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The Council of Europe (COE) is an organization that was formed by the Treaty of London in 1949. It is based on principles of human rights, pluralist democracy, and the rule of law. It has 47 countries as signatories. For a state to join the COE, it must show its respect and determination to adopt the principles under which the organization is formed.
The requirement of independent legal advice should not be an obstacle to banks taking vulnerable securities. It appears to be an onerous duty given that vulnerable sureties have an inherent right to claim undue influence and any number of special circumstances that would classify them as vulnerable and therefore entitle them to special protection.
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In 1986 three countries imposed a ban on the import of hazardous waste. In August 1986, a cargo ship from Philadelphia, USA took 14,000 tons of toxic waste material and started dumping it on the seas after some initial dumping in Haiti across five continents for 27 months with the change of names several times.
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A Castle Doctrine is a doctrine that gives the power to a person who holds property or has legally occupied a property, to use deadly force against a person who intrudes without permission. A person has the right to a certain extent of immunity and protection that he has for the property and thus in certain circumstances the person can also use deadly force for defending against intruders.
The paper "Juvenile Justice System" is an excellent example of a law research paper. In definition, juvenile delinquency has been known to refer to the increasing number of children who have been going on the contrary and act in a manner which is seriously not in accordance with the law.
As it appears, all other employees apart from Mark agreed to work overtime. In his submission, Mark indicated that he was not under any contractual obligation to work overtime. This infuriated Rebecca who decided to take the matter to the manager. However, it is also indicated that there was always bad blood between the two employees, and this seemed to be an opportunity to settle the scores.
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Despite the fact that Children have their own rights under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, the overall voice of children is relatively not heard due to different factors. Though the EU has introduced certain regulations, however, there is still a lot to be done in this regard. (Rindfuss, David, Morgan, & Kravdal, 2010)
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Homicides are generally criminal offenses committed by any person against the state and punishable according to the law (Card, 1998, P.1). They are either lawful or unlawful such as murder, manslaughter, defilement, rape, and robbery among others (Card, 1998, P.167). However, in this paper, the researcher is interested in “Homicide crime scene investigation.”
Criminals not receiving proper psychological treatment during imprisonment show a higher degree of recidivism as compared to those who are part of rehabilitation programs. In the United Kingdom, the rate of recidivism is fairly higher as compared to many other parts of the world. Only in one year from April 2010 to March 2011, nearly 640,000 offenders were warned.
Section 214 of the Insolvency Act 1986 seeks to regulate the trading behaviour of directors when companies are experiencing financial difficulties. Under Section 214, directors can incur personal liability for the company’s debt should they trade in circumstances where they knew or ought to have known that the company was heading for insolvency.
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An important change in policies in relation to crime prevention and reduction has been the increase in approaches to community safety. The Crime and Disorder Act of 1998 in England and Wales obliged every local official to build Crime and Disorder Partnerships, who should perform inspections of crime and disorder.
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Out of various strategies for controlling drug sale on the streets, action by the police should be well planned. Harocopos and Hough (2005) have devised multi-layered steps for effective police action. Drug policing approach should be transparent for stakeholders to view clearly. Law enforcement should be robust in intensity.
Generally, the acts are viewed as civil crimes and are punished through monetary punishment. Both defamation and invasion of privacy have long histories of being crimes and civil offenses. Defamation can be committed through oral means and is known as slander or through written means and is known as libel.
Standing law is in other words; a set of rules aiming to determine if the person who starts a case for a legal proceeding is, in fact, the one supposed to do so. The public interests involve the enforcement of pubic rights which arises out of the legislation of policies requiring the public bodies to administer and conduct all the activities relating to the safety of the public.
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According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that the core intention of this framework is establishing appropriate places of staging a particular type of business. The legal framework has played a very significant role in ensuring that the international world has the trust and will of setting up business in Dubai.
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The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is an agency under the United States Department of Homeland Security. This agency was created by Presidential Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1978. FEMA’s primary role is to coordinate response to any national disaster that has occurred within the United States (Bea 67).
