Law Essays

Last summer, Vito's daughter, Connie, turned 18. Vito gave her a card, inside of which he had written, 'To my darling daughter Connie, "Happy Eighteenth Birthday! On this special day, I give to you 5,000 shares in my oldest company, Lucrative plc."Vito never actually got round to executing a share transfer in favour of Connie, however, until his death, he occasionally emailed statistics to her in order to keep her informed as to the performance of the shares on the stock market.

In credits from banks, bank will pay the sum to merchant, which the purchaser need to ay in installments to the bank and in the case of a credit agreement with the merchant, the shop lets a person take home goods after paying a small amount of money which is often called a security deposit or down payment.

In advising the Construction Building Surveyor to agree with the mediation proceedings, the essay will point out the relevant circumstances which lead to the aforementioned advice. In every cultured and enlightened society, there are set of laws, rules and regulations which govern every aspect of human and juridical relationship with one another.

The bodies and organizations involved in this unfair treatment of the former president span the spectrum, including businessmen, the church, and the military. In fact, the withdrawal of military support at such a crucial time in the trial and in the country's history, as well as the other circumstances involved, gives strong evidence in favor of an organized coup d' tat.

The process of public sector reform can be broadly categorized into two phases. The first phase took off under the Conservative regime of Ms. Thatcher in the early 1980's upto 1997. Cowper (2001) states that during this phase the reforms were meant to introduce 'competitive and contractual challenges into public service.' During this period managerial responsibility was delegated and there were cuts on fragmentation of services.

The division between prison and probation services and the lack of effective and efficient communication and cooperation between them, culminated in offender mismanagement, as opposed to effective management, whereby, upon their re-entry into society, a significant percentage of offender reverted to crime.

In this paper, the rights and powers of Australian Taxation Office has been compared with that of two countries, i-e; United States and Germany the similarities and differences between them has been analysed. The main function of Australian Tax Office (ATO) is to administer legislation imposing taxes and excise (other than customs duty).

Doyle advised, "Linda Doyle was quoted in the November issue of CFO magazine advising CFOs not to treat noncompete agreements lightly because all too often they are not appreciated in terms of enforceability." This brings us to your matter and the question of enforceability of your verbal agreement.

Phrases such as "the police family", "the police brotherhood", and "the blue code of silence" reflect the tribal system. Briefly, there are three universal characteristics of tribal values. First, tribal values focus on an identifiable group. Membership in the group provides emotional support and security.

The author states that while Darby has already admitted to the breach, his claim that damages are adequate is anything but adequate. Specific performance is absolutely necessary. It is crucial to understand that in cases involving unique or special property, no monetary value can be accurately assigned.

Segregation was thought to be wrong because it subjugated individuals and groups to secondary citizenship status because of unfair judgments made about persons based upon their race, color, religion, sex or national origin.  Segregation was also considered wrong because it was contrary to the basic philosophical precepts for which the United States as a society was supposed to stand for such as justice, liberty and equal opportunity.

Professor Williams Glanville Williams has influenced the House of Lords with his works. He argued that those who lack the requisite mens rea but cause actual 'social damage' should not be punished. 1) The fact of R. v Shivpuri 1 was that customs officials arrested the appellant in possession of a suitcase.

This last is to preclude unfortunate miscarriage of justice. It is found that the warrant has to be irrefutable so that the subsequent claim made on the basis of the data can stand the test of an adversarial judicial system where defendant parties are eager to disprove the prosecuting side.

McCloskeys’ thesis is that the decisions of the United States Supreme Court lean congruently with popular American opinion. Some historians have put forth the administrative argument that Chief Justice John Marshall was the first Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court, albeit belies the historical facts.

Any fully self governing- nation can be admitted as a new member when their application is approved by two thirds or more of the present assembly members. Members should give assurance that it will observe it international obligations and rules prescribed by the League in regards to its military, naval and air force armaments.

The author claims that the principle of ‘enlightened shareholder value’ exemplifies the focus for intensified corporate social responsibility, and empowers shareholders to pursue directors for negligence, defaults, and breaches of duty or trust. Generally, the responsibilities and liabilities of directors derive from various sources.

Bowden's statement in the book 'Killing Pablo' that "Its government is weak, by design and tradition. In vast regions to the south and west, and even in the mountain villages outside the major cities, live communities only lightly touched by nation, government, or law" lays open the structural deficiencies of Colombian criminal justice system.

