Improvement and Development of Better Communication Skills - Speech or Presentation Example

Name: Course: Institution: Date Reflective Journal 1.2.1 Room Mode of dressing Distance There are environmental cues which in communication. The size and location of the room will determine the mode of communication used in terms of volume, and positioning. Formal or informal dressing will determine whether the conversation is open or professional and formal. Social distance is crucial in determining whether the mode of communication adopted will be intimate or professional. 1.2.2 In communication, context entails the scene, the setting, and the expectations of those involved. The language and cultural orientation of the people involved will determine the level of professionalism or behavior adopted by the participants. Communication does not occur in isolation since the communicator, the listeners emanate from divergent cultural orientations, and it is important for the communicator to understand the language and culture to ensure effective communication. 1.3.1 When I presented a speech on the effects of global warming to my classmates, I was anxious and highly concerned about the expectations of the audience and my ability to meet these expectations. From the speech, I learnt that when preparing a speech it is always important to understand the type of audience. This will help in the determination of the content of speech and the mode of preparation. During the speech, the audience is always waiting to listen and as the presentation happens, they begin judging the speaker and the speech. 1.3.2 What is in it for me strategy would be the best attention statement that I would use on my peers when presenting a speech. This will entail information on how they will benefit from the presentation ether socially, financially or personally. My peers are in their youthful stage and the urge to succeed is the driving force in their lives. My words would be focused towards financial success to enable the creation of an image of a successful person. 1.3.3 I would choose pictures focusing on humanitarian aid. This is because I believe that my main role on earth is to help alleviate human suffering. Any activity that I engage in should e focused towards helping the most vulnerable. The attention statement would therefore be a strategy on how to mitigate human suffering. 1.4.1 The use of stereotypical connotations when communications when speaking about the relationship between the Arab population and terrorism was offensive. This is because the speaker was trying to vilify and entire race based on the hideous activities of a few individuals. 1.4.2 During my speech on the effects of global warming, I was asked questions on my view on the contributions of the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico to global warming. At that time, I did not have enough information concerning the events leading to the oil spill. However, I gave erroneous information. There were members of the audience who tried to challenge my responses but I shut them down. Later I went and conducted my research on the oil spill at the Gulf of Mexico, admitted that I was wrong and I gave the correct answer. That is how I was able to earn the trust of my audience back. 1.4.2 The communicator has the responsibility of upholding ethical standards when communicating to the audience. The audience must also observe ethics and respect to the communicator to enable effective communication. 2.1.1 Slogan is a word with Irish origin used in the description of a battle cry Cliché is a French word that was used in signifying a printing plate cast from moveable type Karaoke is an English word of Japanese’s origin, which means an empty orchestra. 2.1.2 The type of language used in communication is dependent on the meanings that the words chosen in the said language will have on the recipients. Thought therefore refers either to an entity that exists physically or in mind. Words contain letters that sound differently. A combination of these letters process a word whose meaning is given by thought. 2.1.3 Communication Primary message Auxiliary message Where are you going I would like to know where you will be just in case I need you I am being over protective and controlling Please come in I am inviting you into my house I am so formal in my interactions including welcoming guests Who do you talk to strangers I am concerned of you safety I am controlling your way of communicating 2.1.4 Self-concept is the central identity, which emanates from a set of beliefs about an individual and what he is capable of achieving. An individual who views himself as an outgoing and sociable person will use language in communicating his desires to learn more about himself and the surrounding. Ability to embrace eloquence and charisma is an indication of someone who is willing to learn and improve on his self-concept. This is an indication that self-concept influences the ability to communicate. 2.2.3 The healing of the newspaper article, “leading by example” is an attention seeker since it gives the reader the desire to know are leading and the examples they are setting in leadership. The article concludes by informing disabled students that disability should not slow an individual from realizing his or her objectives in life. The article seeks to inspire disabled students through the words of a Paralympic swimmer Rhea Schmidt. The writer uses inspirational and creative connotations to reveal to students that there are disabled persons who have been successful in their endeavors making it an interesting and inspiring article. 