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The study explores the key aspects that ultimately led to the court’s decision as well as seeking to understand some of the reasons for why the practice took so painfully long to rectify after the conclusion of a Civil War which was fought on precisely the equality of people’s under the law and the right of self-determination; something that segregation necessarily and holistically implies.
It is quite essential to state that for one to understand the various responsibilities and rights of a shipper, the consignee termed as the cargo owner and the seller must understand the title of goods passed under the sale contract, especially when there is the existence of giving the risk of goods.
The city of Evansville, IN and their county has gone through the process of trying to consolidate operations. However, the recently ratified property tax caps have vested more urgency on local government to restructure. Members of the community have decided to embark on a reorganization effort rather than wait for a fiscal crisis.
The authors specialize in counseling and personnel services and their primary focus is on the emotional and psychological wellbeing of crime victims. They are active members of victim support groups and are currently planning to build their own victim-witness assistance program. The article focuses on the comparison of formation and performance of a victim-assistance program in the UK and U.S.
This will include an effective understanding of the research scope a case in which the researcher identifies the research target and maps out n effective way of reaching them. Every nation has police officers and they have their perceptions towards punishment, the research title thus far opens the scope to nearly the entire globe and the title.
The second Amendment of the constitution of the US states that all US citizens have a right to own and carry arms and ammunition and this right cannot be infringed upon (Uviller 21). There are different perceptions about this amendment of those who are against it and even those who are in the favor of American citizens owning and carrying arms.
Justice Anthony Kennedy is a moderately conservative justice who was born on July 23, 1936. His career in the legal profession started in 1961 when he was the associate counsel in California. He became the Associate Justice of the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals. He was appointed by President Ronald Reagan upon the retirement of Associate Justice Lewis Powell in June 1987 (Supreme Court of the United States para 3).
Hate crimes motivated by individual hatred toward another individual’s characteristics that make them unique and diverse are unjustified in a pluralistic society. Hate crime has several definitions but basically stands for any criminal offense which is motivated by prejudice, hostility, or bias and inflicts either emotional or physical pain on the victim.
According to the report, gun ownership is counterproductive to personal protection and is, “…independently associated with an increased risk of homicide.” The author indicates that in order to eliminate bias and increase sampling statistical veracity they have used previous studies to validate their selection process.
Section 5 of the Work Time Regulation Act sets out an exception as to the maximum working time. Where 5(1) stipulates that the time limit specified by the employee can be scrapped off as long as the worker has agreed with the employer to do so in writing. This is agreed upon if the employer complies with the requirements of sec 4.
There has been an increase in the crime rate and in the fight for the right of owning arms for protection; the gun control policy was introduced. The aim was to reduce the rate of crime in the country but rather it gave rise to a never-ending debate. One side of the debate believes that gun control policies violate the right of citizens to bear arms as the second amendment states.
Children's rights are high ranking on the world agenda with an entire UN agency, UNICEF, created to safeguard the rights of children. This was informed by the fact that children are a vulnerable demographic and require special protection and attention. The fact that the Convention on Children's Rights has the highest number of ratifications.
The British Constitution is not a single written document. It is a combination of legal and non-legal rules and practices. These practices act as the framework on which the government is based and regulate the behaviour of political parties. From this perspective, it can be claimed that every country has a constitution.
The perception of merger control is fundamentally described as the process of periodically reviewing mergers and acquisitions (M&As) under the incorporation of any antitrust or competition law. It has been apparently observed that the significant concern of merger control has become an imperative aspect, especially in the field of public intervention in a particular economy.
Trademarks are the identifying feature of any company. The trademarks help us identify companies and the products that they deal in so that they can be able to carve a niche for themselves in the market. Their protection had therefore over time been very paramount. This aggressive protection has especially become even more important lately.
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The author states that different countries have laws that mainly derive from their constitutions and these laws are meant to protect the interests and rights of the citizens. Since everyone is entitled to live, it can be argued that capital punishment such as the death penalty should be abolished since it violates the rights of other people.
Suicide is the act of a person killing himself after having time, support, facilities, drugs, or help from another person. The issue of suicide raises debate on different levels, which varies from ethical, religious, moral, spiritual, professional, political, and legal that has a strong impact on the nursing workforce.
