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The audit is a systematic and independent procedure for examining data, operations, financial statements, quality management, records, and financial performances for a specific purpose of that organization. In most cases, the specific purpose is providing securities and reducing risk-free factors within the organization.
Auditor’s independence is a critical issue that is broadly discussed in the business world, especially after the world-known scandal of Enron. Auditor’s independence implies performing duties “free of subjective biases and professional impropriety". Professional integrity is recognized to be an integral characteristic of the auditor’s independence.
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The new lease accounting standards resulted from the joint effort between IASB and FASB, which was decided on August 2010. The old lease accounting identifies that rules under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) marks comparison between two leasing types:
Historical old practices of governance are responsible for adhering to different corporate mechanisms based on the two-tiered approaches in most of the Chinese state-owned enterprises. It is the sole reason for differences existing in Chinese publicly traded companies with that of the US or UK companies.
The required rate of on each type of capital is known as the component cost. Therefore weighted average cost of capital is the cost of capital that is used to analyze investment
Six of these have a specific tax rate on food while eleven states subject food to the general tax rate1. However, of the remaining thirty four states that do not charge sales tax on food, food sales in three states are subject to local taxes. These include Georgia,
The authors of the study were aiming to investigate why finance managers who are highly educated, experienced and well paid are thought to make poor decisions and also to explore the
By performing the activities of future planning or forecasting’s for a longer period of time, the organization might successfully cope-up with varied challenges such as inflation, demand variations, supply differences, shortage of employees or labours, improper educational qualifications of the employees, etc.
The authors use a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to identity the key players, the surrounding discourses and implications for the extractive industry.
Extractive industries
In utilitarianism, action should bring the greatest good for the greatest number of people while the consequences for both the agent and for everyone are considered in judging an action’s worth.
The Balance Sheet of a business is used to show the “net worth” of a company at a given point in time. It is particularly useful in monitoring the health of the company that is what the business owes and what it is owed. The Assets and Liabilities are the two main sections of a Balance Sheet and are always equal.
A higher ratio reflects high sales. Since a grocery deals with fast moving goods, which are perishable, we expect the stock turnover to be higher. In this case then B is the grocery store and A is of manufacturing concern.
A company performance is mostly
Looking for a company with a large market opportunity is the initial primary stage of investment evaluation. Ventura plc assesses the market opportunity for CF ltd and calculates its rate of return on investments. The rate of return on investment refers to the
The author states that from the statement of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balances in the governmental funds it can be seen that in the financial year 2013, the total revenue is $ 17883672 thousand and the total general revenue in the govt.-wide statement of activities is $ 20519253 thousand.
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Lilly Endowment Inc. is a privately owned Philanthropic foundation in Indianapolis. It was created by the three Lilly families by delivering goods from their pharmaceutical company, Eli Lilly and Company. It therefor means that Eli Lilly and Company is basically the bedrock or pillar of Lilly Endowment.
This report focuses on the responsibilities of Auditors in reporting. A recent fraud that shocked the financial society is the financial collapse of Lehman Brothers, a big investment firm in U.S. Reuters carried news report that the accounting firm of Ernest & Young helped to hide financial problems of Lehman Brothers that led to its downfall.
For this reason, most companies choose to pursue either competitive advantage, or shareholder value. However, in the article, the author uses different ways to show a common linkage between the
Contrary to financial accounting, budget accounting is a forward-looking type of accounting. It measures the planned acquisitions and forecasts the use of economic resources. Budget reporting on the other hand assists to provide the basis for controlling the activities of an organization by comparing actual performance against budgeted performance (World Bank, 2012).
In 2007, the companys reported gross profit margin was 33.6%; this matches with what has been calculated for years 2009 and 2008. Debt component has reduced in 2009 when compared with year 2008. It is pertinent to note that
I am an undergraduate student at the New Mexico State University, majoring in Accounting. Due to my hardworking nature, I have achieved good grades throughout my academics, including University and high school. As mentioned in my enclosed resume, apart from my academic qualifications, I also possess considerable experience in the field of Accounting.
From a growth on net sales of 8% in the year 2005, the net sales shows major declines in the next two years 2006 and 2007 and then rose sharply by 36% in 2008. From this trend, it is difficult
On-line commerce has been increasing at an unprecedented rate and 275 of all on-line merchants sell their products and services to foreign markets. Additionally, only 32% of U.S. on-line merchants
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The findings of the study show a positive relationship between oil prices and inflation whereas the growth of the cash flow had a negative relation with the stock returns. Patel (2012) determines the effects of macroeconomic determine and its impacts on the stock market return of India through analyzing data between January 1991 and 2011 (Patel, 2012).
When Ovitz disclosed the fraudulent use of funds and high compensation after his termination, Eisner terms him as incompetent and a psychopath. Additionally, Eisner refers to Ovitz as someone who is not trustworthy. Ironically, when he appeared in Los King Live, Eisner denies there were no problems between him and Ovitz.