2.3.1 Word Denotative meaning Connotative meaning Snake This snake is a python The activities of Tom proves that he is such a snake Crippled He was crippled by the accident The economy of our country will be crippled by corrupt activities Cheap The low prices of clothes in this store proves that it is a cheaper shopping destination A lady who accepts any man is cheap 2.4.1 English clichés Not all that glitters is gold All for one an done for all American clichés Tail between the legs To make up Nerves of steel 2.4.2 Double speaking cannot be justified when used intentionally byte speaker to obscure the meaning. Dehumanization of stereotyping such as the use of ethnic cleansing instead of genocide is not justifiable. Double speaking can however be effective when the speaker successfully hides the meaning from the speaker and minimizes the possibility of misinterpretation. 2.5.1 The visual aids in the newspaper article serve the purpose of emphasizing the words that are being communicated. Visual aids provide the viewer with an aspect to recall about the intended message hence making a slating impression. 2.5.2 Sign post are major points in an article that signal the essential sects in the work. For example, the statement, “the essay critically examines…” is an example off a signpost that directs the reader to the main objective of the question 2.5.3 This is an example of map legend that shows the kind of vegetation that is available in different section of the map. The legend also helps in the identification of the national CapitaLand the major cities in different countries within the map 2.6.1 In the fashion article Fendi and Ferretti find a new muse,” Vanessa Friedman uses fashion jargon that is only meant for those in the industry. Terms like bloomers and Prada are not defined but are frequently used and this makes it relatively difficult for an individual less interested in fashion to understand the objective of the article 2.6.2 Attitude: refers to the knowledge, opinions and feelings of a consumer towards a product or service Billing: the amount of money belonging to a client that an agency controls Brand equity: the worth of a brand in relation to bottom line profits Brief: precise instructions on the desires of a customer during a campaign Concept: the defining idea in a marketing campaign Target audience: the group a marketing campaign is aimed at Usability: how easy it is to use a product or a service on sale Ambient: advertisements that merge unconventional with traditional marketing techniques Below the line: used to refer to any advertising media that s more focused on promotions instead of the brand Benchmarking: comparing business performance using standards of measure 3.1.1 I have experienced growth over the past five years as a public speaker. I am able to communicate effectively and eloquently since I prepare my speeches based on the type of audience and the content of my speech. I often use a structured communication platform, which allows for systematic delivery of the intended message. 3.1.2 My self-concept is based on the understanding that every public speaking event is a learning platform. This explains why I research and speak with authority basing my ideas on worked that can be proved. 3.1.3 Learning is a continuous process. This explains why new information arises everyday The authority that a speaker commands will influence the attitude of his audience. This is because an informed speaker will attract listeners who would always want to learn from him Self-concept is dependent on an individual’s view of the world. This is based on the understanding that the socialization process shapes the view of an individual, which in turn shapes his understanding of the self. 3.1.4 Positive reinforcement is an ingredient in the realization of the self-fulfilling prophesy. Psychologically when an individual grows in a positive environment, he is able to embrace mistake and accept positive criticisms as areas of improvement and the development of better communication skills. 3.2.1 Tellesation as presented by M.C Escher creates the perception that to be able to realize success it is important to embrace precision and accuracy. In addition, an attempt on the absurd helps in the realization of that which is impossible. 3.2.2 The process of perception is often affected by our ability to understand our surrounding. Perception is based on expectations, which are founded on that which we choose to perceive. An individual takes the choice to pay attention on something based on its importance to him and this explains why perception may limit our ability to understand a phenomenon. 3.2.3 Last summer I had three dogs. When I was leaving for school, I left them under the care of my younger brother. However, when I came back home, one of the dogs was missing. I concluded that it was dead. Later I learnt that my uncle had taken it on a hunting trip. I felt happy that it was alive but my initial thoughts about its death were not pleasing 3.3.1 While attending an art conference in my hometown I could not understand the speeches from some of the artists. This was because of the use of art jargon. I believe that if I had done a background research on art I could have understood the message. 3.3.2 I was once having a telephone conversation with my niece and I was explaining about the need to embrace generosity when dealing with the most vulnerable. My niece later called me back to tell of how she was planning to donate her school fees to cater for the needs of the poor. He misunderstood my intention because my view of generosity does not mean helping others while denying yourself the basic needs of life such as education 3.4.1 Age Level of education Gender My youthful age and my level of education require that when developing a speech the type of language that I can understand is relatively sophisticated. My work must therefore be backed by rigorous research 3.4.2 Becoming an active perceiver will enable me to recognizing that every individual has a unique frame of reference. In addition, it will also be important to understand that the perceptions of audiences often change relative to the culture and intercultural communication. 