Health Sciences & Medicine Essays

The hypothesis (null) in this study was that there would be no difference in the frequency of unplanned readmission plus out-of-hospital deaths, during a minimum of 6 months of follow-up, among patients with chronic CHF discharged home after acute admission between those exposed and not exposed to a CHF-specific, multidisciplinary, home-based intervention in addition to usual care.

The author states that scores of research have been conducted regarding the treatment methodologies of cancer and many are still under process. The question that surfaces here are that which of these treatments are dependable or suitable? I.e. which ‘one’ treatment would stand out against all others to be highly effective against cancer.

The management of a diabetic foot ulcer requires the patient to change his or her behavior. There is the high potential importance of the qualitative study conducted by Searle et al (2005) to understand the experience of ulceration and healing in the diabetic foot, from the perspectives of the patient as well as the podiatrist. 

Stress has become an ever-growing part of today's society and therefore needs to be understood in order to help individuals cope. Even as many theories be inclined to envelop also a physiological or psychosocial approach to coping, it has become obvious that approaches should exemplify all areas in order to create a more flourishing way in which to deal with stress.

Autism is the most prevalent developmental disorder affecting one in every 166 children. Symptoms of the disorder can be generally described as the incapability to adequately interact socially along with a disinterested demeanor. It is an abnormality in the structure of the brain caused by genetic predispositions or from damage occurring during the development phase.

From the above, it is amply clear that physios across two clinical specialties namely orthopedics and sports have distinct standings on their own. With the passage of time and advancement in medical science, their importance has increased several folds. It is certain that both of the specialties will strive in their own areas in the future.

The study further suggests that 94% of the errors were unlikely to cause substantial harm, but 6% could cause potential and severe harm to the patient. Berdot et al. (1-8) further show that the factors associated with the errors include the administration route and drug ATC, including the number of patients managed by a single nurse.

The Manchester community comprises different races living together. It has the highest rate of cancer, obesity, and heart-related illnesses when compared to other areas in England. Although the death rates in Manchester have declined in the last decade, the rates still remain above the national average. 

Dementia usually leads to death as a result of recurring damage caused to the brain, making the production of knowledge regarding this disease essential to reduce its pervasiveness for the elderly in today’s society in an effort to better combat this potentially life-threatening condition.

In the recent past, however, science has come out to justify that indeed, vegetarian diets have much more to offer than just people’s beliefs. It has been proven that the larger percentage of diseases occurring today is related to a person’s diet. Again, it has been shown that vegetarian diets minimize the risk of developing chronic diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, cardiovascular disorders, and a wide range of cancers.

In my opinion human cloning should be forbidden for three core reasons -My primary argument involves religious beliefs. There are many religious groups like that of the Christians and Muslims who staunchly oppose human cloning. This disagreement is in thoughtful respect for the laws of nature that reflect the world of God.

The author states that as baby boomer women age, they find that they need access to the health care system more than ever. Health care practitioners and researchers are coming around to closing the disparity between services offered to men and to women. For example, the editor of the New England Journal of Medicine no longer accepts studies.

The author states that MS is also characterized by the presence of low polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in structural phospholipid and reduced serum linoleate level, which has to lead to an investigation of the role of dietary factors in MS. But a definite benefit from any particular diet has not yet been proven in MS.

The purpose of this research was to seek to understand how childhood eating habits continue to manifest themselves into adulthood and to what specific degree. The authors have sought to weigh and analyze the eating habits of children and compare these together with overall activity levels experienced in childhood with the same metrics in adulthood.

The major count of the nutrient requirement of the body is met through the food intake. However, there is a number of factors which influence the optimal utilization of energy from the food taken in. The physical and specific health-related factors can influence the number of nutrients received from food.

Medical science has introduced various medical and pharmacological advancements that have been used by various health professionals to treat and manage different patient afflictions.  These advancements have mostly been meant as life-saving interventions, treating different afflictions and prolonging people’s lives.

This study does not identify the chemicals present in atrazine. The effects of pesticides and other industrial products can be well identified by studying the effects of their constituent chemicals. I would recommend that future research identifies the chemicals present in atrazine and evaluate each chemical according to the literature available.

