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While South Africa’s central Bank is only one in the entire country, US Federal Reserve has 12 regional banks, each controlled by its own directors. The governor has final
As an alternative, they will recruit a higher number of men whose wage bill/salary stand far above that of women despite having a similar skill level. Consequently, in a perfectly competitive market, non-discriminating employers will certainly gain a cost advantage and eventually drive out discriminating employers from the market.
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Microeconomics is the analysis based on micro units represented by the firm, consumers amongst others, and profit maximization as a function of the firm, which can occur both in the short and long run and in the process, the firm determines price and output levels that provide the highest profit. There are several profit maximization theories that are applicable to firms.
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History has witnessed China had been under serious economic crises because of the financial debts of the Chinese Banking system. To counter the economic and financial crisis, reforms were introduced to enhance the performance of the Chinese economy. Good financial and banking system will ultimately result in the advancement of any economy.
omic exposure refers to the factors affecting an organization’s investments, cash flows, and earnings when there are fluctuations in exchange rates. This type of exposure is also called operating exposure (Saudagaran 2009).
Risk-sharing agreements refer to the set rules and
Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that deals with the study of the collective behavior of the economy. It does not deal with the individual market but with the behavior and structure of the whole economy. Moreover, it is related to national income, the rate of growth, the rate of inflation, the rate of employment, gross domestic product.
goods, consisting of tangible and visible products; services, which are made up of commodities that are intangible that are produced, transferred and consumed; income; financial claims on, and liabilities to, different parts of t he world, not limited to changes in the reserve
Generally, import- substituting industrialization is a policy that is mostly used by small and developing countries. Its main aim is to replace foreign products with domestic products. This helps such countries reduce their dependency on foreign countries through local production of industrialized goods.
Greenawalt and Sinkey in their research test the income-smoothing hypothesis among 106 large banks for a period of eight years (1976-1984). The study intends to find the effect of bank provision for loan losses as a fraction of a company’s income. Moreover, the study also intends to find other business conditions that affect a bank’s loan portfolio.
The conclusion from this study states that the rising cases of insecurity should be dealt with in an appropriate manner. In order to ensure this happens, the intelligence bodies and departments, in general, should be focused on developing a program that has the ability, to counter the intelligence failures that have been reported over the past decade.
This will result in a movement towards point P, due to the extra net expenditures (J-W). Consequently, producers will be invigorated to increase their output; thus, leading to higher national income levels (Carlin & Soskice, 2006). With the increase in income, the
As a result, there have been increased imports than exports that have led to deter rioting balance of trade resulting in current deficits.
Furthermore, interest rate is a factor of supply of demand. Increased credit leads to more money supply into the economy.
Conversely, a current account surplus.
3. A financial account is a constituent of the balance of payments of a country. The financial account represents loans and investments while the current account represents the trade balance which includes imports
If the scenario reduces consumption, government purchases, net exports and investments at given price level, it decreases the aggregate demand. The curve pf
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There has been a common boost in outsourcing of information processes within business cycles. The needs and expectations of customers in different markets are becoming more specific and highly demanding on businesses.
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According to Bogoslaw, the recent subprime mortgage crisis in 2008 has resulted in the global financial crisis which has blown apart the buoyancy of investors and there is an immediate need to enhance accuracy and intelligibility in the presentation of financial data to boost the confidence of investors around the world.
Largely, market prices of gasoline products change whenever crude oil prices change. Policy makers in the oil industry are aware of the influence of this relationship. This paper explores the relationship that exists between the crude oil and the gasoline
It is clear from the discussion that the subsistence economy based on farming creates food that is adequate for the people and therefore there is no waste of food. They provide the opportunity for exploitation by capitalists of resources since they have resources without technology to exploit them hence increase the GDP of a country.
London is the capital city of the U.K. and England. At the same time, it is arguably the largest city in the European Union (Brueckner, 1990). The history of London dates back to more than two centuries, the city currently being among the most developed in the world. The city has witnessed massive growth over the years
However, this method has an impact on the labor force. Secondly, maximization of profits and productivity by reducing the cost of labor and increasing the relative surplus-value is a method that impacts negatively on the labor force. Finally, an immense expansion of capitalism from the relative surplus-value also impacts labor. Thus, labor is at the center of capital accumulation.
(b) Economic development is hard to measure because it is made up of several factors that cannot be easily quantified or expressed in monetary terms. For example changes in social behavior cannot
Pease stated that the feminist IPE theory is one of the new approaches in international relations and its focus is to understand the effects of gender on international politics and the feminist understanding of the international processes. According to feminist theory, gender refers to the expectations and societal norms that are appropriate for behavior.
The idea in the video which struck me as the most interesting is the discussion of possible costs and benefits of a sports project, which influences the urban economy on the whole and makes its own contribution to the effectiveness of the urban economy. The main problem (as stated by Dr. Robert Baade) is that the costs of a certain project are usually underestimated, and the benefits are overestimated.
The Legislature may decide to delay or not to pass legislations that seek to fund these services and agencies. They do this when they think there are some necessary details about the program missing, when they see an economic crisis being created by the program, or when the whole operation seems not significant to the people of the United States.
This concept refers to a macro model whereby the long-run rate of output per work done is depicted by an extreme rate of technological advancement. The short run is a period where the quantity of at least one input is fixed and the quantities of the other inputs can be varied while the long run is a period of time in which the quantities of all inputs can be varied.