Introduction The case concerned the theoretical question of whether evidence obtained under torture could ever be admissible in a court of law. The Home Secretary had powers under Part 4 of the Anti – Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 (ATCSA) to indefinitely detain without trial foreign individuals suspected of international terrorism.

At the beginning of the XXI century, the policy of affirmative action is still of vital importance. Politics and human rights policy have changed significantly throughout the twentieth century, notably in relation to attitudes about race, gender, and sexuality.

Duty οf care means a duty to take reasonable care or exercise reasonable skill. Basically, the court observes recognized duties οf care between professionals and clients, manufacture to the consumer, schools to students, employers to employees. Duty οf care is the legal requirement that the defendant must stick to a standard οf conduct.

Of course, America probably has to break a few more social barriers before a black president could be elected. To be frank, a lot of people are not ready to have a black man or woman as President. On the other hand, there are a lot of progressive people, black and white, concerned that democratic principles should be implemented in the real life indeed.

Victoria was sent by her parents from Africa to live with her aunt, Marie-Therese Kouao. She died in London from physical and sexual abuse inflicted by Carl Manning and the girl's aunt which had occurred from 1998 till her death in 2000. The two were ultimately sentenced to life imprisonment, but the repercussions extended to both social and police agencies which had not always responded adequately, for instance not responding to one particular complaint because the child had scabies.

Before Doha declaration,the South African Government was acting under the general principle of law recognized by civilized states which a recognized source of international law. Referring to general principles of recognized by civilized states as a source of international law,it protects South African government in its bid to establish its own health care policy.

Regardless of his own personal interests and preferences the trustee has a fiduciary duty to act always in the best interest of the trust. A trustee is normally expected to hold and administer the trust property for the benefit of the trust beneficiaries in accordance with the purposes set down in the trust deed and according to general trust law.

However, lawmakers persistently attempt to close the net over all potential criminals by forming new Acts. This paper elaborates the loopholes in the current Fraud Act 2006. Theft Act 1968 The basic definition of theft as per the Theft Act 1968 is that theft is caused when a person without any authority takes away another person’s property without the intention of every returning the same thereby depriving the other person of it.

In simple terms "An agreement enforceable by law is a contract" and "Every promise and every set of promises forming the consideration for each other is an agreement" In an agreement there is promise from both the sides and if we talk about 'Promise', it can be defined as "When the person to whom the proposal is made signifies his assent thereto, the proposal is said to be accepted.

I feel that this is an urgent academic matter because law suffers in these fields for lack of Acts and legislation and what exists today is in form of precedents is too weak and unspecific to meet the demands of modern times1. There is a wide gap in this area and research here is timely.

As the paper declares while old, the International Court of Justice was not the first world court.  The first World Court, also called the Permanent Court of International Justice, was created by the League of Nations back in 1922.  This court was in existence from 1922 until 1940, although it did not hear many cases.  

The findings are that the grievance process must be updated to incorporate an organisational commitment to goals, resolution, and diversity with the ultimate strategy facilitates better communication and commitment to our employees. Peter Drucker (1974) shows that management responsibilities lend to the definition of purpose, the insurance of productive and satisfactory work, and the responsible impact of the organisation.

My expectations are that by becoming and practicing as a barrister will provide me with a chance to apply my creative, critical and logical thinking. I certainly feel that by training in legal profession, this open innumerable opportunities that will help me gain economic security both for my family and for myself, and to serve the community at large.

Jim was told that Martin’s guitar he had been playing had been stolen from Stan. He was even shown a photo of Stan playing Martin’s guitar.  This issue concerns the law of property.  Property means anything, which is capable of being owned, either it exists in tangible or intangible form.  There is a difference between ownership and possession.

'(Rahee,(1866)Unrep Cr C6)' The fact that the death of a human being is caused is not enough. Actus reus and Mens Rea both should be proved by the prosecution. "The general basis for imposing liability in criminal law is that the defendant must be proved to have committed a guilty act whilst having had a guilty state of mind.

Joshua as a citizen of a commonwealth country must meet with the guidelines that govern those nationals outside of the EEA, but it is easier for a commonwealth citizen to claim entry over those that are not. The first avenue for Joshua to take is to apply for a work visa, which can be afforded anywhere from 1 to 5 years.

In considering the fact that Primetrade initially bought goods from the Orinoco and sold to Orient Prosperity with the final stop of Jingtang China and that two sets of bills were issued, the shipowner's bills had to be considered according to the Carriage of Goods by Sea Act 1992 and Arbitration Act of 1996.  

