Political Realism and Neo-Marxist Theories - Assignment Example

Zhonghao Wu Abdoulaye Saine POL 271B POL 271 Political realism, economic realism (mercantilism) and neo-Marxist theories (world-systems/dependency theory) share several assumptions in common. Tease out the similarities and differences between these theories. Global instability, but there are two word politically and economic always inspire globalization progress. Also for globalization, there has conflict and cooperation that with time word political definition has different. So what is political realism? Spiegel points out political realism is very much in touch with moral principles and political, especially in historical circumstances (250). He explants what is political realism as we talk on class that I think state seek to preserve their political autonomy and their territorial integrity. Once these two interests have been secured, however, national interests may take different forms. So this emphasis on relative, and not absolute power, derives from the realist conception of the international system, that mean is for the realist, an anarchical environment. Economic realism (mercantilism) that mean focus on the likelihood of zero-sun competition and are therefore more concerned that the gains realized by one party in a trade exchange will come at the expense of the other trade partner. Realism and the political economy are best described for mercantilism it constructs exhibits characters of free trade, capital markets and open economies (Spiegel 200-400). Neo-Marxist theories are rejects the realist/liberal view of state conflict or cooperation instead focusing on the economic and material aspects. Here is I find on my economic note and example is construction and investment of housing in American. This market bubble created an overproduction in housing leading the world economy. “ What is the different for Neo-Marxist theories, mercantilism, and political realism relationship? Here is good view of those theories to explant (Rourke 50-280). Therefore, for me I think three different theories just give a mean point I still believe that world need more cooperation and conflict. We just clearly, those mean. Because time is change human will find more and more suitable for the different time period definition. 2. Outline three perspectives of World Politics (Realism, Liberalism Social-constructivism, and Feminism) and then use these to assess President Barak Obama’s foreign and domestic economic policies. Realism: contemporary realists share a set of related core assumptions: Anarchy is the foundation of international politics and leads to power politics as stated try at least to ensure their security and often to enhance their power. Because of anarchy, states are prone to conflict, not cooperation stability in the international system is better preserved by conflict that by cooperation (Rourke 50-280)\. States that prioritize cooperation or economic gain over security will not fare as well in the international system. Obama provided incentives to reduce national consumption of energy and to encourage a wide range if alternative energy sources that mean tax breaks. This news is change The U.S energy framework, American is producing more oil, gas and renewable energy and the US is becoming more energy efficient overall these trends are increasing our energy security, cutting our carbon pollution, and enhancing our economic growth. Which mean Obama for the global energy conservation to achieve made a great contribution (Spiegel 200-400). Liberalism: cooperation is not only possible, despite anarchy and human nature, but also beneficial, there is more cooperation than conflict in the world and people learn and adapt. International politics is a variable-sum that not a zero-sum, game. Interdependence, institutions, and democracy can facilitate cooperation (Rourke 50-280). Constructivism: defines their won approach by its differences from realism and liberalism. That is argue that states are far from rational, that they develop their identities and interests internally, and that their assumptions, beliefs, and behaviors determine the effect of the international system. I look this sentence from Whitehouse website (Rourke 50-280). They clearly said president Obama want cooperation with East Asia (Spiegel 400-600). Feminist: theory that is emerged from feminist movements aims to understand the nature of gender inequality by examining women’s social roles and lived experience; it has developed theories in a variety of disciplines in order to respond to issues such as the social construction of sex and gender. Obama favors the concept of equal pay that mean male or female should have same treatment (Rourke 50-280).From my view, this is a good way to vote and support methods, on the other hand it solve feminist problem (Rourke 50-280).  3. What is economic “Globalization”? Critique this phenomenon from a Liberal feminism perspective.   What is economic “Globalization”? We should know about what is globalization. Globalization drives the world economically, socially and politically toward greater integration and interdependence and is exemplified by more open borders and the related movement of capital, goods and people across them. What is economic globalization? On beast mean view from economic view to explant globalization. Economic globalization is conducive to the rational allocation of resources and factors of production in the world, in favor of capital and goods in the global flow of beneficial technology in the global expansion, and promoting the underdeveloped areas of economic development, human development and progress performance is inevitable result of the world economy development. Liberalism is the economic theory and ideology that has served as the primary backdrop to what is commonly referred to as globalization (Rourke 50-280). The world trade organization WTO has been both praised and criticized as the consummate representative of globalization. Work bank and the international monetary fund IMF, for these growing economic inequalities. Those element and department support economic globalization (Spiegel 200-400). How about view that how women to impact globalization economic. Here is point out from our textbook. (Rourke 50-280). on the class we discussion about development economic has five stage of economic. Moderation and colonialism impact globalization development because there separate developed and development country, Economic globalization there has a lot of issue with feminism (World Politics in a New Era371) as the book point we can know some country did care about women so economic development and women already take the responsibility of taking children and family that is big part market. In addition, population growing affect country’s economic. The population is decide by fertility of women (Rourke 50-280).   3. Assess China’s current status as an emerging global hegemonic power. How is China’s use of power different from that of the United States’ use? Is China a threat to the US? If yes, why, if not, why not? What that mean for hegemonic? In order for a nation-state to rise to the level of hegemon, there are same attributes it must or is more advantageous to have political strength, military force, and superior national power that are necessary such as military bases in the world anywhere. Conduct specific military activity. American hegemonic After Second World War American, become to a powerful country, because of economic power and military. This power has been based one large well-educated and fairly homogeneous population a substantial and well-located territory, the world’s premier economy, and a state superposed by its people and capable of mobilizing its resources for military conflict when the occasion has demanded (Rourke 50-280). Globalization rely on two organization one of them is IMF which is the International Monetary Fund the a sound international financial system is need to support vibrant international trade, while smoothly flowing trade helps reduce the risk of payments imbalances and financial crisis. Other one is WTO that is world Trade Organization; it’s the only global international organization dealing with the rule of trade between nations (Rourke 50-280). At its heart are the WTO agreements, the two institutions work together to ensure a strong system of international trade and payments that is open all countries. Such a system is critical for enabling economic growth, raising living standards, and reducing poverty around the globe. Here is element why people think American emerging global hegemonic. American in that year has strongly gold reserve after Second WW (Rourke 50-280). Start this system need currency management, so The United States start work on this. Now anywhere uses the US dollar to settle most of its international trade. In addition, the dollar hegemony still impact today. The dollar has a potential competitor that is RMB, Chain is the world’s second largest economy and in the 20year to become largest economy (Rourke 50-280). The Chinese government taking more measures to promote use of the RMB in international financial and trade in. with cross-border capital the RMB will become a viable reserve currency. However, due to restrictions on the development of Chain’s financial markets, they are political and the legal system RMB cannot include in other central banks. But RMB can weaken the dollar. Other emerging market economies cannot raise its currency to reserve currency status. On the other hand U.S hegemonic decline has been debated for decades, people focus on China anytime soon, even with its double-digit growth and increasing regional influence. I accept china’s influence on the US economy (Spiegel 200-400).As we discuss in the class china make money anywhere, but American have many military bases that is different way to increase power. Good example is Chinese make a market and business in African (Rourke 50-280). Works Cited Rourke, John T. Taking Sides. New York, NY: Mcgraw-Hill, 2014. Print. Spiegel, Steven L. World Politics in a New Era. New York: Oxford University Press, 2015. Print. Read More