veterans; diagnosed with PTSD. The researcher addresses concerns of IPV among the population sample selected. The researchers come up with two categorical findings, which establish different inclinations towards the main themes under critical study, obviously, regarding IPV among PTSD. Three modes of violence include violence elicited by anger, parasomniac and dissociative. Secondly, common notions on PTSD and suffering-related war influence veterans’ reaction to violence cases against their partners. This study examines pertinent matters in the expounding of corrective measures or actions to be taken by authorities and organizations in dealing with their workforce stress issues. The study portends benefits of research evidence and thorough review. However, they have made it technical and fit for militaristic organizations in particular. Gibbons, S. W., Hickling, E. J., & Watts, D. (2012). Combat stressors and post-traumatic stress in deployed military healthcare professionals: an integrative review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 68(1), 3-21. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05708.x This study aims to document experiences, exposures and other distinguished factors that affect the level of stress responses among the military health care practitioners, who engaged previously, in war efforts. It also describes the occurrences of post-traumatic strain and mental complications among the selected population. This study provides additional contextual understanding, drawing the thematic concerns of stress among the workforce and its imminent impacts. By application of explicit coding schemes and Cooper’s method to collect key facts and conceptual contents, the researchers study explicitly plays a consummate role in integrating the various stress related terminologies and ideologies to address the entire stress concerns. These are some of the notable strength encompassed in the work study. To study combat and post-traumatic strain in health care practitioners requires a systematic approach, which the work does not seem to employ. Harrison, J. P., Satterwhite, L. F., & Ruday, J. (2010). The financial impact of post traumatic stress disorder on returning us military personnel. Journal of Health Care Finance, 36(4), 65-74. This article focuses on the fiscal impact of PTSD prevalence among combatants coming from missions. The authors analyze the prevalence rates of PTSD and utilize the sum of soldiers sent on missions between 2003 and 2008 to estimate the number of soldiers expected to return while experiencing PTSD. Their estimate is about 100, 000 soldiers. After providing a basis for the significance of their study, they analyze the monetary requirement for such a number of soldiers requiring care and medication. The article addresses the general community, and those in positions of formulating policies. However, the article also highlights the significance of research on PTSD. Herzog, J., Everson, R. R., & Whitworth, J. (2011). Do secondary trauma symptoms in spouses of combat-exposed national guard soldiers mediate impacts of soldiers trauma exposure on their children? Child & Adolescent Social Work Journal, 28(6), 459-473. Doi: 10.1007/s10560-011-0243-z This study aims to address the topic or concern relating to effect of stress on the individual’s family. It aims to examine the effects of combat exposure on soldiers assigned to a National Guard unit in the mid western. Additionally, the study addresses the correlating and secondary effects of exposure to combat on a soldier’s family; spouse and children in general. According to the study, combat exposure elicits behaviors of substance abuse, traumatic symptoms, domestic violence and secondary traumatic characteristics extended to other family members. Secondary stress is evident in families whose heads have experienced elevated levels of PTSD. This stress may extend further to the children in those families. This topic of study, however, needs further inquiry throu8gh sampling and literature sourcing. However, it forms a firm basis for the support of the main topic of study. To lessen the effects of PTSD on immediate family members, more methods are due consummate. Nidiffer, F., & Leach, S. (2010). To Hell and Back: Evolution of Combat-Related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. (Cover Story). Developments in Mental Health Law, 29(1-2), 1-22. This article focuses on diagnoses of PTSD. In line with this focus, the authors start by identifying a working definition of PTSD. They then evaluate the history of diagnosis of the condition, considering related current political, legal and group developments to comprehend the exceptional aspects of the identification. The article is a narrative report, utilizing accounts of others on the effects of soldiers’ exposure to combat. The researchers, therefore, extensively use quotes from other sources. The article is palatable for the general population, because it uses basic expressions with minimal technical terms. The article, however, provides information on the expressions, feelings and emotions experienced after exposure to combat. Polusny, M., Erbes, C., Murdoch, M., Arbisi, P., Thuras, P., & Rath, M. (2011). Prospective risk factors for new-onset post-traumatic stress disorder in National Guard soldiers deployed to Iraq. Psychological Medicine, 41(4), 687-698. This is a research reports on the risk and resilience of soldiers to PTSD. Having identified deficits on these aspects in the studies of soldiers exposed to combat, the researchers used a sample of soldiers drawn from National Guard deployed in Iraq. The participants completed PTSD symptoms analysis before the mission and post-deployment outcomes 2-3 months after the mission. The research found out that a feeling of uneasiness for deployment and the presence of stressor factors in the soldiers’ life before deployment, contributed to the occurrence on new-onset probable PTSD. Additionally, the presence of post-deployment social support was a significant factor in increasing the resilience of combat-exposed soldiers to PTSD. The study, however, used a small sample of soldiers from one mission. The dissimilarity in the nature of missions could not be accounted for. Nevertheless, the longitudinal nature of the research offers basis for observance of possible causes and prevention of PTSD. Ramchand, R. (2010). Disparate prevalence estimates of PTSD among service members who served in Iraq and Afghanistan: Possible explanations. