The Clustering of Occurring Offences in Three Different Police Shifts - Essay Example

There is the availability of security officers during the three shifts.

Shifts and clustering of occurring offenses:

The following table summarizes the standard deviation, nearest neighbor index, and p-values for the three shifts:

Crime type

Std Dev Dist

Nearest Neighbour Index

P –value

Evidence  of Clustering

(1-tailed)

Shift 1

3039

0.5746

0.0001

Yes

Shift 2

2887.5

0.4679

0.0001

Yes

Shift 3

3104.7

0.4838

0.0001

yes

The above table summarizes information from three shifts. Clustering is indicated by the nearest neighbor index (NNI) and the NNI value from the table are 0.5746, 0.4679, and 0.4838 for shift 1, shift 2, and shift 3 respectively. An NNI value of 1 indicates random clustering and therefore the above NNI values are less than 1 and this indicates clustering of occurring offenses. The P value for the three shifts is p value = 0.0001 and because this value is less than 0.05 then the clustering of occurring offenses is statistically significant.

From the table shift, two has an NNI value of 0.4679 and a standard deviation distance value of 2887.5 and this is the lowest NNI value meaning that this shift is more clustered than all the other shifts, shift 1 has the highest NNI value of 0.5746 and a standard deviation distance value of 3039 meaning that this shift is less clustered. Shift three has a median NNI value of 0.4838 and a standard deviation distance value of 3104.7.

Shift two has the lowest NNI value and this is an indication that given that shift two times is from 16 hours to 24Hours there are fewer police officers and security agents available during this time of the day and therefore higher clustering of occurring offenses.

Shift one has an NNI value of 0.5746 which is statistically significant at 0.05 level of tests this is the highest NNI value meaning that there is less clustering of occurring offenses, this shift time is from 9 hours to 15 hours, and during this time of the day, more police officers and security agents are available and therefore less clustering of occurring offenses.

Shift three has a median value of NNI and this means that this shift has less clustering of occurring offenses than shift two but higher clustering of occurring offenses than shift one. This means that during shift three we have higher clustering of occurring offenses than shift one but less clustering of occurring offenses than shift two.

Conclusion: