Finance & Accounting Essays

According to the paper economic policy of the city has undergone tremendous strategic and structural revamp in last two decades. The city has been witnessing a GDP growth rate of eleven percent for the last two years while economic policy makers have targeted to achieve GDP of US$108 billion within next three years. Colliers International has underlined that real estate industry of the city will show growth rate of more than fifty percent over next few years.

During the financial year 2012, the current liabilities of the company JB-Hi Fi Limited has increased $93,543 thousand as compared to the prior year ending 2011. This represents an increase of around 27% during the financial year. The major increase has been represented in the figure of Trade and other payables of the company.

Be prepared to discuss.   Go to Accounting Today’s Website to read the article titled “ GAO Sees Problems in Government’s Financial Management,” dated December 27, 2010, located at http://www.accountingtoday.com/news/GAO-Sees-Problems-Government-Financial-Management-56749-1.html.

It defines how an organization’s financial statements are to be prepared and disclosed. This set of standards was designed to replace each country’s Generally Accepted Accounting Principals (GAAP). This makes it easy for all financial statements from any part of the world to be comparable and evaluated on the same set of accounting standards.

The report disclosed the widespread institutional, organizational, and individual factors that allowed these fraudulent activities to occur, which means that similar recommendations must be applied at these levels to prevent future activities and outcomes from occurring.

In 2008, the government of the United Kingdom designed a set of new policies so that the banks could cope up with credit crunch (a shortage of funds in the credit market for businesses and consumers) and recover from the economic downturn.

The developments have offered banks a unique, central responsibility in the US financial environments. These roles include lending and deposit taking and other activities in the financial services sector. Banks control the bigger proportion of the deposits that are transferable as checks (Spong, 2000).

The world is being rocked with many cases of accountants breaching business ethics. What these organizations fail to consider is the environment that employees work in. Accountants may be responsible people who change with the dynamics of the organization.

These transactions ensure money changes hands in the economy as well as growth of enterprises. Component of the U.S financial market include the Dow Jones industrial average, transportation average and the utilities average among others. Stocks are traded in the stock exchange e.g.

The process of financial planning adopted by corporations include a method of evaluating the present value of the company, expected growth of assets anticipated future expenses. Working capital management Working capital management involves maintaining optimum level of current assets and cash by the corporation in order to meet the short term liabilities.

American investors find it lucrative to invest in various sectors in Romania because of the reducing trade barriers and growing economy in the country (“Doing business in Romania”). Business environment Romania’s business development is enhanced by its products, services and technology.

Abudhabi Financial Market Introduction Abu Dhabi is the capital and the second largest city of United Arab Emirates. The financial market of Abu Dhabi is dominated by the banks and insurance companies of Abu Dhabi. The financial market has played a key role in the rapid growth of the energy sector and renewable energy industry of Abu Dhabi.

The author states that the motivating factors for the management’s engagement in revenue recognition fraud may be due to a weak season where the organization predicts unimpressive financial prospects. In addition, unscrupulous management systems could get involved in outright revenue recognition fraud.

The CAPM was built on the model of choice of portfolio developed by Harry Markowitz (1959). According to the model of Markowitz, an investor opts to select a portfolio at time t-1 which would generate a stochastic return at time t. The model assumes that investors are generally risk averse, and at the time of choosing their portfolio they are concerned only about the mean and variance of their return at the end of the period of investment.

It has operations in other continents as well and has operations in New York, London, Singapore and Hong Kong.  With the retained cash earnings being risen by 13% the amount of liquidity in the company increased. That was the reason why the company had taken this policy. 

However; a rational investor must not rely so much on history and perceived prestige but on rational data and exact trends of the stock of the company. Shifts of Share Prices of Westpac Bank In order to be in a capacity to know the share price of Westpac Bank thoroughly; it is essential to draw a trend.

Financial analysis steps in to help tone down the losses that are associated with risk through a thorough investigation of the risks that are associated with financing and investing activities (Vishwanath, & Krishnamurti, 2009). These risks include share price volatility, interest rates, credit worthiness of creditors, and capital availability and usage among other risks.

