Culture and Career Counseling - Research Paper Example

Culture and Career Counseling The Economically Disadvantaged The economically disadvantaged are families with social disadvantage, who cannot compete in a liberalized market and have diminished access to credit and capital facilities as the socially advantaged. Poverty is the main characteristic of the economically disadvantaged population, as the individuals cannot afford basic human needs. To fall in the category, individuals have to particular information to the US Small Business Administration (SBA). The information includes narrative statement on personal financial condition, and second with fiscal information like tax return (Brown & Lent, 2013). In case of a couple, a socially disadvantaged person must submit isolated financial information of the partner. On receiving application for classification under the economically disadvantaged group, SBA has to prove that income, net worth and assets’ value do not reach certain threshold level. Specifically, assets should not value above $4millon, personal income taken over the past 3 years should not exceed $250000, and the net worth has to be below $250000. The economically disadvantaged people have special education needs. For instance, the USA Federal as well as State’s governments have programs such free or subsidized meals for students from eligible families. The people falling in the group also suffer from poor access to health care and poor upward economic and social mobility. Many statics show that people born in poor families are likely to remain poor and have generally low achievements in life (Whiston & Rose, 2015). influence of discrimination and gender roles on career choice Discrimination and expectations of gender roles have momentous influence on carrier choices of people. Over long time, racial discrimination has been an obstacle that hinders the Blacks from rising up the wealth ladder. Most of the Black families are poor and likely to remain the same social class over generations (Vickas, 2015). The social immobility of such families relate to discrimination in education and later in employment. In fact, discrimination has compromised the ability of the Black students to perform well schools, which ruins their chances to access better paying jobs. Aware of their place in the society and the likelihood to suffer discrimination, many students from Black families tend to settle for low paying career that can assure them employment in the future (Brown & Lent, 2013). African American students cannot choose white-collar careers because are likely to secure jobs irrespective of having impressive qualifications. Whiston and Rose (2015) confirm that Gender roles expectations also influence career in a number of ways. To begin with, many societies allocate roles that require use of a lot of energy to men. This practice makes men to feel strong, and tend to choose careers that reflect their role expectations with the societies (Whiston & Rose, 2015). Resultantly, men are likely to choose masculine careers such as engineering, driving, security and farming among other. The fact that many communities view men as responsible and able leaders encourages males to choose leadership oriented careers. This role expectation is the reason for male-dominance in managerial and top business jobs. According to McIlveen (2015), the social viewing of females as homemakers and care providers has greatly influenced the career choices of women. All over the world, women dominate the nursing career mainly due to historical orientation of the field with women. Nursing involves responsibilities such as care provision, guidance, counseling, and general health care provision. The inherent nursing roles relate to the homemaking activities and care provision as associated with feminine gender. The perception ad expectation of women as caregivers is responsible for large number of females serving as elementary school teachers. Gender role expectations also regard females as incapable performing complex mathematics compared to males. This stereotype has seen women shy away from Mathematics intensive careers. careering counseling for the economically disadvantaged Career counseling for the economically disadvantaged the needs of the economically disadvantaged group are financial in nature. Undoubtedly, despite the relief that the group receives from the government, the people enjoy less satisfaction. Career counselors can help individuals from the group by making them understand their economic cultures, and the messages they receive as related to employment (Juntunen & Martin, 2015). Being economically disadvantages is likely to be due to choice of a wrong career. A counselor can help a client redirect career by identifying and choosing one that is more satisfying and taking short time. A career counselor can also contact or link with children of an economically disadvantaged person and advise on how to choose proper careers. In so doing, a career counselor may look into cultural and economic issues facing the family as the basis of career education, guidance and advice. In addition, a career counselor may also link children from an economically disadvantaged background with institutions that handle related cases (Vickas, 2015). Counselors can also seek for help of human rights institutions and other relevant organizations to help in job placement for qualified students from the economically disadvantaged backgrounds. sources of help for the economically disadvantaged 1) The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) The Center for Disease Control and Prevention runs UNAIDS program to provide support for the economically disadvantaged. The program came into existence following reports associating high levels of HIV/AIDS pandemic with poverty that exhibits within economically disadvantaged families. 2) The United States Department of Agriculture: Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization This government agency runs programs administered by the Small Business Administration. Among the programs include, the 8 (a) Business Program, Women Owned Small Business, Historically Underutilized Business Zone (HUB Zone), Small Business Subcontracting and Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business. 3) The Association of American Colleges (AAMC) The Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) runs a program called Medical Minority Applicant Registry (Med-MAR), which assists students from economically disadvantaged students wishing to venture in medical career. References Brown, S. & Lent, R. (2013). Career Development and Counseling: Putting Theory and Research to Work. Second ED. Hoboken; NJ: John Willy & Sons, Inc. Juntunen, C. L., & Martin, E. L. (2015). Standards, competencies, and guidelines in career interventions. In P. J. Hartung, M. L. Savickas, W. B. Walsh, P. J. Hartung, M. L. Savickas, W. B. Walsh (Eds.) , APA handbook of career intervention, Volume 1: Foundations (pp. 389-402). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/14438-021 McIlveen, P. (2015). Psychotherapy, counseling, and career counseling. In P. J. Hartung, M. L. Savickas, W. B. Walsh, P. J. Hartung, M. L. Savickas, W. B. Walsh (Eds.) , APA handbook of career intervention, Volume 1: Foundations (pp. 403-417). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/14438-022 Vickas, M. L. (2015). Career counseling paradigms: Guiding, developing, and designing. In P. J. Hartung, M. L. Savickas, W. B. Walsh, P. J. Hartung, M. L. Savickas, W. B. Walsh (Eds.) , APA handbook of career intervention, Volume 1: Foundations (pp. 129-143). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/14438-008 Whiston, S. C., & Rose, C. S. (2015). Career counseling process and outcome. In P. J. Hartung, M. L. Savickas, W. B. Walsh, P. J. Hartung, M. L. Savickas, W. B. Walsh (Eds.) , APA handbook of career intervention, Volume 1: Foundations (pp. 43-60). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/14438-003 Read More