Organisation and behaviour - Essay Example

Download file to see previous pages The paper tells that organizations, including both business and non-business, comprise of people, process, system and technology. The ultimate success of the organization is greatly depending on how it manages, coordinates and controls its people, process and technology. Various organizational theories and concepts provide fundamental basis for understanding, explaining and predicting the behaviour of people in an organization or its functioning in order to help managers in effectively utilizing the resources and enhancing greater effectiveness for the organizational success. Progressive organizations in today’s dynamic business environment look at its structure, people, leadership and organizational design and thus act very differently from those of past years. Robbins and Judge described that an organizational structure is a structure in which job tasks are formally divided, grouped and coordinated. It relates to the division of labour as well the as the patterns of coordination, communication, workflow and formal power among the people for directing organizational activities. In order to recognize the patterns of the organizational structure, managers need to address six basic elements, they are work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, formalization and centralization or decentralization. Organizational structure is a formal relationship and use of people in the organization where different jobs are related in some structural way in order their works to be effectively managed. Organizations greatly differ from one to the other based on the structure they follow in the relationship among the jobs pattern. Different types of organizations on the basis of structure are functional, divisional, geographic, market, matrix etc. Functional Organization is one in which people are grouped on the basis of their common skills and expertise. Functional structure is the basis of horizontal differentiation. An organization is required to group tasks in to functions in order to increase the effectiveness and to achieve the organizational goals (Jones, 2004, p. 160- 161). In the functional form of organizational structure, people with common skills are assembled to a functional group and therefore they get opportunity to learn from another and become specialized in problem solving or performing a task etc. A product division structure in one in which there is a centralized set of support to function the service needs of number of different product lines. Food processing company or furniture makers follow this structure. If the company produces wide range of complex products, the organization may follow multidivisional structure in which support functions are placed in self-contained divisions. If the organization is operating in wide area, it may follow geographic divisional structure in which divisions are carried out according to the requirements of different locations that the organization operates. When the company grows ...Download file to see next pagesRead More