Gamble (2012) stated “As hospitals continue to merge and affiliate, it presents a real concern whether independent hospitals can sustain their model and survive. Hospitals are merging or being bought and sold at a rate that continues to grow, driven by declining reimbursement, tight credit and the pursuit for more leverage with payors.” Under this scenario, it is important to understand the key financial drivers that cause health care organizations to merge, evaluate their financial performance and review the determinants of financial results of the merged entities with a view to improve the financial planning process in the post-merger phase.

Similarly, managements have taken strategies to ensure accountability in the use of funds in order to create a strong positive relationship with the shareholders. One of practice that firms use to ensure reliable financial information is auditing. Auditing entails a systematic examination of records, financial performance, and statements.

2. Tax authorities Tax authorities want to determine the extent to which filed tax returns are credible (Webster, 2004). 3. Creditors Creditors want to determine an organization’s credit worthiness. They give credit according to their customer’s level of financial health.

3. a. Sales are projected to increase in coming years. 4. c. priced correctly 5. d. Company X has higher leverage than Company Y. 6. a. $129 7. a. 0.2 8. a. $ 416.25 9. b. 5.00% 10. a. 9.49% 11. c. 13.36% Problems 1. a. How and when should K2 account for their warranty?

Mainly, the problem lies in the fact that several death row defendants have lately been revealed to be blameless of their convicted crime. Such faults have to stop for the rule of law to exist. For instance Since 1987, 13 of 24 death row inmates in Illinois have been proven blameless by autonomous investigation and speedily released from prison (Kury, et al, 2003).

As per the Income Statement and the Balance Sheet, the company seems to be a very good profitable organisation but a mere look upon these two financial statements do not give a decisive position about a company’s performance, hence proper analysis needs to be done.

Name of the Student Name of the Instructor Subject Date Mumbai’s Dabawalah’s- A World Class Service Introduction The evolution of systems and structures as well as a pattern of managing them is nothing short of a modern miracle of organization. Man has emerged from being a cave dweller and a hunter-gatherer to an owner and manager of the modern conglomerate, international enterprises of repute and distinction that are world renowned and household names in many countries all over the world.

Dark energy is not directly observed, but rather inferred from observations of gravitational interactions between astronomical objects, along with dark matter. Dark matter must exist to account for the gravity that holds galaxies together. Dark matter is also responsible for amplifying small fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background back in the early universe to create the large scale structure we observe in the universe today.

l and P/E approach. Industry and Fundamental Analysis Economic Analysis After the financial crisis of 2008, with recovering economy, the stock market is expected to grow in coming years with recovering economy (Neate, 2011). Moreover, some experts believe that UK stock market is still undervalued (Boyce, 2011).

The accounting profession is guided by the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The four basic financial statements are the income statement, balance sheet, statement of retained earnings, and statement of cash flow. Public companies release quarterly financial statements and yearly financial statements within the content of the annual report.

The resigning CFO had been serving the company for five years and his services to the company are highly appreciated. He was a part of the company during the company’s major successes and his contributions to the achievements of the company would always be appreciated.

The study was guided by the theoretical framework defined under the Technology Acceptance Model and the Innovation Diffusion Theory. TAM incorporated perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, intention to use, and usage behaviour (Khosrow-Pour, 2006).

Founded by Congress, the Federal Reserve was created to provide the nation with a safer, more flexible, and more stable monetary system. The structure of the Federal Reserve itself was designed to give a broad outlook on the economy and economic matters, and bring some stability to a currency.

Sometimes anticipatory buying of the foreign currency drives the market. Anticipation can destabilise Foreign Exchange Markets. This is because the participants tend exchange their national currency more or less depending on the expected exchange rates.

The Modigliani – Miller theorem or proposition is regarded as a key element in the development of today’s corporate finance. The bottom line of the Modigliani and Miller theorem is the proposition of irrelevance which argue that the value of a firm is not affected by the type of financial choices preferred by that firm.

The Solyndra Solar was bailout to promote the alternative energy sources, but faced a stiff competition from the cheap solar panels from China. The Solyndra was one of the investments under the energy loan program in united state and was aimed to introduce essential financing into the green energy sector.

