Finance & Accounting Essays

The risk attributes of a derivative contract can be translated directly into a respective cash equivalent, interest rate or other risk exposure in the global market. This is done using rho, delta and gamma factors. Actual and target risk exposure is based on the assumption of accurate specification of the pricing model.

A variety of tools and techniques have been used in analyzing management accounting in hospitals and universities. Most involve the comparison of actual costs incurred within a given period of time with some level of accounting deemed to be an appropriate standard for comparison. These tools and techniques may be derived in various different means.

Auditing is a management function mandated with the sustenance of the integrity of the financial statements in the company. Auditing refers to the planned investigation of an organization with the view of determining the adequacy of operation. The practice is essential in order to determine the position of an organization in the market thereby assuring the investors of the truth about their investments.

Inherent risk in a broad sense is the risk a business is exposed to when there are no other circumstantial factors in place (Rawindara, Kumāra, and Virender, 213). A basic example of an inherent risk is to be hit by a

The fundamental rationale behind this report is to assess and evaluate the learning phase in accordance with theoretical models associated with the process of learning. This will enable the researcher to establish an analytical framework that will serve as a solid foundation enabling the individual to reflect on the developments that have been attained in due course of stay with the company.

The main aim of the case study is to analyze the overall performance of an Australian public-listed company, Qantas Airways Limited. It is the largest international and domestic airline that is originally registered as Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Limited (QANTAS). The company is listed on the Australian Stock Exchange and the shares are traded in the financial market of Australia.

This paper tries to expand on the possibilities of forming Central Bank for GCC and the expected gains and costs alongside losses. This is discussed beyond the boundaries as defined by economic theory but explained alongside structural changes within the global economy. From previous research, the economies of the GCC countries are revealed as unique since they share several homogeneous characteristics.

The research paper will explain the different perspectives on management taken by Fayol and Mintzberg and their approaches to the study of management. Fayol as the head of the school of Systematic Management was inspired to develop a theoretical foundation for the managerial education program.

The researcher explains that the social contract between company and the society requires organizations to deliver benefits and desirable ends to the community. The failure of conforming to the expectations of the society ruins the society’s view of the company; this view is known as corporate image.

In addition, the discussion of the information from the company’s management and financial statement is used to identify differences and similarities between both companies. Market and management strategies of the banks are also analyzed to investigate how the changes in the global industry impact these banks.

Bank Muamalat Malaysia Berhad for instance charges interest that is contributed as a service fee. Hence, masking of this not shariah compliance because service fees are masked with interest. Additionally, it is clear that the

Weißenberger and Angelkort focused on the assessment of integrating financial and management accounting. This is by evaluation of the influence of a consistent financial language in relation to the effectiveness and efficiency of controllership. From this research article, it is critical to note that business entities tend to benefit from the utilization of consistency in financial reporting.

Supply has been affected by the instability that is been faced by the oil producing countries. There have been changes in oil prices since the

Every future success of every business is dependent on a couple of things including external factors. In addition, its strategic option and route lay a pivotal in determining the outlook it will have some days to come. Evaluating and analyzing the strategic position and route a business has is vitally important in ensuring that it remains profitable, and most importantly, achieves its initial objectives.

There is often a great challenge in estimating the cost of capital in both developed and emerging markets. The main argument in this paper is on the perspective that country risk and uncertainty is basically a non-diversifiable, as it is an integral aspect of the estimation models for the capital costs.

‘As investing, jargon goes a share buyback is one of the simplest terms. It's a company buying back its own shares. It can do this in one of two ways. The first, and by far the most common, is when a company buys shares on the open market, just as a private investor does when they buy shares through a broker.

Since the project is expected to generate higher values than the cost of capital, both IRR and MIRR are higher than the required rate of return of 14%. With no capital rationing, the primary consideration in selecting a project is the NPV. All projects which yield positive NPVs should be selected should there be no budget constraint.

At times the choice of an accounting rule may impact the profitability and in turn the distribution of profits to shareholders, salaries, and pension funding. This is an economic effect of unethical accounting. If the profitability of a firm is inflated then it boosts up the shareholders’ confidence in the firm. 

This company is best known for its MGM Grand hotel and casino in Las Vegas, but it operates resorts all over the world. It has been through some financial difficulties but has done a good job of cleaning up its balance sheet. Analysts gave it a buy rating and a fair value of 14.00 per share while at the time of purchase, it was valued at $11.00.

Since investors really care for the impact of any decision on the potential cash return on the shares (and also the gain in market value which is again based on Smiffy’s financial position), they should be given the explanations of the recommended option in terms of key cash-generating results that are expected from the Dandynia deal.

The material cost of the product also includes the software cost which operates in the electronic pillbox logger and suggests the quantity level of the pills in the box. The total startup cost for the electronic pillbox logger is assumed to be $900. The following table highlights the breakup of all these costs.

GAAP refers to the Generally Accepted Accounting principles. The principles encompass an aggregate of rules and values that outline how CPA firms account for assets, liabilities, incomes, and expenses on their accounting and financial statements. American firms that operate under the GAAP guidelines prepare their business transactions and reports based on different GAAP rules.

The author states that David had a duty towards the stockholders of Enron whereby he had the role of a whistle-blower in case of any uncertainties in the firm’s financial records. Considering that he was also a player in the accounting profession, he had the responsibility of upholding the integrity of his profession.

In light of this, this paper is a letter to the IRS which aims at analyzing tax issues regarding gift and estate tax and trusts and estates In light of the recent investigation and findings regarding my client’s estate, I take the option to use the right of

The use of these methods provides a convenient and effective way of preparing and documenting financial statements. There is

The term whistle-blower is allocated to a person within an organization who is engaged in the disclosure of fraudulent and illegal practices executed by employers within the organization to other organizations or a person who is eligible to take actions for curbing such malpractice. Concerning with case provided, Cynthia Cooper was the whistle-blower who unveiled the fraudulent practices carried in WorldCom.