3.5.1 People oriented listening style helps the listeners to acquire information about the perceptions of the speaker. However, it limits the ability to acquire an understanding of the speaker’s message. Action- oriented listeners seek a clear message concerning the need to be executed in the speech. However, such listeners lack the ability to understand the underlying reasons that back the task to be performed. Content oriented listening style gives the listener an opportunity to learn from the speaker. These listeners often require thoroughly researched work and may not be satisfied by incomplete information Time oriented listening style often prefers the main objectives of the message to be delivered quickly. Their impatience may affect the delivery of the intended message hence miscommunication. 3.5.2 The use of question asking technique to attract the attention of the listeners The use of visual aids in presenting the speech to keep the audience attracted to the speech. 3.5.3 Bias on the speaker Bias on the mode of presentation Bias on the topic 3.5.4 Angry Patience Happy Hate Love The consequences of misunderstanding the abstract words included misinterpretation of meaning, pre-judgment and taking the wrong action. 4.1.1 Timely communication requires using the right channels in delivering the message. In the case of jay and Heather, making the conference call a success would involve communicating on both the telephone and email and informing the other party of the channel of communication used. This will ensure that the information reaches the intended recipient in a timely manner. 4.1.2 Alicia Hospitality Limited is a hotel and tourism company that offers the best services, which include food and accommodation, travelling and tour, guide services to local and international tourist at affordable provider. The company is located in Trinidad and Tobago. 4.4.1 I would send the email and the text messages to my professor. This because the information contained respects the rules of grammar, adheres to the standards of online behavior and they respect the privacy of the professor. This is knowledge that I have acquired overtime through interactions with my professors. 4.4.2 Words to friends Words to an authority figure Hi Good morning Call me back I am waiting to hear from you What have you been up to I hope this finds you well 4.4.3 When communicating to peers and acquaintances it is possible to use a casual tone. In addition, the application of a casual tone can be in situations where less formal information is to be delivered. 4.4.4 Topic: Abortion Youth in school Abortion the removal of an embryo or a fetus from the womb in order to end the pregnancy before the fetus is able to survive outside the womb. Abortion can occur spontaneously or due to induction by a chemical or any form of interference of the pregnancy and this in most cases is risky to the mother Medical professions Abortion is the premature termination of the product of conception from the uterus. Irrespective of the cause of abortion, it is always important to refer the patient to a medical facility 4.5.1 1st audience: School going children 2nd audience: Teachers Disease White blood cells Inactive period Virus CD4 cells Window period These words are used in addressing HIV/AIDS for children simplified version of the words is important to enable understanding while their teachers can understand the abstract words defining the disease. 4.5.2 Dear sir/Madam, RE: FRESH VEGETABLES Exquisite grocers is a company that supplies fresh vegetables to its customers. The nutritional value of these vegetables are in accordance with you cultural practices which require the community to consume health meals for healthy living. Our products are not only affordable but they also guarantee prosperous and healthy future. I hope to hear from you through our email address: exquiitgroce@gmail.com Yours sincerely, Addi Hassan. Exquisite Grocers 5.1.1 FYI I need my money by evening today because I have to make a trip to Sydney tomorrow morning. Do you remember the guy who had wet pants in class, LOL; he called to ask me out on a date WTH. 5.1.2 E-mail is an inappropriate when communicating with an individual who has limited knowledge on how to navigate e-mails. It is also less appropriate when communicating information that requires urgent feedback. This is because the intended response will not be received. 5.2.1 Exquisite Grocers 116 Avenue Dear Sir/madam RE: FRESH VEGETABLES This comes to inform you that if you need fresh vegetables that are free of microorganism of diseases please contact use through our email address: exquiitgroce@gmail.com Your health is our greatest concern, Yours sincerely, Addi Hassan. Exquisite Grocers 5.3.1 Service Customers Link between customer and product Cleaning services State government Referral hospital Red Cross The need to maintain hygiene Need to maintain safety standards 5.4.1 Businesses especially those focused on the provision of cleaning services have the desire of ensuring that the standards of health are maintained. The companies that hire these services perceive this approach as relatively cost effective since it is cheaper compared to hiring permanent employees. The internet has different leaning companies marketing their services at different prices 5.5.1 A longer resume is justified when the recipient requires detailed explanation of different activities that define your experiences, education background, and previous employments. 5.6.1 Subject: Networking solutions Body: G-electrics is a company that offers networking services to companies at affordable prices. The pricing is dependent on the quantity of work that is to be executed. We guarantee the provision of free service when a client accesses our services for five consecutive months. Regards, Addi Hassan, Group manager 5.6.2 I recently bought an iPhone 6. The quality and the services that the phone was offering were the best in the market at that time. 5.6.3 I am more motivated by reason since it gives credit to that which is to be purchased or spoken o. in addition, it also ensure s that I maintain objectivity 6.5.1 Slang Jargon Standard English word Babe Lady Woman ACE Professional Very good Bad Intense Interesting Beemer B.M.W Car model Blow Leave Go Article Objectionable person Lazy Fox Attractive Beautiful Cool Impressive Very good Blowing it Flunking Failing Stake Sweaty equity Pay 6.5.2 When preparing a speech for a divergent audience it is important to learn about the audience, as this will ensure that the speaker will be able to navigate through culturally relevant communication interactions. In addition, it will ensure that sensitive areas such as stereotypical connotations or racial bias are minimized. 