A Health Behavior to Reduce Weight - Essay Example

? A Health Behavior to Reduce Weight Lecturer: A Health Behavior to Reduce Depression Depression is a mood disorder,which contributes to sad, anxious or hopeless feelings. Many people with depression tend to lose appetite, have sleeping problems, and they can commit suicide in case they are not taken care of. Various scholars in various articles try to reveal the way depression is a disease that is associated with high costs of care. It also has a large gap in the provision of quality primary care treatment. Both articles provide primary care as on the effective treatment method for depression. The article provides an integrated primary care carried out basing on IMPACT (Improving Mood Promoting Access to Collaborative Treatment) intervention model as a primary health care program for depression treatment (Unuutzer, Katon, Callahan, Williams, Hunkeler, Harpole, Hoffing and IMPACT Investigators, 2002). The authors convey the message of improving primary care treatment on depression issues to vulnerable groups including the migrants, mental people, disadvantaged and racial minorities. This information is effective because depression is common in many vulnerable populations and most patients do not receive effective primary care intervention. This is because many health care providers remain ill-equipped about providing primary care treatment. Many clinics have not advanced or taken any stem of improving the health status of patients with depression issues; thus the information provide in both articles are effective in improving the mental health of patients through the use of IMPACT model. Katon, W. J., Schoenbaum, M., Fan, M. Y., Callahan, C. M., Williams, J. J., Hunkeler, E., Harpole, L., and Unuutzer, J. (January 01, 2005). Cost-effectiveness of improving primary care treatment of late-life depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 12, 1313-20. This article reveals the way depression is a contributing cause for functional impairment in elderly people. The author carried out research study through random sampling in order to determine the way cost-effectiveness of the IMPACT invention program may improve depression diseases (Katon, Schoenbaum, Fan, Callahan, Williams, Hunkeler, Harpole and Unuutzer, 2005). The authors sampled eighteen primary health care clinics in eight hospitals, in five states. The participants included older people of more than 60 years and among others with significant depressions. The authors conclude that IMPACT model is an effective intervention treatment for elderly people with depression issues. Unuutzer, J., Katon, W., Callahan, C. M., Williams, J. W. J., Hunkeler, E., Harpole, L., Hoffing, M., and IMPACT Investigators. Improving Mood-Promoting Access to Collaborative Treatment. (December 11, 2002). Collaborative care management of late-life depression in the primary care setting: a randomized controlled trial. Jama: the Journal of the American Medical Association, 288, 22, 2836-45. The article reveals the way IMPACT model is effective for managing depression in late life. The authors carried out random sampling of 1801 patients in eight clinics. They wanted to determine the way IMPACT model can contribute to effective care management of depression in elderly people. The authors came to the conclusion that IMPACT model is an effective intervention method for depression in primary care practices. Integrated Behavioral Health Reduces Depression and Anxiety in Primary Care Patients. Improving Quality of Life and Reducing Costs. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. This article analyses the way primary care providers can improve the quality of life of mental health issues. This is through behavioral health treatment and use of IMPACT assessment model. The participants employed questionnaire method by asking patients some questions about the way they can identify depression and refer them to social workers for screening. The participants sampled the vulnerable populations and concluded that IMPACT intervention and behavioral are effective in providing better health standards of people with mental health disorders. However, both articles have a limitation of not providing a clear explanation on the way IMPACT can improve the health of mental health disorders such as depression. Both articles agree that IMPACT intervention is an effective intervention model for improving the life of depressed people. This treatment method is effective at the primary health care level; thus physicians should ensure that they help patients in order to improve their mood behaviors. The method is cost effective because it reduces the cost associated with provision of care management to people with mental health issues. However, the articles differ in some instances because each of them reports differently on the results of the study. AHRQ (2010) asserts that providing cognitive behavioral is essential because it focuses on problem solving; thus providing education about depression condition of the patient. The author further provides medical therapy as an effective measure for improving the health status of the patients. However, the other articles emphasize on IMPACT model as the only effective measure for improving life quality of depression disorders for elder people; thus reducing the costs associated with this disorder (Katon et.al, 2005 and Unuutzer et al, 2011). Additionally, the legality of both articles is coherent because the results are valid. This is because both articles reveal the truth about the way of managing or improving depression disease. The valid can revealed through focusing on the way the researchers