The U.S. dollar is the most prominent and highly traded currency in the world, instituted as the international currency after the World War II. Created by the Federal Reserve System, the U.S. dollar is usually used the trade
Return on investment metrics measures the profitability of the project by comparing the cost and benefits of an investment while discounted cash flow metrics involve Net Present value, Pay back and internal rate of return. The discounted
The company is small means that the cost of acquiring it is a bit low therefore Hershey Company will incur low costs of acquiring (Gaughan, 2010). The merger of the two companies will lead to the growth of this small company by increasing the economic demand. Hershey Company will benefit from diversification.
Credit rating is not a rough audit or a recommendation with an aim to buy, hold or sell a security bond that is rated. In the security market, credit rating is sometimes misunderstood or overrated. It, therefore, leads to a great gap between the lenders
Furthermore, it will also engage a broader discussion of some of the relevant criticisms that credit agencies and credit ratings represent. Through such an
nd Disney, it can be observed that Lee was entitled only to a right of residue payment of 12.5 percent from revenues earned by Disney in distribution of movies in the domestic and international markets. The relevance of this case is that the contract gave Disney the rights of
Based upon the analysis of the chapter, it has been revealed that the Islamic financial system has changed the entire operational procedures of banking practices in the Islam communities. Moreover, the system has made the financial institutions avert the banking crisis with the assistance of equity-based banking practices, which is quite different from the traditional banking system.
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The reduction will improve the working capital figure. The company should install more CCTV cameras to spot, prevent, and reduce theft of company assets. The company should increase the advertising budget. The additional advertising budget will increase revenues, increasing the asset turnover ratio and current ratio (Fraser, 2011).
A performance management system (PMS) is a management practice, which includes a set of processes, metrics, tools, methods, and software applications, that help to gather data on organizational performance. It provides the means to analyse the performance, against predefined benchmarks (Leonard, et al, 2007).
Aramex Inc. presents one of the most prominent companies within Middle-East since its listing in international stock exchange in mid 1990s (Aramex Inc, 2014).
Aramex’s transportation network covers wide region from Middle-East to United
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Financial ratios are tools that help to interpret a company’s financial planning, and its performance during the existence of the business. It allows the company to compare own activities with respect to previous years as well as among
This source of finance is the most economical for funding business enterprises because there is no interest charged (Drury, 2003). However, friends and relatives may not be ready to provide the finance, and if they provide, they may over-control the sole trader in the way he or she is spending the money because they are the providers.
that a number of factors have contributed towards the reduction and subsequent shortage of clinical nurses and other healthcare professionals, an aspect that has contributed significantly towards the poor performance of many healthcare facilities. With increased shortage,
Considering that nurses are the largest group of healthcare professionals with direct link to patients in terms of provision of healthcare services, any shortage affecting the group
The company’s current ratio is generally good, above 1. A current ratio of more than 2 means the company has the ability to pay off twice the value of its current liabilities should they become due at any given point within
The patient turnout is currently lower than expected. This can be attributed to the fact that there is a reduced number of patients coming for return services. This points out to either of two
The company should continue with its new strategy of offering cash discounts since the analysis has confirmed that it is a wise idea. However, the company’s management should also focus on how it can reduce the cost of offering cash discounts since it appears as if it is still relatively high (Fernandes, 2014).
Fisher Black has described the influence of freelance trading activities in modern stock markets as both a limiting factor in the efficiency of the market and also a source of potential profits in and of itself. The question of noise in financial markets, as well as noise trading, appears potentially representative of an endemic paradox within the systemic functions that underlie stock markets in general.
Therefore, financial institutions are becoming more significant in the Chinese economy (Buckley & Casson 34).
Brazil is suitable for the BFSI subsidiary because it is a major world emerging economy. Brazil also represents the first South
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The literature review comprises an evaluation of the different asset pricing models and examines the best model for the Hong Kong capital market. The literature considers the facts regarding Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and its augmented version. Views of numerous authors are depicted in this literature review regarding the use of asset pricing models in the Hong Kong market.
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A literature review to be conducted will critically review the concept of human capital and its inherent features and approaches in being used as a method of checking a firm’s human resource base. The research will also utilize the Grounded Theory Approach as a means of evaluating the appropriateness of the human capital approach and methodology for evaluating the human resource base.
Operative expenses that comprise of general, selling and administrative expenses along with depreciation charges and amortization cost are deducted from gross profit
The essay highlights the comments of Fisher Black in his article, “Noise” and John M. Keynes in his article, “The state of long-term expectation” in the context of the Efficient Market Hypothesis. In the process, assumptions of the Capital Asset Pricing Model are also elaborated. The assumptions are compared with ideas proposed by Keynes and Black.
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The capital is essential in a business so as to be able to develop business activities, initiate and continue production. By investing and acquiring different types of assets, a company can produce various types of goods and services. Through sales of the finished products and services, a firm is able to earn revenue.