The first research paper titled ‘Collaborative corporate social responsibility’ is aimed at analyzing the coming together of two public relations agencies based in America to participate in the UN Global Impact. This program from the United Nations brings together about 4000 organizations that are members of this association and is spread over about 100 countries for the purpose of addressing some of the most critical issues.

The contribution margin must be equal to the $24,000 fixed costs amount to arrive at the zero profit. The statement shows that the selling price of each boat is $20,000. Likewise, the data shows that each boat generates variable costs amounting to $8,000. The variable costs are $ 3,000 direct materials per boat, $4,000 direct labor per boat and $1,000 representing other variable costs.  

The tense of the derivative financial instruments is the future because it is a contract that required two sides to complete the transaction at a certain time in the future or cancel the transaction through the forecast of the trend of changes in interest rates, exchange rates, stock prices and other factors by two sides of the transaction.

Some calculations that were necessary for the determination of net salary income for the year are shown in the paper. It is evident from the above calculations that the average monthly cash flows for Madea remain below £400 throughout the year, therefore it is not possible for her to finance her bicycle in these circumstances even if the bicycle costs her the lowest £400.

Tax rules allow firms to depreciate rosters at a maximum of 50% of the buying price which is what the OPC did (IRS, 2013). Nonetheless, both depreciation and appreciation of the roster should be accounted for because the rooster depreciates when players are dismissed or badly injured and appreciates when players get experience and good coaching.

According to the essay the influence of data base management has contributed towards the strategic decision making process by enabling accelerated decision making process.  This report will focus on developing a suitable database for observing and identifying reasons behind the decreasing student attendance of the Northampton Business School.

Setting up a retail store for any type of business in the city would ensure some form of monopoly, but for a limited period of time. We will open a food retail store dealing with fresh farm

In this regard, recently china has clinched a deal with South Korea removing tariffs on 90 percent of the goods and looking for a similar deal with Australian trading partners. For politico-economic reasons, china’s central bank has pushed up the strictly controlled currency value making the goods of other countries competitive in china.

It is a contract for the most part made on the exchanging floor of a futures trade, to purchase or offer specific merchandise or budgetary instrument at a foreordained cost later on. Futures contracts detail the quality and amount of the basic resource; they are institutionalized to encourage exchanging in a futures trade.

ikewise, in this paper we are going to discuss on how the government capitalizes on its resources to meet its expenses to cater for the public via budgeting. A budget is a quantitative plan of future intention. Therefore, capital budgeting is the process of using resources at

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (2002) was enacted following a series of corporate and accounting failures. Sandals by different companies, which included Enron, Tyco International, WorldCom, Peregrine Systems, and Adelphia, between 2000 and 2002 resulted in poor faith in the U.S. securities markets, thereby costing investors billions.

It not only sells clothes but also deals with the activities such as production, distribution, and textile designs. The founder, Amancio Ortega is regarded as the richest man in Spain and the third richest in the world. The company operates globally through several stores amounting to about 6460 (Inditex, 2015a).

A state may have a budget that would require an increase in taxes hence causing a financial strain on the residents. They may move to states that have lower or less tax burdens to them. That is with the aim of having more money in their

The approach of Modigliani & Miller to capital theory was developed in the 1950s and supports capital structure immateriality theory. It proposes that the assessment of a company is not relevant to its capital structure. Whether a company has a lower component of debt or is extremely leveraged, it does not have any bearing on its actual market value.

Group Ariel of France is anticipating beginning a project in Mexico. There is a need for evaluation of the net present value (NPV) of the venture. This is intended to be done with the aspect of exchange rates between the Mexican pesos and the Euros being considered. This is to ensure that the returns are maximized.

Speaking engagements- the first speaking engagement is not a trading activity as per the badges of trade because James does not offer any service for sale but is requested to offer a speech. Also, the second speech for which he is offered money by a company may not be considered as a trading transaction as James does not intend to trade at all.

The future of the Chinese bond markets offers greater opportunities as it will promote corporate bonds, giving corporations and private enterprises new financial channels. However, to ensure that the market plays is a paramount role, there is a need to ensure a strong legal system that is properly regulated and build following the right steps.

Ultimately, the customers buy those goods and services that they identify as the best value for their money. The formula for success is the implementation of marketing campaigns that display great products at reasonable prices. To get a better return from marketing investments, it is essential to find affordable marketing strategies.

Advise to Dr. Leo Krusack on basic accounting procedures for the month of July showing how each transaction is handled on the accrual basis of accounting: - On July 1st, he paid out $1,200 in office rent for the month of July.

The global financial crisis was preceded by the subprime mortgage crisis, which marked a huge number of defaulters and reflected the impact of the deregulation of the credit market by the U.S. government. The national economy collapsed mainly because of the cost of supporting such a high-risk mortgage market backed by private-level securitization of assets.

If I were to give access to our facilities for two days free of charge our organization would lose money. The Sunny River Resort has a lot of variables and fixed monthly expenses. Some of our expenses include electricity, air conditioning, other utilities, payroll, supplies, and maintenance of the facilities and equipment. 

In the year 2004, one division of Teletech Corporation i.e. telecommunication services had generated return on capital of almost

Anderson Customized Security (ACS) is a group of companies that consists of Birmingham Corporation, Reading Company, and Millwall Company. All the companies work and operate as independent companies and there is no considerable relationship between them when there is such a situation and these companies do a transaction then it is called transfer pricing.

If the inflation rate is higher than 2-3% then the Federal Reserve has the option of either lowering or increasing the interest rates to tip the scale. Interest rates and inflation have an inverse