Private organizations even want to ensure that they are located in areas where crime rates are quite low. This is because these organizations want to save themselves from being victims of criminal activities such as theft. They even want to make sure that the areas they are locating in are quite safe so the customers do not feel insecure.
The growing gap between the poor and the rich in recent decades has led to many young children dropping out of school for them to work. According to the international labor organization, it is estimated that more than two hundred and fifty million children between the ages of five and seventeen are working under poor conditions.
The author states that federal campaign finance law has jurisdiction over three broad areas, “public disclosure of funds raised and spent to influence federal elections, restrictions on contributions and expenditures made to influence federal elections, and the public financing of Presidential campaigns”.
Similarly, gun control policies are more informed by the need to reduce the highest crime rates that are often associated with illegal gun ownership. The ongoing debate concerning gun control in the US currently makes a quick drift as to whether guns make people safer and on the opposite, thus the debate posits on making restrictions when it comes to citizens' rights to own guns.
Establishment of the Department of Homeland Security was a major milestone in achieving this end. From the speech titled “The Secretary of Homeland Security Janet Napolitano’s 2nd Annual Address on the State of America’s Homeland Security: Homeland Security and Economic Security”, this paper will focus on a particular topic to address.
United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea is a title for the UN Convention, the Rotterdam Rules, signed in 2009 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, by various countries; its main aim was to reform and harmonizes the law that governs carriage of goods by sea according to the Shipping law 2009.
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With the aging of the entire population, Rothman and Rothman (2003) observe that the number of patients with deadly kidney disease has increased. With patients failing to respond positively to dialysis, kidney transplantation provides the alternative solution. Giving a background on kidney disease, this paper focuses on kidney transplanting.
The law of maritime claims has been promoted along different routes in civil law administration. Vessels are recognized as objects of security rights in all nations. Despite this and the fact that maritime claims are of profound commercial significance, there is a high degree of international uncertainty in the subject of maritime claims and mortgages.
Therefore, Kant would not agree with the idea that the combatants are being locked up, whether or not they are guilty, because it keeps society safe. And, because the combatants are not given the right to see the evidence against them or a right to any kind of a fair trial, there surely are people who are locked up who are innocent
Many countries in Europe, as well as, Canada have similar concerns. France, in particular, is presently reforming and altering how they handle immigration concerns; their reasoning, however, is rather different for several reasons.
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The intent of this discussion is to delineate the history of crime measurement, the present and what the future holds with regard to crime measurement. Crime has permeated society since time immemorial. It is essential that law enforcers obtain a reliable way to determine crime. Over the years, crime assessment relied upon the dossier method.
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The World Trade Organization (WTO), headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, officially came into being on the 1st of January, 1995 (WTO 12). It replaced the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) with the intention of liberating and supervising international trade. The WTO lays down a structure of bargaining for agreements and makes them official.
America's prison reform systems are widely acknowledged to have many flaws. But little is done to improve the system from the public side, as well as the Federal government. Every one of us knows the US has the most secure prisons in the world. The prison security and setup of the nation's highly guarded rehabilitation centers are studied by nations all over the world to build effective centers to contain criminals.
Different standards programs; standard, moderate or intensive probation are meant to reflect different levels of contact between probation officers and the probationers. The level of contact between a probation officer and a client may range from regular to infrequent (Alschuler, 2005). Large caseloads result in reduced contact between the probationer and the probation officer.
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However, this aspect of sales of tax-free goods is not available in many states or countries. It has been observed that in many states of the United States of America (US), the consumers making online purchases are required to pay the requisite sales tax amount in their respective state tax agencies.
The impact and importance of effective leadership on employee development, morale, and motivation will be a focus of this paper. In doing so, this paper will compare and contrast the theories of supervision by assessing the practical, ethical, and social impacts of those theories on employee development, morale, and motivation.
One of the most widespread personality disorders among prisoners is borderline personality disorder (BPS). Borderline personality disorder, as defined by DSM-IV, is characterized by “patterns of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image and affects, and marked impulsivity that begins in early adulthood” (Dobbert, 2007, 65).