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As the text has it, in this research, cities in England shall be analyzed, and the models used to describe the structure (Capello, 2014). The city of choice shall be Manchester City, in regard to the monocentric model. In the case of polycentric, London and the neighboring cities shall be analyzed.
At the end of the Second World War, the allied nations wanted to create organizations that would eliminate the economic causes of war by establishing equal and fair global trade practices that were inherently non-partisan in nature.
However, with a limited budget of $20,000 it would not be possible to purchase all of the equipment that would be required for the startup of ROP. Being in the home solutions business ROP would require the following capital investment.
Since the inception of the realization that man has needs and wants which need to be fulfilled as per his capacity to do the same, economic problems arose in the world. The world has shifted into a very industrialized form over the years and this has paved the way for a complex situation which includes the concepts of demand and supply
BlackBerry is a Canadian brand. The mother company is known as Research in Motion. It is a series of smartphones and other smart mobile devices. BlackBerry has a global presence and it, in fact, boasts a market share of at least three percent among all other smartphones and devices.
the author, Mr Nick Timiraos, questions the forces bringing about the supply-demand imbalance and confusion. The author starts by exclaiming, “Is poor supply or low demand the biggest cause for concern in the contemporary housing market?”. In answering the question, he points out that a part of the problem is due to the lack of enough buyers for homes.
The United States is also capable of projecting power beyond its border. Its 12 aircraft careers enable it to deploy troops and military assets anywhere in the world when the need arises. In addition, it has military bases abroad as a manifestation of its extensive military presence overseas (Business Monitor International, 2009 pg 24).
It is important to state that economics will entail how society will allocate limited resources in order to satisfy the unlimited needs of people. The concept of scarcity is paramount in the study of economics, and it is based on the idea that available resources are not sufficient to satisfy the needs of people.
Middle East location stands in a path that offers global connectivity through transport. Most importantly, linking of a number of countries in the Middle East with terrorist activities has made the region significant to consider. Religious and political scrutiny of the region has attracted global attention.
The European Central Bank also chipped in solving this problem. It recently announced a plan to purchase government bonds if necessary in order to keep yields from spiraling to a level that countries cannot afford. The European troubled banks received loans at very low-interest rates from the European Central Bank in an operation known as the Long Term Refinancing Operation.
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China, being a socialist market economy is known to be having the second largest economy when measured in nominal GDP and purchasing power parity (Barth, Tatom & Yago, 2009; Siddique, 2007). Precisely, in the global market, the economy of the country is perceived as being the fastest growing economy in the world.
Real gross domestic product expresses a country’s value of goods and services using constant consumer and producer price indices in removing the effects of inflation. Real gross
Globalization is the process of globalizing, which involves global integration guided by multicultural interactions, trade, migration, and worldviews. Globalization is an interesting topic owing to its complex nature that determines economic and political emancipation and the effects it has had on the environment.
The United States is currently growing and developing on its own (1).
According to Eugenio Aleman, Wells Fargo economists, under the current situation, the United States will face
As a result, a state of fiscal stability can only be attained through minimizing the level of government expenditure and maximizing its efficiency of its revenue earning techniques. Through the attainment of positivity within the fiscal condition, the government of a nation will subsequently develop the capability of investing more towards new technological and infrastructural development that will bring in high level of financial and productive outcomes in favor of the nation
Firm A might realize that it is 70% faster in production but 10% faster in sales than their firm B counterparts.
Trade barrier is a form of protection by the government
Issues with things such as the real estate market and government intervention in companies such as Fannie Mae, as well as that which has gone wrong in both the private and public sector as the article suggests, could very well have played a part in the downward slide that the economy is currently experiencing.
Robinson (2008, p.49) asserts, “Globalization is characterized by related, contingent, and unequal transformations”. Corporations and multinational organizations play a crucial role in shaping the economy of the world. Mittelman (2000, p.4) states, “Globalization is not a single, unified phenomenon, but a syndrome of processes and activities”.
The strategy can be used as a viable tool with regards to changing the behavior of the youths especially with regards to binge drinking. In the study above, the data collected shows that social marketing plays a pivotal role in raising awareness of the benefits rather than not abusing alcohol than deal with the dangers of alcohol abuse. This strategy is meant to appeal to the target group in a positive way rather than instilling fear among them.
My proposed research question is, “What age group frequents computer/internet cafes the most?” It has been common knowledge that internet cafes are frequented by a big number of people ranging from the very young to the more mature clients. I would like to find out which among these groups of people go to internet cafes most of the time to avail of their services.
is the undisputed leader in technological advancements including medicine, computers, automobiles, aerospace and arsenal. The country is the strongest voice in international organizations like the UN and NATO. The world is always keen on listening to US’s stance and
Plans to rebuild the World Trade Center will have positive consequences for all parties mentioned above as it will provide employment to the people (Craig & Samson, 1). Small business owners will like the plans for rebuilding World Trade Center because this will increase the overall business activity in the city, and will in turn benefit them.
Speculation can be described as a means by which an individual makes decisions without having concrete evidence. An example of speculation is that an individual buying the shares or shares of a company believes that he is making an investment. He might make a profit or a loss from the shares he buys from the company.
The great depression is remembered as an economic downturn, which occurred globally from October 1929 and was witnessed through the 1930s. The depression started in the United States of America and within a short time spread to Europe and other countries worldwide. Almost all countries worldwide are affected by industrialization, countries relying on raw materials devastated by its effects for they could no longer get the necessary supply.