Macro & Microeconomics Essays

K is a constant; it shows the amount of money that individuals are willing to hold for every dollar of income. It is inversely( k= 1/v) related to the velocity of money since holding money reduces the amount available for transaction and hence available amount exchanges

Economists and environmentalists come to an agreement that greater economic activities usually lead to increased industrial pollution both in developed and developing countries. Even though it is almost impossible to achieve nil pollution, the situation can be controlled through proper regulation of production activities.

Also, free entry and exits ensure that the equilibrium output is such that the surviving company ensures normal profits, in this case zero economic profits (Caimcross 66). Q2. b) Minimized losses in the short-run are achieved by operating at a loss, in

The rapid growth of Europe in the period after the sixteenth century can be attributed largely to the growth of Western European countries that had direct access to the Atlantic Ocean and their direct participation in the slave trade. The trade and the colonialism associated with it had both direct and indirect effects on Europe in terms of economic, political, and institutional transformation.

(I suggest R only for those students who have some programming experience). SAS, SPSS, and Matlab are all available in all UA OSCR labs as well. You must turn in a log of your work in the program of your choice. Do not use Excel – take this opportunity to learn the

An exercise tax shifts the producers demand curve down with a similar quantity as that of the tax. An increase in quantity demanded leads to a surplus in the quantity of the supply available in the market as the available buyers have a low capability of exhausting the number of cigarettes available in the market.

Secondly, the article attempts to investigate if volatilities in macroeconomic fundamentals are able to explain the extent of predictability or non-predictability of the behavior of global daily spot gold price return

In 1969, Kotler and Levy published “Broadening the Concept of Marketing,” in which they agitated for the reconceptualisation of the marketing construct through the embrace of its inherently social dimension. Within the context of the stated, Kotler and Levy explore the social nature of marketing and especially as it pertains to non business, or not for profit, organisations.

The political campaign of the then-presidential aspirant Barack Obama was, for instance, seriously threatened when he was linked to Franklin Raines, the former Fannie Mae CEO, who was reportedly compensated $90 million from 1998 to 2003. Understandably, this is an important issue in America amidst the ongoing financial recession wherein thousands are losing their jobs.

This universal phenomenon leads to the definition of economics as the science of allocation of scarce resources." To understand more clearly, lets

Such a trend is found in the income tax system where people pay taxes according to their income. The government has also lowered the starting rates of income taxes so that people can have more of their income for their own consumption (Riley, 2006). Overall this beneficial tax system can help to reduce poverty by increasing individual consumption.

The concept of social capital recognizes some aspects of social structures by their functions. Social capital in a social context can be defined as the attribute of an individual. The quality of life is affected by happiness, optimal health and economic sufficiency. The outcomes in the areas of social policy including health, education. 

In most countries, the level of income per household or their level of consumption of the most marginalized members of society will be an important factor in determining the level of poverty. The information on the level of poverty can be determined through the presence of data on access to some basic human needs.

Bhagwati contends that multilateral free trade usually aids in maintaining globalization due to the flourishing trade liberalization that exists among diverse states, hence boosting their economies. Mainly, this is evident both in the developing and in third world states, which have adopted the free trade despite their economies experiencing some diverse challenges.

A negative externality occurs when the party making the decision will not have to fully account for the decision outcome. In case of the negative externality, the society suffers the cost which is usually higher than the cost paid by the consumer for example air pollution while external benefit is the benefit that is excluded in the market price since the demand price does not include it.

6). Individuals in pursuit of own self-interests generates unintended demand that compel another bunch of individuals to react (supply the needs of the other side) with the expectation of being able to receive a

Introduction of the income splitting with joint returns in 1948 meant that the overall difference between the tax on the lump sum payment in five-year distribution with income splitting amounts to over fifty percent of the money to be paid with the lump-sum tax of more than two percent the amount of the smaller tax bill.

EA is experiencing a sudden demand drop in older games with the introduction of the new gaming consoles, Xbox One and PlayStation 4. The law of supply and demand states that when demand drops, but supply remains the same, there is a lower equilibrium price. This is why EA would introduce various price promotions on its games.

In 2008, the US economy faced its worst slowdown ever, after the Great Depression. The recession revealed the inherent weaknesses of the US economy to the rest of the world. It also suppressed the morale and confidence of the consumers within the country, thus adding to the difficulties of coping with the financial crisis.

It remains a basis of contention for companies in the modern world on whether sustainable business and corporate social responsibility are a distraction to the sole purpose of which is to act in the best interest of the shareholders. In other words, when companies act responsibly, they risk foregoing revenue and minimizing profits at the expense of a positive reputation in society.

In this case, there are many rules and regulations that need to be satisfied in order to engage temporary skilled labor. Each party to the employment relationship; in this case, employer, immigrant, government, and unions have a role to play. The state sets the laws that govern the engagement of such workers.

From the 1970s, Hayeks theory of the government only participating in a limited way in the economy continues to gain popularity. The Hayeks ideas influence ensures support for the ideas while there is a continued feeling of impact today. However, it is critical to

The data involved comprises four types of costs in respect of four case studies for data acquired from 28 European countries. EU seeks to establish a “European area of Justice” to facilitate the access of individuals as well as businesses to justice by reducing hindrances that discourage or prevent them from using their privileges.

Microeconomic issues in the simplest and most basic sense refer to the study and observation of single or individual business decisions and practices. It could also refer to the aspect and circumstance where the forces of the market such as supply and demand meet and interact so as to form equilibrium conditions.