Connectively, revenue of thirty five million pounds was obtained from international production and another seven million pounds from investments (ITV, 2012). However, despite having a positive growth, the company has also been faced with some challenges.

The company’s current position in its existing markets is threatened by the strong competition and the company’s position is worsening particularly related to its automotive business segment. As the company’s CEO, it is time to make certain strategic and financial decisions which could help the company to revive its position to regain its position in the market and generate healthy returns from its businesses.

The model perceives systematic risk as the only risk which rational investors price because the risk cannot be eradicated by diversification (Sharpe 1964, p.425: Linter 1965, p.13). The CAPM states that a security’s or a portfolio’s expected return is equivalent to the rate on a risk-free security added to a risk premium then multiplied by the systematic risk of an asset.

With reference to work conducted on corporate governance, t corporate ethics is involved with the approaches taken up by entities that supply investment to corporations in a bid to ensure they accrue an optimal return from investment (Shleifer and Vishny 2007).

In this case, the population mean (?) is often equal to the sampling distribution mean, and the standard error of such sampling distribution (?x) can be determined using the population standard deviation (?), the sample size and the population size. Using mathematical equation, the equations below serve to indicate the mathematical relation between the population mean and the sampling distribution, and the relation between the sample distribution, the population standard deviation, the populationa dn the sample size as shown ?

In order to discuss the link between the financial system and the real economy, the paper will first discuss the structure and role of the financial system and then later the link between the two. The real economy consists of households, firms, and other agencies involved in the production of goods and services.

The immediate impact will be requirement of alternate or new currencies which will be followed by departing countries to devalue their liabilities and assets. Not to mention the huge quantum of sovereign debt that member countries owe, the magnitude of austerity measures will be enormous (Atrissi and Mezher, 2010, pp.1-5).

So passionate is Mr. R that he is eager to teach and introduce those willing to join his profession. Additionally, he also has available job openings for those interested. His first job in accounting was in Ney York where he worked as a fleet manager for about five to six years.

Corporate social responsibility normally referred to as CSR covers the corporate citizenship, corporate conscience, the social performance and business sustainable development. CRS is a corporate self-regulation form that is mostly integrated in the models of most business.

The assessment of financial and operational performance of an organization can be accomplished through the use of ratio analysis. This is achieved by evaluating the relationship of different figures generated from the company’s financial statements. A number of performance indicators are derived from these figures.

The FEE Paper Comparison International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants (IESBA) Code of Ethics that says “An individual’s objectivity must be beyond question when conducting and reporting on a statutory Audit.” This is applicable when auditors themselves act as statutory auditor, or when they are auditing on behalf of an auditing firm.

Apart from setting the objectives, the research report evaluates each objective. The objectives are numerous in number and each objective shares a direct or indirect cause and effect relationship with the other objectives. For a better visualisation of the objectives`, balances score card is used.

The financial appraisal of TR Limited can be undertaken by calculating the relevant financial ratios of the company and comparing it with the prior year in order to monitor growth or decline in the ratios. The financial ratio analysis provides the most effective result when it is compared with the benchmark ratios of the industry, but in the absence of the missing information, the ratios of the current year are compared with the ratios of the prior year.

It has expanded its quality control system and production capacity through its continuous growth. AFAQ has assured quality certification to Cogitel after the company’s launch of its first upgrade system. During all these advancements, Cogitel, however, incurred a loss that affected its relationship with the country Algeria.

For instance, the customer response has been tremendous in the years in which the business has existed. The renewal rate of customers has been evidence of the satisfaction level of the clients. Also, the owners of the business highlight that the business has been successful and produces a net income of $50,000 annually with a nominal amount of effort.

It is also used by the investors in their decision making process, related to purchase or sell of the securities. The auditors guide the investors and owners in their decision making process. The effective utilization of financial statements requires understanding of the functions of auditors as well.

A perfect example of an emerging market, Egypt’s economy was injured by the crisis, especially considering that the nation was in the midst of successful reforms since 1991 that had seen GDP grow by 7.2% in the fiscal year 2007/8 (Altintzis 1). The success of the reforms towards a market-oriented economy cannot be understated especially since they were carried out in the midst of structural challenges such as soaring budget deficits and occasional inflations that constrained the quality of labor.