7.1.1 Considering the rhetorical situation is important in the preparation of speeches since it helps the speaker in revising his speech in relation to the expectations of the audience. This will gauge his awareness of the content, hence producing a more effective document 7.1.2 When addressing a topic on tattoos to different middle school children it will be important to give them an informational speech regarding tattoos and its dangers. This is because at middle school the speaker has authority over the children who have to listen and follow instructions. Explanations such as the dangers of tattoos on skin will serve to protect the children from the possibility of embracing tattoos. For college students, they are considered as adults and therefore the speech on tattoos should be open ended to give room for divergent views on how to manage tattoos. 7.2.1 Aristotle’s Forms of Rhetorical Proof Cognate Strategies Focus My speech will address each element and strategy by (verbal and visual) Pathos Tone Emphasis Engagement Expression Relevance Relationship Tone Relevance Relationship Verbal  Logos Clarity Conciseness Arrangement Clear understanding Key points Order, hierarchy, placement Clarity Understanding key points arrangement  Verbal and visual Ethos Credibility Expectation Reference Character, trust Norms and anticipated outcomes Sources and frames of reference Credibility Expectation Reference Trust  Verbal and visual 7.2.2 I am proud to present to you the real understanding of realism as a theory in politics. Many writers have tried to define realism but according to me I it is the belief that the approach to political understanding is based on the contemporary events that are happening on the political landscape. This speech has it meanings founded on insufficient understanding of the key concept of realism. It would be important for the speaker to consider referring to renowned authors such as Hans Morgenthau who defined realism. 7.2.3 Organizing a presentation involves ethics because it will help in the determination of the choice of words to be used by the speaker. Ethical considerations minimize the possibility of adopting stereotypical denotations. 7.3.1 In his 2013 inaugural address, US president Barrack Obama gave his Inaugural speech at White House https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/01/21/inaugural-address-president-barack-obama Attention statement: Acknowledges dignitaries present Introduction: Thanks Americans for voting Body: Considers the never-ending desire by Americans to ensure good governance Conclusion: the need by Americans to embrace their responsibilities in building the nation Residual message: Appreciates the listeners 7.3.2 Adolf Hitler in his 1941 speech to the German declared war against the United States https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/hitler_declares_war.html Structural element Its application Areas of improvement Attention statement Uses a conclusion to pre-empt the content of speech Could have communicated of the German pride rather than the perceived enemy Introduction Appreciates the German leadership and their desire to succeed in war Need to focus on his confidence in the German leadership Body Focuses on wars that Germans have won in the past Needs to focus on the reason for declaring war against The USA to maintain relevance Conclusion Emphasizes on the need to die as one nation Needs to focus on hope that Germany can defeat America to give the soldiers and citizens hope Residual message Appreciates Germany for the unity Has ensured that his residual message will linger on German mind 7.3.3 Organization provides a technique of arranging the ideas in such a way that the central idea expresses the intended message. In addition, it also helps in the determination of the points are to support the main idea. It also helps in the preparation of a complete outline of the speech 7.4.1 Outline Time Activity 8.00- 10.00 AM Waking up Taking Breakfast Revising for class 10.00-12.00 A.M Attending class 12.00Noon- 12.30 PM Lunch 12.30 PM- 1.00 PM Attending the Drama club meeting 1.00 PM- 2.00 PM Attending the music club meeting 2.00PM- 4.00PM Attending philosophy class 4.00 PM- 6.00 PM Attending football practices The day was informed by a series of meetings and class sessions prior to physical exercise at the end of the time. The outline however does not contain my meeting with friends, which raises questions on my social life 7.5.1 Organizing principle: Time Topic: organizational management In mid 1960s, the management I organization was focused the need to follow protocol in decision making. This explained the slow nature of the decision making process By 1980s, there was transformation in organizational management as companies shifted focus to the need to hasten production hence the need for departmental meetings whose deliberate informed the executive. In the 21st century, decision making has been made easier die to technology, which allows for emails and teleconferencing. This is an indication that managers do not have to hold physical meetings but can engage in discussions virtually. Organizing principle: Comparison Topic: organizational management Between the 1960s, 1980 and currently the decision making process has witnessed transformation. The cotemporary organizations are managed by virtual communication and faster decision making process compared to the 1960 and the 1980s decision making processes, which were characterized by bureaucracy Read More