Some of the effects of unemployment feature in the song include increased crime rate, “Bad times are comin and I gather what I dont plant”, high dependency ratio, “help me

It is difficult to make prediction in the future, especially, if it involves innovation and technological research. Population aging and government debt are two significant

p). It would be essential to diversify business in order to concentrate on new ventures. The authors did an insightful piece that highlights the readers about the diamond

It is the commonly used term in the media for banks that have grown too big for the government to allow them to fail because too many people will be affected adversely. I’ll just remove the quotation marks. These very large banks were considered “too-large-to-fail” because of the substantial public interest involved in their continued operation.

One of the key aspects of oligopoly market share is based upon the assumption that the market power of the four large firms can be obtained by using concentration ratio. Concentration ratio indicates the market power of the four largest firms in the industry and the higher this ratio is, the more power lies with few players in the market. 

The basic principle of the Multiplier- Accelerator Model outlines that there will be an increase in the output level if investment increases and there will be additional investment when output increases. This increase in output will be due to multiplier effect on exogenous

This report seeks to investigate the relationship between interest rates and stock prices in different countries. The report will apply statistical tools to establish relationships for investment decision-making. The report is based on secondary data collected from different countries for the years 2005 and 2006.  

On the other hand, microeconomic is an economic analysis branch studying economic behavior of an individual unit. Various units in the economy are studied, and their functioning to reach equilibrium determined. Microeconomics deals with the

The author of the paper argues in a well-organized manner that as Thailand flourished at the peak of its blooming economy, it was brought down from heights, hardly struck by the economic crisis around the globe. As a result, numerous studies were conducted to establish a suitable market for foreign brands elsewhere (Wasserman, 2012, pp.91-2).

Supply and demand can be considered the backbone of the economy of the market. The amount which the market has to offer is called the supply. It means how much the suppliers can supply when the buyers pay a certain price. A supply relationship is the relation between the number of goods provided and the price at which it is provided. 

The company is the largest logistic operator in the Brazilian market, and it is also considered the largest company responsible for the production of iron ore pellets. The logistics segment of the company consists of a transportation system that includes ports, ships, and railroads that cater to third-party cargos.

Price discrimination is possible if an organization has monopoly power or it has the discretion to set prices of goods and services. Secondly, the organization with monopoly power should be able to divide the overall market into different segments, and thirdly, the demand for the good or service should be elastic amongst different consumers of that particular good or service.

GDP as a measure of economic activity has come under sharp criticism for not putting into consideration other various significant aspects of the economy. A lot of extensive literature, both empirical and theoretical has been prepared by various notable scholars in which corrections to the GDP model of measuring economic growth have been made.

Consumers must have sufficient purchasing power to no effect on the use of scarce resources. Understanding ceteris paribus is the key to understanding much of microeconomics. Many

Given their proven methods of doing business, there is no need for sleepless work on research in this business since everything had already been taken cared of by this

This fulfills the law of supply which states that “when the price of a product rises and other things remain constant, the quantity of the product supplied will rise as well (McEahern, 2008, p.78). b) Slope of the demand function is -2 indicating that for every increase in the price for the good, demand decreases by twice the quantity previously demanded.

The article begins with a reflection of how former President Richard Nixon. Citing the despair epoch belief that a government-controlled economy, achieves better results than one, which is a free market. He famously declared that all Americans are Keynesians. The article further explains that after 40 years, the former president’s remarks are still significant.

The paper aims to give salient and very sound examples of pure competition and monopolistic competition from this novel. This is also known as perfect competition. It is a situation where there are many consumers and producers in the market for a

I am seeking to pursue a successful career that leads to the achievement of perfection, personal growth as well as organizational growth. I would like to work in a position where I can relate my acquired skills to the benefit of the organization with a conducive environment to learn and develop my career.

According to the findings, it can, therefore, be said that Japan has been keen to observe international treaties and trade agreements (Global edge, 2014). It has also introduced several measures to liberalize its trade and investment industries, especially in the financial and telecommunication markets (Daniels et al., 2013).

According to The Economist (2001), in order to ensure that the gift bought is successful, the buyer has to ensure that they are well aware of the receiver’s preferences. The article argues that, at the simplest level, offering gifts involves the provider considering something, which the receiver would love—he/she tries to presume her preferences—and then purchasing the gift and giving it. But normally the guessing is done badly.

Wheelan describes the various economic concepts and how they relate to everyday life and the human behavior. In the book, wheelan begins by explaining how markets use price to allocate scarce resources and the

The proponents of the government’s involvement in the private sector believe that a more regimented and disciplined body can make the private sector work more efficiently and effectively. The government is the lender of the last resort and the supreme guarantee in the country so it can better manage the corporation as compared to the corporate heads of private organizations.

On August 12, 1992, the United States, Mexico, and Canada announced to form a free trade zone which was named as the North American Free Trade Agreement. It extends from Arctic Circle towards the borders of Mexico with Guatemala and Belize. NAFTA is known as the largest trilateral relationship of trade throughout the world.

I fully support free trade. They have not looked at the comparative advantages of free trade in the country. I also support NAFTA. Since the agreement by the United States, Mexico, and Canada, there has been tremendous growth in industries as well as international trade that many feared will eventually die.

More essentially, Marx pointed out that the capitalistic system creates a society that is divided between the privileged production class and suppressed labor class. Most individuals thought that, after the 1930’s, income inequality had since reduced. However, both social