Negative automatic thoughts not only make us feel bad or depressed, but they can also stop us from doing the right things. We may find ourselves thinking "I'll not be able to do it, what's the point in trying" and we get depressed. Depression is a chronic illness that requires long-term treatment but most of the drugs possess severe adverse. 

The paper provides a brief description of alternatives to DDT, long term management programs and a pre-requisite organized approach by the concerned authorities to control pests and vectors. Research proved DDT as a persistent chemical with toxic effects on human beings. It was also found to be responsible for environmental hazards.

Prospective cohorts are very useful in determining cause and effect and incidence, however, the role of confounding cannot be overlooked. 2.5 is a significant relative risk, however, if more similar studies arrive upon the same results should this be made into a health recommendation. Cohort studies have an element of recall bias. 

The author states that the outcomes of this literature analysis show that the scope and seriousness of autism difficulties and learning complications in children do not decrease. That autism is a form of lifelong disability that creates serious difficulties in how children with diagnosed autism learn.

Residential aged care refers to the offering of meals, appropriate staffing, furnishing, cleaning services equipment. Residential aged care can be categorized into the two divisions of low and high levels of care. High level of care refers to the group of aged people with complex needs that requires more attention from the nursing staff. 

Delirium is more likely to occur in those with vulnerable nervous systems, young children and geriatric populations. A recent study by Rizzo et al. (2001) estimated that delirium impacts lengths of stay for more than 2.3 million geriatric patients each year thus increasing health care dollar expenditures dramatically (Rizzo, et al., 2001). 

Social epidemiology describes the social and geographic distribution of health on its determinants. There are two types of epidemiological methods of analysis; they are qualitative and quantitative approach. The social epidemiology studies about the frequency, distribution, and social determinants of the states of the health of the individuals. 

The health disparity is also the result of the increase in the inequality level of the income in last thirty years. This disparity in the income level has severely distorted the equal distribution of health and social resources. In our world, where every little problem of human beings is being solved with the help of innovative ideas and technology, the helpless and hopeless situation experienced by people with lower SES is a blot on humanity.

As part of this research, they examined the levels of risk-adjusted mortality and failure to rescue on the part of the resident nurses in this area, and how this related to the level of education that these nurses had.

Schizophrenia is among the top 10 disabling conditions worldwide for young adults. Schizophrenia is a major disorder that is quite devastating to an individual and occurs in approximately 1% of the population and is made up of more than a single general disorder. Patients with schizophrenia struggle with many functional impairments.

Foods and beverages with low and reduced calories have become popular with lifestyle conscious people seeking healthy options, control overweight, or alternative products. Moreover, it is worth mentioning, that an important component of such food and beverages is aspartame (also known as NutraSweet and Canderel). 

Cervical cancer seems to be on the rise. In developing nations like in Eastern Africa, cervical cancer has increased drastically (Dyess, 2008). And while in the world cervical cancer is declining, it is still the world's second most common disease and the third leading cause of deaths among women (Dawn). 

The country was chosen for analysis in the United States. This country runs one of the most successful health care systems. This is because their hospital waiting lists are not as high as they are in the UK and other countries. Health care services in the US are moderately successful owing to the fact medical technology is highly available.

Radiologic and special imaging techniques are other techniques that are utilized for the early detection of cancerous cells and chronic disease diagnosis.  Radiologic imaging usually detects a diseased organ within a patient when diseased symptoms have been diagnosed and further confirmation becomes necessary.

The author states that the presence of an artifact compromises the quality of the image generated from the scan, thus making it difficult to use the image as a diagnostic tool. There are several ways by which artifacts originate such as processes involving CT data acquisition, movement of patients during the scanning process.

Nutritional excesses and deficiencies can lead to a variety of disorders, some of which are not curable. “The deficiency of calcium and or vitamin D makes bones weak, and leads to Rickets in children and Osteomalacia in adults” (American Diabetes Association, pp. 39-45, 2007). Vitamin A deficiency can cause vision and skin problems. 

Doctors make use of screening tools to diagnose the symptoms of autism in children. Psychologists and pediatric neurologists try to make the children speak and interact with them. The screening tools help them evaluate the hearing skills, social interaction skills, and communication skills of the children.

