Multi-Cultural Law Enforcement Definition - Essay Example

Multi-Cultural Law Enforcement Definition Learner’s Affiliated Institute PART Acculturation As defined by (Zagefka, González & Brown, 2011), Acculturation is the process through which a person or group adopts a culture of another. For example, a person of an African culture adopts to the western culture. Anti-SemitismThis is a position of hatred or discrimination against the Jews as a religion. A person who holds such a position is referred to as “anti-Semite.” (Jewishvirtuallibrary.org, 2015).

An example is a gentile, who hates the Jews. AssimilationAssimilation refers to person’s gradual acquisition of social and psychological characteristics of another group. For instance, an African man who moves to live in Europe starts to acquire the characteristics of Europeans. BiasBias refers to ‘unfair’ judgment. A biased person acts in favor of one side. It is therefore a tendency of a person to depict inclination, usually towards the unexpected side. E.g. a European employer gives a job to a fellow European at the expense of people from other nationalities, not by merit but origin.

Bigot It is a term used to refer to a person who never tolerates people of the contrary opinion. An example is a manager who fires the employees who disagree with his opinion. Culture Culture refers to the standards associated with a given society, and which has distinct attributes which can help in uniquely identifying the members of the society. E.g. the African culture, which identifies people of African origin. Cultural competenceIt refers to the ability of a person to interact well with people of different cultures.

For example, a person from African culture, being able to interact/ fit in the European culture. DiscriminationRefers to the treatment of a person as distinct from others, on the lines of skin color, race, class, etc. Discrimination leads to isolation of a person(s), from other person or a social group. DiversityDiversity refers to the state of being composed of a variety of things. An example, diversity in university (having people from different races). Dominant CultureThe dominant culture refers to the culture that has highest number of members, as compared to the other culture.

Thus, a dominant culture is the one that forms the highest population percentage. E.g. the dominant culture in America is that of the whites. EthnicityEthnicity is a way of identifying people on basis of their ethnic group. Example; a lecturer of American ethnicity. EthnocentrismEthnocentrism refers to the belief that, one’s ethnic group is better than the others. For this reason, the person judges the other ethnic groups on basis of his own ethnic group. For example, an American judges African culture based on the standards of his ethnic group.

ImmigrantImmigrant refers to a person who has moved into another country or state. E.g. A Mexican who moves to England to live there. PrejudiceIt refers to a preconceived opinion by a person who doesn’t base on any reasoning. The person has a negative feel against the other. E.g. a negative comment from a lecturer to an African student, whereby the lecturer has a perception that Africans can never have anything worthwhile. RaceIt refers to a group of people who share some distinct characteristics, such as skin color. E.g.

The whites, share skin color attributes. RefugeeA refugee is a person, who enters into a foreign country/ nation to for safety, due to a tragic event in the mother country. E.g. someone flees to the neighboring country as a result of a civil war. ScapegoatingIt is a behavior, through which a group or a person is singled out from a group for unmerited negative treatment (Stafford, 1977). For example, a black person is isolated from whites and beaten up for no reasons. StereotypeRefers to a view held by people in the society about something or a person.

ReferencesJewishvirtuallibrary.org,. (2015). Anti-Semitism | Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved 30 April 2015, from http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/antisem.htmlStafford, L. (1977). Scapegoating: How and Why Scapegoating Occurs. The American Journal Of Nursing, 77(3), 406. doi:10.2307/3424139Zagefka, H., González, R., & Brown, R. (2011). How minority members perceptions of majority members acculturation preferences shape minority members own acculturation preferences: Evidence from Chile.

 British Journal Of Social Psychology, 50(2), 216-233. doi:10.1348/014466610x512211PART: 2Differences between criminal profiling and racial profilingThere exist a difference between racial and criminal profiling, but the two are occasionally confused by people. The two social problems have persisted for years and seem to have no indication of a nearing extinction. Racial profiling is more common of the two social problems. It has been a point of focus of studies, particularly on how it is influenced by race and ethnicity.

Racial and criminal profiling are different things, and hence should not be confused (Mucchetti, 2006). One of the factors which make social profiling differ from criminal profiling is that; social profiling is not race specific and doesn’t target a particular country. Racial profiling is common with traffic officers, where the officer uses the basis of race or ethnic factors in determining the person to arrest (Glover, 2009). It is common with police officers when they stop vehicles driven by people of certain ethnicity or races.

An example could be in the case when a police officer stops a car just because a black person drives it. On the other hand, criminal profiling is an investigative tool that is used to identify attributes of persons likely to be criminals. It uses records attributes of the past offenders and use the statistics to predict the characteristics of the future offender. One of the common ways of profiling is the use of geographical location. People from particular geographic areas are profiles perpetrators of certain crimes.

For instance, people from Jamaica are profiled with deadlock crimes. In conclusion, a line can be drawn between racial profiling and criminal profiling, by stating that; racial profiling involves mistreatment of a person for reason of belonging to a given ethnic group or race. Criminal profiling aims at identifying the patterns in crime occurrences, which can help in predicting future crime offenders. ReferencesGlover, K. (2009). Racial profiling. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield.Mucchetti, M. (2006). Il baco del Corriere.

 Google Books. Retrieved 30 April 2015, from https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=nw4i0mNZfvkC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Mucche tti,+2006&hl=en&sa=X&ei=10lCVf- dNJDjavzZgdAN&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Mucchetti%2C%202006&f=falseStefoff, R. (2011). Criminal profiling. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark.