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Nursing Research Critical Appraisal Ima Jones, Indiana Nursing Nursing 322 Presented to Dr. Luckys Indiana Critical appraisalIntroductionThis is a critical appraisal of an article entitled: Comparison of Vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism in obese and non-obese children and adolescents. This article was published in the Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. Problem and PurposeThe Purpose of this non-randomized study is to establish the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism in overweight children.

Diseases related to obesity have increased in the last 20 years. Additionally, an increase in the health care costs has posed significant challenges to families who seek affordable treatment services (Wang & Dietz, 2002). It is also apparent that many families cannot afford health care and proper housing, thus leading to many unresolved cases of health and illnesses in many communities.Review of the literatureObesity is a critical health and therapeutic problem in both the developing and developed countries.

It has significantly increased during the last two decades (El-Helaly, Kamel, Abd-Elaziz, Elwan & Nabih, 2009; Alsayed, Gad & Azab, 2007). According to Alsayed et al. (2007), obesity subjects individuals to metabolic and endocrine disorders. Such complications can pose significant risks to children’s health and general life performance. Additionally, it can lead to an increase in many complications and illnesses which further results in obstruction of a country’s economic progress and the development of an entire health care system (Parikh, Edelman, Uwaifo, Freedman, Semega-Janneh, Reynolds, & Yanovski, 2004; Wang & Dietz, 2002; Afridi, Khattak, Safdar & Khan, 2003).

ConclusionIn conclusion, overweight children are at risk of vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperthyroidism. It is clear that BMI may be a significant risk factor for vitamin D deficiency obese and non-obese children and adolescents. Considering the above cases, it is recommended that obese children, especially those with high body mass index, take routinely vitamin D supplementary treatment. Additionally, they should go for routine screening with regard to vitamin D deficiency.ReferencesAfridi, A.

, Khattak, M., Safdar, M., & Khan, A. (2003). Health risks of overweight and obesity: An overview. Pak. J. Nutr., 2, 350-360.Alsayed, A., Gad, A., & Azab, A. (2007). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations andmetabolic syndrome in Egyptian men. J.Medical Sci,7, 850-854.El-Helaly, N., Kamel, Y., Abd-Elaziz, E., Elwan, A. & Nabih, M. (2009). Childhood obesity andasthma severity: Is there a link? J. Biol. Sci, 9, 259-263.Parikh, S., Edelman, M. Uwaifo, G. Freedman, R. Semega-Janneh, M. Reynolds, J.

, & Yanovski,J. (2004). The relationship between obesity and serum 1, 25-dihydroxyl vitamin Dconcentration in healthy adults. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab, 89, 1196-1199.Wang, G., & Dietz, W. (2002). Economic burden of obesity in youth aged 6 to 17 years: 1979-1999. Pediatrics,109, E81-E91.