Glucose uptake is, therefore, faster, hence there is a sharper decline in the glucose levels in the blood in those who exercise.  In this study, glucose levels featured a sharper decline in the exercise group as compared to the non-exercise group.  This study supports previous results as set forth by other studies.  It also shows the value of exercise for those with high blood glucose levels.

When it comes to the health risks of obesity, popular press upholds the findings of researches, but observably it is used to promote fitness programs: “Torchia is encouraging more teens to live a healthy lifestyle through his new program, Operation Fitness Teen Strength and Fitness Challenge, which teaches teens how to stay fit and healthy” (Filicicchia, 2000-2008, par. 15)

The author states that the bones create a deep cavity which not only harbors the important nerves and arteries passing through or terminating within this cavity, also it harbors the visceral organs which differ in males, females, and children. In the case of males, the pelvic cavity contains the iliac arteries in both cases one on each side.

PACS implementation is easy and productive, and most radiologists, physicians, and managers are increasingly receptive to this type of imaging technology (Duyck et al. 2010). Thus, the implementation of PACS does not meet any significant barriers and can be easily accomplished in any department or hospital facility.  

Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are distinctly categorized as EDs, outlined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1994). In Anorexia nervosa (AN) weight of an individual is lower than nominal standards as per age and height.

South Korea has 74 procedures per 10,000 people and the United States only has 42 procedures per 10,000 people so South Korea has the highest rate of plastic surgery but the United States has the highest number at 1,300,000 plastic surgeries every year so it is more common in the United States to have plastic surgery (“It’s official,” 2012). 

Therefore, it is very important to eat healthy as there are many benefits related to a healthy diet. Many nutritionists and food experts have come up with ways to give information about healthy eating. Information is widely accessible in the form of; books, talk shows, magazines, journals, and programs.

lt stem cells found all over the bodies of adults and children and fetal stem found in the umbilical cord and placenta of embryos older than eight weeks. Stem cell research seeks to develop stem cells to regenerate cells for nonfunctional organs and tissues. Research in stem cells has begun a long time ago but has gained popularity recently due to increased scrutiny from the public especially religious organizations.

 High taxes should be imposed on ‘soft drinks, and junk foods’ to endorse healthy eating because they raise revenue for a country, they change human beings’ behavior by making them responsible, improves the health of a person, and has effectively thrived in reducing smoking practice.

It is necessary for the nurse to inquire from the patient when an how he first time noticed the swelling, how large is it, the color of the swelling, any visible pulsation, any color change of the skin above the swelling? Whether the swelling came on slowly or quickly? Whether the person has ever had swelling in the past? Whether or not the swelling goes away when the limb is elevated?

Fibrotic cysts are more of a characteristic of the breasts where its prominence is exhibited during ovulation or just before menstruation. According to the Health Central Network, during the mentioned periods “hormone level changes often cause the breast cells to retain fluid and develop into nodules or cysts (sacs filled with fluid), which feel like a lump when touched.

Food offers a variety of nutrients. Some nutrients grant energy, while others are vital for the development and upholding of the body. Carbohydrates, protein, and fat are macronutrients that we require to consume in comparatively large quantities in the diet because they offer our bodies with energy. They are also constructing blocks for the development and preservation of a healthy body.

Researches agree that autism occurs at all intelligence levels and about 75% of autistic individuals have an intelligence quotient (IQ) below average, the other 25% have an average or above-average intelligence (Nelsen, pp-108: 1997). Generally, the performance IQ is higher than the verbal IQ of autistic children given proper intervention in the early years.  

The author states that a sedentary lifestyle, devoid of walking or moving at all, is known to be devastating for one’s health, and walking, as economical and easygoing as it is, provides the best solution to avoiding the dangers of an inactive lifestyle. The question of walking and exercise also brings to mind the connection between jogging and walking.

The author states that the condition is characterized by paroxysmal narrowing of the bronchial airways due to inflammation of the bronchi and also due to the spasm of the bronchi due to contraction of the bronchial smooth muscle. Most of the patients develop symptoms in early childhood. 80-90 percent of them experience symptoms before 6 years of age.

This Fisher’s Exact test is appropriate for this kind of study because this is used to analyze small samples and experiments that deal with comparing two groups. Since this study compares an intervention and a control group, and the sample size of 206 is relatively small, Fisher’s Exact test is most appropriate.