Causes of Conflict in Developing Countries - Essay Example

Task Introduction The aspect of the human race ecological change deals with the relationship between the neighborhood, regional and worldwide geographical changes in the environment. The diverse alteration processes are based on basic problems related to development and of development and evolution bearing a substantial conflict prospective. In most situations those regionally restricted to ecologic revolution phenomena bring about brutal conflicts. A distinctive example which proves this perception is the ethnic violence that affected Kenya in 1991 to 1993 leading to loss of lives of many citizens. The readings by Colin H. Kahl, gives a clear definition of conflicts that can lead to physical aggression. It is also suggests reasons why political concepts such as ecologic security are unable to deal with problems resulting from transformation. The paper tries to explore the evidence and arguments expresses in other articles to propose as well as oppose the notion. Evidence supporting causes of conflict in developing countries Since the year 1990, Kenya as a country has gone through an obvious decay in security human condition from the mushrooming insignificant transgression to the start of ethnic cleansing. The local and the worldwide press frequently discuss the incident of the ever rising cases of criminal offenses and insecurity. The reading disaggregates the different forms and localities that bloodshed took place and the dynamics that binds them. Problematizing the relations between the state and the society transcends beyond the state incapability to uphold security in the country. At times this plays a role in encouraging and at times aggressively incites violence. Environmental degradation relates directly to political stability in a country. In the past civil and over the past several decades, civil and tribal wars have destabilized the chances for economical advancement as well as political development in the developing countries. This resulted to loss of lives of many citizens while some were left homeless as in the case in Kenya during ethnic violence in 1991(Foucault et al 2009). Statistics shows that demographic and ecological challenges coupled with interactions between the population increase, ecological degradation and rising scarcities of fundamental natural aspects of survival signify the cause of wars in the present world. Kahl suggests that the situation leads to tension in the work places thus leading to massive pressure on the societal groupings and the government. This issue has resulted to increase in occurrence of armed conflict in the developing countries. He outlines the two causes of the issues as an inefficient state that exploits the citizen. The failure of the state is manifested when the growth of population, environmental destruction and inequality of resource led to deterioration of legitimacy and government cohesion. This acts as an incentive for rebellion and inters ethnic hostility. State invented conflicts arises when political leaders take advantage of such opportunities resulting from populace pressures, scarcity of natural reserve and correlated communal grievances to initiate violence that serves their selfish interests. Dealing with the social science perception, Colin argues that demographically and ecological initiated conflicts are likely to take place in countries that are divided along tribal, spiritual, regional, or class. This has resulted to exclusive and prejudiced political systems. Lester Brown in his reading talks about the importance of stabilizing the population. He believes it is a vital component in maintaining a conducive political environment and sustainable economic progress. The key to a stable populace is a general elementary school program, indispensable health care institutions, accessibility to family control initiatives and school lunch programs in the poor nations. United Nations identify universal primary education for all children by the year 2015 as part of its Millennium goals. This means putting emphasis on the education of every child but laying emphasis on the girl child. The main reason for this idea is as a result of the few number of girls attending school in developing nations. This helps in controlling the population as fertility levels decreases. Closely connected to worldwide primary education in schools is fundamental health provision in the remote areas living a simple kind of life. It entails the establishment of clinics in the rural areas so as to provide infancy immunization for communicable diseases, oral rehydration and treatment of dysentery ,basic reproductive health care, as well as and family planning initiatives. Lester argues that even in the rural areas with health care services available, child mortality rate is still high in Iran. This is because parents oppose the idea of having few children as there is an uncertainty about the number of children who will how many will live on to adulthood. School lunch initiatives play a key role in poor countries. This is because they offer an incentive to poor children frequently destabilized by food shortage. This encourages poor children to attend school. A hungry child has a short concentration short span. It is the accountability of every national in the country to contribute to the third phase of demographic evolution of his or her nations. Countries that find themselves in the first stage of the transition experience political instability characterized by racial undertones, religious divisions and ethnic fights. These disastrous states are a haven for terrorists other than participants involved in building of stable nations. If the population in the world continues to increase by 70million people yearly the figure affected by poverty and starvation grows, threatening the food security, stability of a country and economical advancement. The humanitarian solution is to encourage married people to give birth to few children than stabilizing the population in the world to 7billion.It is time for leaders in the world to unite and implement policies that encourages development and peace in the world (Gould 2009). Jack Goldstone insists that the rate of population around the world has reduced significantly in the world; some areas still experience a high population. Nations found in the Middle East, Asian countries and north of Africa grows at 3% yearly. This predicts a double growth rate of the population in the next 25years.Even though the population growth rate in most countries has reduced, the number of children born has not changed. Scholars have come up with answers to complicated questions concerning the effects of population on security component in a country. The answers deal with many propositions that involve economic degradation not a chief cause of global conflicts and ethnic tensions. Population growth has resulted to conflicts resulting from scarcity of resources (Todaro & Stephen 2006). Demographic as well as Malthusian theory, populace strains on natural renewable capital lead to the society becoming affected with low levels of intensity civil aggression. On the other hand, resource experts agree that agricultural land shortage caused by high inhabitant’s density is the main challenge to economic progression, thus leading to harmonious relationships in the long term. These notions are put into a test as a quantitative national study dealing with the 1950-2000 periods approves the perception. The results have weak proposals in support of both perspectives. Countries affected by high rates of populace growth, high rates of industrialization or outsized refugee populaces do not face larger risks of in-house armed variances. Conclusion There are various suggestions that shortage of potential fertile land have a harmonious effect. Nevertheless, where land scarcity together with high rates of population growth, increases the risk of conflict among countries. This tendency is mainly associated with the 1970s, as the decade saw the immense increase in neo-Malthusian notions. Claims stressing that the world is in an innovative era of insecurity after the Cold War, that proved that the demographic and ecological factors acted as a threat to the nation security and state constancy, seem baseless .In general, the strength of the experiential support for the two arguments is controversial. A physically powerful weight on defense as worldwide grounds for plummeting global inhabitant’s growth is necessary. Works Cited Foucault, Michel, Michel Senellart, François Ewald, and Alessandro Fontana. Security, territory, population: New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 2007. Print. Gould, W. T. S.. Population and development. London: Routledge, 2009. Print. Todaro, Michael P., and Stephen C. Smith. Economic development. London: Pearson Addison Wesley, 2006. Print. Read More