The state has a common parliament (the House of Commons and House of Lords), a common executive, and a common Supreme Court (theHouse of Lords), all based in London. But in recent years there has been administrative and legislative devolution both to Scotland and to Northern Ireland.

This was attainable by casual dealings, with broadminded practical regulations. The Lex Mercatoria gave balanced judgement on the arguments in between the merchants, due to various reasons like for instance reasonable prices, good quality trade, and even-handedness.

Jeffrey is an active member of the town's Gay Community Association, which holds its monthly committee meetings at his flat. He explained this to Sergeant Williams and promised a list of names when he had checked with his fellow committee members that they were happy for him to pass their names onto the police.

Negligence as a mode of committing certain torts, e.g., negligently or carelessly committing a trespass, nuisance or defamation. In this context, it denotes the mental element, and Negligence is also considered as a separate tort. It means conduct which creates a risk of causing damage, rather than a state of mind. 

The role of state in the European telecommunications sector has traditionally been immense because of the importance of telecommunications for internal and external security. The provision of facilities that ensure communication over long distances was reasonably perceived as unalienable function of the state: some authors used to address this function as a key element in the 'logistics of power' of the state (Mann 1986).

I arrived at the station at 1730 Friday night (date) so I could observe a full twelve hour shift. I was assigned to ride along with two veteran patrol officers, Schmidt and Grebel. Schimdt had been an officer for twenty seven years and Grebel had been on the force for ten years.

The author states that in 1934 Lord Wright said in Lochgelly Iron and Coal Co v McMullan that in strict legal analysis, negligence means more than heedless or careless conduct, whether in omission or commission: it properly connotes the complex concept of duty, breach, and damage thereby suffered by the person to whom the duty was owing.

This report analyses two incidents that occurred to the same individual in the person's stay at a hotel in the United Kingdom which represent two potential cases whose potential outcome will be dissected in this piece of literature. The first event that occurred to Peter in his stay at the McGregor's hotel involved the loss of property while at the premises of the business owner that rented a room to the plaintiff.

This much discussing civil wrong in the Tort Law always happens in the various vicinity of the property transactions. The nuisance caused to the adjoining occupier normally occurs everywhere. But there are number of rules and regulations to protect the occupier from the annoyance of the neighbor.

The American Federal Constitution, in its First Amendment, lays down the decree that the State shall not provide support or tax alleviation for the promotion of any religious activity, to encourage a particular religion or faith. It states, “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.”

The aim of anti-discrimination laws is to banish discrimination in public places. Lawsuits involving a member suing a private golf club for its discriminatory policies often revolve around the issue whether the club is truly "private,". Accordingly, a country club that is truly private is not subject to its state's anti-discrimination laws.

1Through the network of Friends of The Earth (2004), and other sources, this study will theorize on how this new plan is providing positive reinforcements as well as how it will need to avoid any negative implications. Though this new legislative community growth plan can be boggling to some, The Friends of The Earth Network (2004) makes it more comprehensive for those who are totally unfamiliar with any of its workings.

Since America's prison population is so racially and ethnically diverse, naturally these inmates form their own groups or gangs and develop rules and codes within those respective groups. I'm not quite astonished about prison officials tolerating those groups because they think that establishing them would give the inmates a sense of "community" or "brotherhood" and therefore would bring them some sort of order, but I'm sure those officials themselves do not know or are just oblivious to the fact that such racial groups would do more harm to the inmates than good.

Mocking words are but manifestations of ideas – ill-formed ideas, yes, but ideas nonetheless – that are best refuted by better ideas in a free market of thought and discourse. Censorship, on the other hand, especially if state-sponsored, is a more chilling malady that does not bode well for robust democratic institutions.  

Thus the British constitution can be contrasted with other constitutions like the Constitution of the United States of America. (Barendt, 1997) Brazier (2001) has for instance stated that: "A British citizen has to seek the rules of the constitution in a daunting number of places - legislation, judicial decisions, statements about constitutional conventions, the law and practice of Parliament, European Community law, and so on." (p.3)

Punishment is something that is directly or indirectly meted out on an individual and within the context of that very punishment; there are issues which look at the moral and ethical side of things. Punishment is something that needs to be understood in the light of the crime that has been done and not merely for the sake of ill treatment and harsh actions which are put on the offender.