analyzed the study by implementing effective methods and provided data analysis. The study data may be useful because of the way the researchers employed the use of questionnaires, sampling and randomization in order to determine the way IMPACT intervention is effective in improving the health of depression patients. The outcomes produced doe not overly being influenced by the participants or patients nor the researchers; thus indicating a high degree of validity. The results were valid because the method employed balanced the group of patients with their age. For instance, the, method of randomization used is effective because it eliminates biasness. Moreover, the science is portrayed in the media in a negative way; thus an indication that media misunderstands the work or the roles science plays ion the contemporary society. According to Martin, Haskard-Zolnierek and DiMatteo (2010), the effective way of addressing the health behavior and the results discussed in the media articles is through understanding the behavioral change theory. Behavioral change theory is an effective way that will enable patients to reduce depression. The theory focuses on problem solving in order to understand the problem of the patient; thus providing effective intervention measures that will create change in an individual. Behavior change involves addressing the needs of an individual; thus providing the solution to the problems. The way of addressing health behaviors for depression patients is through physical examination of patients; this addressing the common mental health related issues with depression such as anxiety, stress and mood changes (AHRQ, 2010). This will enable one to provide education programs that will create change towards the behavior pattern of the patient; thus improving their behaviors. Moreover, through IMPACT intervention strategy, one can be able to maintain the health behavior of the patient. Martin, Haskard-Zolnierek and DiMatteo, (2010) argue that one can maintain or change the behavior of an individual through motivating the patient to improve the health behavior. The authors further reveal that providing motivation and social support to patients is crucial. Self monitoring and being mindful can contribute to behavioral change of patients; thus improving their health conditions. Although, punishment, which is explained in operant conditioning such as separating the patient in order to allow the patient to improve his or her behavior, it may worsen the situation of the patient. Therefore, choosing an effective strategy of such as incorporating behavioral change with IMPACT intervention model is effective in improving the health condition of the patient. In conclusion, science is portrayed in the media as misleading; thus media focus the study carried out in the articles as non-pragmatic in nature. The study was carried out in the real world environment, but the results reported in each article as portrayed by media as not inconsistent. Media reports that the varying degree of results on the improvement of patients suffering from depression reveals that the research study was biased. This is because the comparisons were in favor for the primary care groups. The media claim that these science articles are misleading because from the results revealed that IMPACT intervention model does not improve the health status of mental health disorders. From these articles, the media enables one to understand the way behavioral change can help in improving the health status of an individual. For instance, providing education programs and motivating patients can help patients to improve their mood behaviors. This is essential because it will improve their health status. Though, the way media provide the results of the research study carried out is an indication that media creates biasness towards science issues. Although, scientist believes that empirical research can lead to effective results, most of the media sources exaggerates or creates a misleading effect. This may create the question as to whether scientific research discovery is correct or incorrect. Hence, there is a need for future research study in order to advance on the empirical investigation; thus providing adequate information to improve the research study results. References AHRQ. (November 24, 2010). Integrated Behavioral Health Reduces Depression and Anxiety in Primary Care Patients, Improving Quality of Life and Reducing Costs. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Retrieved on November 19, from http://www.innovations.ahrq.gov/content.aspx?id=2951 Katon, W. J., Schoenbaum, M., Fan, M. Y., Callahan, C. M., Williams, J. J., Hunkeler, E., Harpole, L., and Unuutzer, J. (January 01, 2005). Cost-effectiveness of improving primary care treatment of late-life depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 12, 1313-20.Retrieved on November 19, from http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=209123 Martin, L. R., Haskard-Zolnierek, K. B., & DiMatteo, M. R. (2010). Health behavior change and treatment adherence: Evidence-based guidelines for improving healthcare. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Unuutzer, J., Katon, W., Callahan, C. M., Williams, J. W. J., Hunkeler, E., Harpole, L., Hoffing, M., and IMPACT Investigators. Improving Mood-Promoting Access to Collaborative Treatment. (December 11, 2002). Collaborative care management of late-life depression in the primary care setting: a randomized controlled trial. Jama: the Journal of the American Medical Association, 288, 22, 2836-45. Retrieved on November 19, from http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=195599 Read More