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 23(1), 59-68. This is a secondary research, utilizing data from other previous researches on the prevalence of PTSD among servicemen involved in missions and comparing them with other non-US soldiers. The authors, however, focus on proving possible explanations on the variances observed in the estimates of the prevalence of PTSD on soldiers serving in the two missions. The researchers used PILOT to identify 29 studies done on the subject. The research found that the variances resulted from errors in researching. This included sampling errors and confidence intervals. Others were the reporting conditions for the soldiers after missions. They, therefore, proved the variances to be insignificant. This showed that there was a direct correlation between combat exposure and PTSD. The use of a wide variety of studies provided a strong basis for their conclusion. Renshaw, K., et al (2011). Distress in spouses of service members with symptoms of combat-related PTSD: secondary traumatic stress or general psychological distress? Journal of Family Psychology: JFP: Journal Of The Division Of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43), 25(4), 461-469. This article is a research report on a study on the correlation of combat related PTSD and spouses’ distress. The researchers start with the thesis that combat related posttraumatic stress disorder is linked with lofty psychological distress in veterans’ spouses. The researchers used an extensive sample (190 wives of servicemen). These respondents rated their own PTSD, and answered questions on whether their STS/STDS are attributable to their spouses PTSD. The report is addressed to scholars in the field, as the language is limiting to the universal populace. The technique utilized in the study, where the respondents evaluate themselves, is prone to biases. Attributing ones condition to some external phenomena is reliant on numerous dynamics within an individual; it is predisposed to subjectivity. The report, nevertheless, presents empirical support on the identified thesis. Symptoms of post-concussion syndrome after mTBI greater among service members with greater PTSD severity. (2011). San Diego, California, US: US Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (BUMED). This research study inculcates an ingenious qualitative co-relation of the results of mTBI and PTSD levels to establish the relative intensity of the resultant PCS. The study researchers establish that individuals with higher levels of PTSD symptoms and mild scores of mTBI elicit higher levels of PCI. Conversely, those with the opposite traits had low PCI scores. Self assessments and cross-sectional study methods credit the researchers with an opportunity to obtain primary findings that are credible. The study, however, is understandable to the professionals specialized in this field. The study is relevant to the topic of study as it integrates the various underpinnings of the study with the thematic concerns addressed in the study topic. Zeber, J. E., Noel, P. H., Pugh, M., Copeland, L. A., & Parchman, M. L. (2010). Family perceptions of post-deployment healthcare needs of Iraq/Afghanistan military personnel. Mental Health in Family Medicine, 7(3), 135-143. The study found that numerous service workforce returning from Iraq and Afghanistan return with augmented risks of PTSD or other diverse psychiatric complications. These health concerns emanating after deployment elicit burdens that veterans have to share with their immediate family. Most of these personalities rely on community healthcare though pantry information regarding their attendan1ce to these clinics is present. Families perceive that most of these veterans’ contract or develop severe post traumatic stress implications, social and health issues. Marital and divorce issues form a large percentage of the families affected by post traumatic stress. Moreover, the most prevalent issues include alcohol misuse and severe PTSD. Health systems and clinics demand attention to these issues to aid the veterans of war. The study encompasses the use of easily understandable language that most practitioners and people can understand. It forms an evidence of the effects of stress on workers, relevant to the topic of study. Then study contains meager bias and is well structure for ease of comprehension. References Bryan, C., & Anestis, M. (2011). Reexperiencing symptoms and the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior among deployed service members evaluated for traumatic brain injury. Journal Of Clinical Psychology, 67(9), 856-865. Finley, E., Baker, M., Pugh, M., & Peterson, A. (2010). Patterns and Perceptions of Intimate Partner Violence Committed by Returning Veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Journal Of Family Violence, 25(8), 737-743. doi:10.1007/s10896-010-9331-7 Gibbons, S. W., Hickling, E. J., & Watts, D. (2012). Combat stressors and post-traumatic stress in deployed military healthcare professionals: an integrative review. Journal Of Advanced Nursing, 68(1), 3-21. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05708.x Harrison, J. P., Satterwhite, L. F., & Ruday, J. (2010). The Financial Impact of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder on Returning US Military Personnel. Journal Of Health Care Finance, 36(4), 65-74. Herzog, J., Everson, R. R., & Whitworth, J. (2011). Do Secondary Trauma Symptoms in Spouses of Combat-Exposed National Guard Soldiers Mediate Impacts of Soldiers Trauma Exposure on Their Children? Child & Adolescent Social Work Journal, 28(6), 459-473. doi:10.1007/s10560-011-0243-z Nidiffer, F., & Leach, S. (2010). To Hell and Back: Evolution of Combat-Related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. (Cover Story). Developments In Mental Health Law, 29(1-2), 1-22. Polusny, M., Erbes, C., Murdoch, M., Arbisi, P., Thuras, P., & Rath, M. (2011). Prospective risk factors for new-onset post-traumatic stress disorder in National Guard soldiers deployed to Iraq. Psychological Medicine, 41(4), 687-698. Ramchand, R. (2010). Disparate prevalence estimates of PTSD among service members who served in Iraq and Afghanistan: Possible explanations. Journal Of Traumatic Stress, 23(1), 59-68. Renshaw, K., et al (2011). Distress in spouses of service members with symptoms of combat-related PTSD: secondary traumatic stress or general psychological distress?. Journal Of Family Psychology: JFP: Journal Of The Division Of Family Psychology Of The American Psychological Association (Division 43), 25(4), 461-469. Symptoms of post-concussion syndrome after mTBI greater among service members with greater PTSD severity. (2011). San Diego, California, US: US Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (BUMED). Zeber, J. E., Noel, P. H., Pugh, M., Copeland, L. A., & Parchman, M. L. (2010). Family perceptions of post-deployment healthcare needs of Iraq/Afghanistan military personnel. Mental Health In Family Medicine, 7(3), 135-143. Read More